A292092 -id:A292092 - cp's OEIS frontend

A291792 Numbers m such that Post's tag system started at the word (100)^m eventually dies (i.e., reaches the empty string).

5, 13, 14, 22, 25, 46, 47, 54, 63, 65, 70, 74, 78, 80, 91, 93, 106, 110, 117, 118, 128, 144, 148, 160, 166, 169, 190, 195, 199, 209, 222, 229, 234, 236, 239, 240, 243, 252, 254, 263, 264, 265, 266, 278, 281, 283, 286, 302, 304, 310, 324, 326, 327, 336, 339

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 04 2017

nonn

These are the numbers m such that A291793(m)=0, or equivalently A284121(m)=1.
Comments from Lars Blomberg on the method used in calculating the terms, Sep 14 2017: (Start)
Here is an overview of the method I have been using.
Build the words in a large byte array. Each iteration just adds 00 or 1101 to the end and removes 3 bytes from the beginning, without moving the whole word, just keeping track of the length of the word and where it starts within the array.
When the word reaches the end of the array it is moved to the beginning. This allows for very fast iterations, as long as the word is substantially shorter than the array.
The size of the byte array is 10^9, this is the longest word we can handle.
As for cycle detection, the words at iterations A: k*10^5 and B: (k+1)*10^5 are saved.
For iterations above B when the current word has the same length as B (a fast test), then check if the current word is equal to the one at B. If so, we have a cycle whose length can be determined simply by continued iterating. When the current iteration reaches C: (k+2)*10^5, move B->A, C->B, and continue.
The cycle has started somewhere between A and B and we know the cycle length. So restart two iterations at A and initially iterate one of them by the cycle length. Then iterate the two in parallel (being a cycle length apart) until they are equal, which gives the start of the cycle. Only the two words being iterated need to be stored.
One drawback with this method is that it cannot detect a cycle longer than 10^5 (or whatever value we choose). In that case the iterations will go on forever.
(End)
The trajectory of the word (100)^m for m=110 dies after 43913328040672 iterations, so 110 is a term in this sequence. The longest word in the trajectory is 31299218, which appeared at iteration 14392308412264. - Lars Blomberg, Oct 04 2017

Lars Blomberg, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1100
Peter R. J. Asveld, On a Post's System of Tag. Bulletin of the EATCS 36 (1988), 96-102.
N. J. A. Sloane, Maple code for A291792, A284119, A291793, A284121, A291794, A291795, A291796, A292089, A292090, A292091, A292092, A292093, A292094.
N. J. A. Sloane, Three (No, 8) Lovely Problems from the OEIS, Experimental Mathematics Seminar, Rutgers University, Oct 05 2017, Part 1, Part 2, Slides. (Mentions this sequence)
Shigeru Watanabe, Periodicity of Post's normal process of tag, in Jerome Fox, ed., Proceedings of Symposium on Mathematical Theory of Automata, New York, April 1962, Polytechnic Press, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, 1963, pp. 83-99. [Annotated scanned copy]

Cf. A284116, A284119, A284121, A291793.

Asveld's Table 1 gives data about the behavior of Post's 3-shift tag system {00/1101} applied to the word (100)^n. The first column gives n, the nonzero values in column 2 give A291792, and columns 3 through 7 give A284119, A291793 (or A284121), A291794, A291795, A291796. For the corresponding data for Watanabe's 3-shift tag system {00/1011} applied to (100)^n see A292089, A292090, A292091, A292092, A292093, A292094.

a(8)-a(17) from Lars Blomberg, Sep 08 2017

a(18)-a(55) from Lars Blomberg, Oct 15 2017

A292091 Period of orbit of Watanabe's 3-shift tag system {00/1011} applied to the word (100)^n.

