A196052 -id:A196052 - cp's OEIS frontend

A196054 The second Zagreb index of the rooted tree with Matula-Goebel number n.

0, 1, 4, 4, 8, 8, 9, 9, 12, 12, 12, 14, 14, 14, 16, 16, 14, 19, 16, 18, 18, 16, 19, 22, 20, 19, 24, 21, 18, 23, 16, 25, 20, 18, 22, 28, 22, 22, 23, 26, 19, 26, 21, 22, 28, 24, 23, 32, 24, 27, 22, 26, 25, 34, 24, 30, 26, 23, 18, 32, 28, 20, 31, 36, 27, 27, 22, 24, 28, 30, 26, 39, 26, 28, 32, 30, 26, 31, 22, 36, 40, 23, 24, 36, 26, 26, 27, 30, 32, 38

Offset: 1

Emeric Deutsch, Sep 28 2011

nonn

The second Zagreb index of a simple connected graph g is the sum of the degree products d(i)d(j) over all edges ij of g.

The Matula-Goebel number of a rooted tree can be defined in the following recursive manner: to the one-vertex tree there corresponds the number 1; to a tree T with root degree 1 there corresponds the t-th prime number, where t is the Matula-Goebel number of the tree obtained from T by deleting the edge emanating from the root; to a tree T with root degree m>=2 there corresponds the product of the Matula-Goebel numbers of the m branches of T.

			a(7)=9 because the rooted tree with Matula-Goebel number 7 is the rooted tree Y (1*3+3*1+3*1=9).
a(2^m) = m^2 because the rooted tree with Matula-Goebel number 2^m is a star with m edges.

F. Goebel, On a 1-1-correspondence between rooted trees and natural numbers, J. Combin. Theory, B 29 (1980), 141-143.
Ivan Gutman and Kinkar C. Das, The first Zagreb index 30 years after, MATCH Commun. Math. Comput. Chem. 50, 2004, 83-92.
I. Gutman and A. Ivic, On Matula numbers, Discrete Math., 150, 1996, 131-142.
I. Gutman and Yeong-Nan Yeh, Deducing properties of trees from their Matula numbers, Publ. Inst. Math., 53 (67), 1993, 17-22.
D. W. Matula, A natural rooted tree enumeration by prime factorization, SIAM Rev. 10 (1968) 273.
S. Nikolic, G. Kovacevic, A. Milicevic, and N. Trinajstic, The Zagreb indices 30 years after, Croatica Chemica Acta, 76, 2003, 113-124.
Index entries for sequences related to Matula-Goebel numbers

Cf. A196052, A196053.

with(numtheory): a := proc (n) local r, s, b: r := proc (n) options operator, arrow: op(1, factorset(n)) end proc: s := proc (n) options operator, arrow: n/r(n) end proc: b := proc (n) if n = 1 then 0 elif bigomega(n) = 1 then 1+bigomega(pi(n)) else b(r(n))+b(s(n)) end if end proc: if n = 1 then 0 elif bigomega(n) = 1 then a(pi(n))+b(pi(n))+bigomega(pi(n))+1 else a(r(n))+a(s(n))+b(r(n))*bigomega(s(n))+b(s(n))*bigomega(r(n)) end if end proc: seq(a(n), n = 1 .. 90);

a(1)=0; if n=p(t) (the t-th prime), then a(n) = a(t)+b(t)+G(t)+1; if n=rs (r,s>=2), then a(n)=a(r)+a(s)+b(r)G(s)+b(s)G(r); here b(m) is the sum of the degrees of the nodes at level 1 of the rooted tree having Matula-Goebel number m and G(m) is the number of prime factors of m, counted with multiplicities. The Maple program is based on this recursive formula.

A257540 Irregular triangle read by rows: row n (n>=2) contains the degrees of the level 1 vertices of the rooted tree having Matula-Goebel number n; row 1: 0.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 3, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 4, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 3, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 3, 3, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 1, 4, 2, 3, 1, 1

Offset: 1

Emeric Deutsch, May 04 2015

The Matula (or Matula-Goebel) number of a rooted tree can be defined in the following recursive manner: to the one-vertex tree there corresponds the number 1; to a tree T with root degree 1 there corresponds the t-th prime number, where t is the Matula-Goebel number of the tree obtained from T by deleting the edge emanating from the root; to a tree T with root degree m>=2 there corresponds the product of the Matula-Goebel numbers of the m branches of T.
Number of entries in row n is the number of prime divisors of n counted with multiplicity.
Sum of entries in row n = A196052(n).

			Row 8 is 1,1,1. Indeed, the rooted tree with Matula number 8 is the star tree \|/; vertices at level 1 have degrees 1,1,1.
Triangle starts:
0;
1;
2;
1,1;
2;
1,2;
3;
1,1,1;

E. Deutsch, Rooted tree statistics from Matula numbers, arXiv:1111.4288 [math.CO], 2011.
E. Deutsch, Rooted tree statistics from Matula numbers, Discrete Appl. Math., 160, 2012, 2314-2322.
F. Goebel, On a 1-1-correspondence between rooted trees and natural numbers, J. Combin. Theory, B 29 (1980), 141-143.
I. Gutman and A. Ivic, On Matula numbers, Discrete Math., 150, 1996, 131-142.
I. Gutman and Yeong-Nan Yeh, Deducing properties of trees from their Matula numbers, Publ. Inst. Math., 53 (67), 1993, 17-22.
D. W. Matula, A natural rooted tree enumeration by prime factorization, SIAM Rev. 10 (1968) 273.

Cf. A196052, A001222.

with(numtheory): DL := proc (n) if n = 2 then [1] elif bigomega(n) = 1 then [1+bigomega(pi(n))] else [op(DL(op(1, factorset(n)))), op(DL(n/op(1, factorset(n))))] end if end proc: with(numtheory): DL := proc (n) if n = 1 then [0] elif n = 2 then [1] elif bigomega(n) = 1 then [1+bigomega(pi(n))] else [op(DL(op(1, factorset(n)))), op(DL(n/op(1, factorset(n))))] end if end proc: seq(op(DL(n)), n = 1 .. 100);

Denoting by DL(n) the multiset of the degrees of the level 1 vertices of the rooted tree with Matula number n, we have DL(1)=[0], DL[2]=[1], DL(i-th prime) = [1+bigomega(i)], DL(rs) = DL(r) union DL(s), where bigomega(i) is the number of prime divisors of i, counted with multiplicity (A001222) and "union" is "multiset union". The Maple program is based on these recurrence equations.

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A196054 The second Zagreb index of the rooted tree with Matula-Goebel number n.

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