A060736 Array of square numbers read by antidiagonals in up direction.

1, 2, 4, 5, 3, 9, 10, 6, 8, 16, 17, 11, 7, 15, 25, 26, 18, 12, 14, 24, 36, 37, 27, 19, 13, 23, 35, 49, 50, 38, 28, 20, 22, 34, 48, 64, 65, 51, 39, 29, 21, 33, 47, 63, 81, 82, 66, 52, 40, 30, 32, 46, 62, 80, 100

Offset: 1

Author

Frank Ellermann, Apr 23 2001

Keywords

• nonn
• tabl

Comments

A simple permutation of natural numbers.

a(n) is a pairing function: a function that reversibly maps Z^{+} x Z^{+} onto Z^{+}, where Z^{+} is the set of integer positive numbers. - Boris Putievskiy, Jan 09 2013

Examples

			1 4 9 16 .. => a(1)= 1
2 3 8 15 .. => a(2)= 2, a(3)=4
5 6 7 14 .. => a(4)= 5, a(5)=3, a(6)=9
10 11 12 13 .. => a(7)=10, a(8)=6, a(9)=8, a(10)=16
		

Links

• Boris Putievskiy, Transformations [of] Integer Sequences And Pairing Functions arXiv:1212.2732 [math.CO], 2012.
• Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Pairing functions
• Index entries for sequences that are permutations of the natural numbers

Crossrefs

Cf. A060734. Inverse permutation: A064788, the first inverse function (numbers of rows) A194258, the second inverse function (numbers of columns) A194195.

Programs

Mathematica

Table[ If[n < 2*k-1, k^2 + k - n, (n-k)^2 + k], {n, 1, 10}, {k, 1, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Jan 09 2013 *)

Python

t=int((math.sqrt(8*n-7) - 1)/ 2)
i=n-t*(t+1)/2
j=(t*t+3*t+4)/2-n
if i>=j:
   result=i**2-j+1
else:
   result=(j-1)**2+i
# Boris Putievskiy, Jan 09 2013

Formula

T(n+1, k)=n*n+k, T(k, n+1)=(n+1)*(n+1)+1-k, 1 <= k <= n+1.

a(n)=i^2-j+1 if i >= j, a(n)=(j-1)^2 + i if i < j, where i=n-t*(t+1)/2, j=(t*t+3*t+4)/2-n, t=floor((-1+sqrt(8*n-7))/2). - Boris Putievskiy, Jan 09 2013