Original entry on oeis.org

6, 6, 6, 6, 0, 518, 6, 518, 0, 6, 0, 6, 6, 28, 6, 0, 6, 34, 6, 0, 6, 0, 0, 6, 0, 518, 22, 22, 22, 6, 6, 6, 40, 518, 6, 6, 0, 0, 6, 6, 518, 518, 0, 518, 518, 6, 0, 6, 6, 26, 26, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 22, 6, 518, 6, 0, 16, 26, 0, 6, 0, 6, 0, 6, 6, 0, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 10 2017

nonn

Watanabe's tag system {00/1011} maps a word w over {0,1} to w', where if w begins with 0, w' is obtained by appending 00 to w and deleting the first three letters, or if w begins with 1, w' is obtained by appending 1011 to w and deleting the first three letters.
The empty word is included in the count.
Following Asveld we set a(n)=0 if the orbit ends at the empty word.

			The following is the analog of columns 3 through 7 of Asveld's Table 1.
1 [171, 6, 56, 59, 138]
2 [166, 6, 56, 59, 133]
3 [11, 6, 16, 17, 10]
4 [154, 6, 56, 59, 121]
5 [105, 0, 0, 31, 24]
6 [14, 518, 28, 85, 215]
7 [57, 6, 38, 41, 36]
8 [68, 518, 42, 85, 333]
9 [173, 0, 0, 49, 38]
10 [1098, 6, 34, 159, 407]
11 [8265, 0, 0, 328, 4429]
12 [720, 6, 34, 93, 343]
13 [1715, 6, 34, 93, 1338]
14 [130, 28, 82, 83, 85]
15 [1979, 6, 20, 215, 720]
16 [2024, 0, 0, 193, 1023]
17 [833, 6, 70, 121, 420]
18 [162, 34, 100, 101, 105]
19 [591, 6, 20, 109, 118]
20 [6124, 0, 0, 357, 2259]
21 [59673, 6, 20, 781, 33530]
22 [748, 0, 0, 150, 328]
23 [11631, 0, 0, 273, 6250]
24 [3200, 6, 56, 261, 1515]
...

Lars Blomberg, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..6080
Peter R. J. Asveld, On a Post's System of Tag. Bulletin of the EATCS 36 (1988), 96-102.
Shigeru Watanabe, Periodicity of Post's normal process of tag, in Jerome Fox, ed., Proceedings of Symposium on Mathematical Theory of Automata, New York, April 1962, Polytechnic Press, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, 1963, pp. 83-99. [Annotated scanned copy]

Cf. A284116, A291067, A291780, A291781.

Asveld's Table 1 gives data about the behavior of Post's 3-shift tag system {00/1101} applied to the word (100)^n. The first column gives n, the nonzero values in column 2 give A291792, and columns 3 through 7 give A284119, 291793 (or A284121), A291794, A291795, A291796. For the corresponding data for Watanabe's 3-shift tag system {00/1011} applied to (100)^n see A292089, A292090, A292091, A292092, A292093, A292094.

a(25)-(77) from Lars Blomberg, Sep 14 2017

A292090 Preperiod (or threshold) of orbit of Watanabe's 3-shift tag system {00/1011} applied to the word (100)^n.

Original entry on oeis.org

171, 166, 11, 154, 105, 14, 57, 68, 173, 1098, 8265, 720, 1715, 130, 1979, 2024, 833, 162, 591, 6124, 59673, 748, 11631, 3200, 1453, 13740, 2947, 2202, 15101, 1268, 608049, 30758, 29903, 1076, 17547, 2888, 72231, 10154, 2321, 68916, 10965, 2276, 151785, 4678

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 10 2017

nonn

Watanabe's tag system {00/1011} maps a word w over {0,1} to w', where if w begins with 0, w' is obtained by appending 00 to w and deleting the first three letters, or if w begins with 1, w' is obtained by appending 1011 to w and deleting the first three letters.

The empty word is included in the count.

			The following is the analog of columns 3 through 7 of Asveld's Table 1.
1 [171, 6, 56, 59, 138]
2 [166, 6, 56, 59, 133]
3 [11, 6, 16, 17, 10]
4 [154, 6, 56, 59, 121]
5 [105, 0, 0, 31, 24]
6 [14, 518, 28, 85, 215]
7 [57, 6, 38, 41, 36]
8 [68, 518, 42, 85, 333]
9 [173, 0, 0, 49, 38]
10 [1098, 6, 34, 159, 407]
11 [8265, 0, 0, 328, 4429]
12 [720, 6, 34, 93, 343]
13 [1715, 6, 34, 93, 1338]
14 [130, 28, 82, 83, 85]
15 [1979, 6, 20, 215, 720]
16 [2024, 0, 0, 193, 1023]
17 [833, 6, 70, 121, 420]
18 [162, 34, 100, 101, 105]
19 [591, 6, 20, 109, 118]
20 [6124, 0, 0, 357, 2259]
21 [59673, 6, 20, 781, 33530]
22 [748, 0, 0, 150, 328]
23 [11631, 0, 0, 273, 6250]
24 [3200, 6, 56, 261, 1515]
...

Lars Blomberg, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..6080
Peter R. J. Asveld, On a Post's System of Tag. Bulletin of the EATCS 36 (1988), 96-102.
Lars Blomberg, Graph of the terms
Lars Blomberg, Graph of preperiod of a(2263)
Lars Blomberg, Graph of preperiod of a(2540)
Shigeru Watanabe, Periodicity of Post's normal process of tag, in Jerome Fox, ed., Proceedings of Symposium on Mathematical Theory of Automata, New York, April 1962, Polytechnic Press, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, 1963, pp. 83-99. [Annotated scanned copy]

Cf. A284116, A284119, A291067, A291780, A291781.

Asveld's Table 1 gives data about the behavior of Post's 3-shift tag system {00/1101} applied to the word (100)^n. The first column gives n, the nonzero values in column 2 give A291792, and columns 3 through 7 give A284119, 291793 (or A284121), A291794, A291795, A291796. For the corresponding data for Watanabe's 3-shift tag system {00/1011} applied to (100)^n see A292089, A292090, A292091, A292092, A292093, A292094.

From Lars Blomberg, Apr 20 2018: (Start)
Using Excel, trendlines were created for the preperiod of the Post Tag and Watanabe Tag systems as follows:
A284119: y = 8.6528*x^2.0831, R^2 = 0.478.
A292090: y = 8.5595*x^2.1033, R^2 = 0.472.
Although the error value is rather large, the curves are quite similar. (End)

a(25)-(44) from Lars Blomberg, Sep 14 2017

A292089 Numbers n such that Watanabe's 3-shift tag system {00/1011} started at the word (100)^n eventually dies (i.e., reaches the empty string).

Original entry on oeis.org

5, 9, 11, 16, 20, 22, 23, 25, 37, 38, 43, 47, 61, 64, 66, 68, 71, 82, 87, 95, 100, 115, 119, 120, 123, 126, 137, 141, 142, 143, 144, 147, 149, 153, 156, 158, 164, 165, 171, 178, 179, 183, 188, 195, 196, 201, 202, 203, 205, 206, 212, 214, 216, 218, 223, 232

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 10 2017

nonn

Watanabe's tag system {00/1011} maps a word w over {0,1} to w', where if w begins with 0, w' is obtained by appending 00 to w and deleting the first three letters, or if w begins with 1, w' is obtained by appending 1011 to w and deleting the first three letters.
These are the numbers such that A292091(n)=0.
Oct 11, 2017: Lars Blomberg has found that 872 is a member of this sequence. The word (100)^872 reaches the empty string after 72392976118788 iterations. The attached graph shows the lengths of the successive words in the trajectory. - N. J. A. Sloane, Oct 13 2017

			The following is the analog of columns 3 through 7 of Asveld's Table 1.
1 [171, 6, 56, 59, 138]
2 [166, 6, 56, 59, 133]
3 [11, 6, 16, 17, 10]
4 [154, 6, 56, 59, 121]
5 [105, 0, 0, 31, 24]
6 [14, 518, 28, 85, 215]
7 [57, 6, 38, 41, 36]
8 [68, 518, 42, 85, 333]
9 [173, 0, 0, 49, 38]
10 [1098, 6, 34, 159, 407]
11 [8265, 0, 0, 328, 4429]
12 [720, 6, 34, 93, 343]
13 [1715, 6, 34, 93, 1338]
14 [130, 28, 82, 83, 85]
15 [1979, 6, 20, 215, 720]
16 [2024, 0, 0, 193, 1023]
17 [833, 6, 70, 121, 420]
18 [162, 34, 100, 101, 105]
19 [591, 6, 20, 109, 118]
20 [6124, 0, 0, 357, 2259]
21 [59673, 6, 20, 781, 33530]
22 [748, 0, 0, 150, 328]
23 [11631, 0, 0, 273, 6250]
24 [3200, 6, 56, 261, 1515]
...

Lars Blomberg, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1440
Peter R. J. Asveld, On a Post's System of Tag. Bulletin of the EATCS 36 (1988), 96-102.
Lars Blomberg, Lengths of words in the trajectory of (100)^872
N. J. A. Sloane, Maple code for A291792, A284119, A291793, A284121, A291794, A291795, A291796, A292089, A292090, A292091, A292092, A292093, A292094.
Shigeru Watanabe, Periodicity of Post's normal process of tag, in Jerome Fox, ed., Proceedings of Symposium on Mathematical Theory of Automata, New York, April 1962, Polytechnic Press, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, 1963, pp. 83-99. [Annotated scanned copy]

Cf. A284116, A291067, A291780, A291781.

a(8)-(18) from Lars Blomberg, Sep 14 2017

a(19) and beyond from Lars Blomberg, Apr 20 2018

A292093 Consider Watanabe's 3-shift tag system {00/1011} applied to the word (100)^n; a(n) = length of the longest word in the orbit, or -1 if the orbit is unbounded.

Original entry on oeis.org

59, 59, 17, 59, 31, 85, 41, 85, 49, 159, 328, 93, 93, 83, 215, 193, 121, 101, 109, 357, 781, 150, 273, 261, 171, 341, 182, 229, 551, 187, 2627, 593, 503, 187, 400, 261, 1369, 371, 226, 1045, 374, 280, 849, 375, 437, 255, 667, 365, 291, 2972, 463, 905, 631, 405

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 10 2017

nonn

The empty word is included in the count.

			The following is the analog of columns 3 through 7 of Asveld's Table 1.
1 [171, 6, 56, 59, 138]
2 [166, 6, 56, 59, 133]
3 [11, 6, 16, 17, 10]
4 [154, 6, 56, 59, 121]
5 [105, 0, 0, 31, 24]
6 [14, 518, 28, 85, 215]
7 [57, 6, 38, 41, 36]
8 [68, 518, 42, 85, 333]
9 [173, 0, 0, 49, 38]
10 [1098, 6, 34, 159, 407]
11 [8265, 0, 0, 328, 4429]
12 [720, 6, 34, 93, 343]
13 [1715, 6, 34, 93, 1338]
14 [130, 28, 82, 83, 85]
15 [1979, 6, 20, 215, 720]
16 [2024, 0, 0, 193, 1023]
17 [833, 6, 70, 121, 420]
18 [162, 34, 100, 101, 105]
19 [591, 6, 20, 109, 118]
20 [6124, 0, 0, 357, 2259]
21 [59673, 6, 20, 781, 33530]
22 [748, 0, 0, 150, 328]
23 [11631, 0, 0, 273, 6250]
24 [3200, 6, 56, 261, 1515]
...

Lars Blomberg, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..6080
Peter R. J. Asveld, On a Post's System of Tag. Bulletin of the EATCS 36 (1988), 96-102.
Shigeru Watanabe, Periodicity of Post's normal process of tag, in Jerome Fox, ed., Proceedings of Symposium on Mathematical Theory of Automata, New York, April 1962, Polytechnic Press, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, 1963, pp. 83-99. [Annotated scanned copy]

Cf. A284116, A291067, A291780, A291781.

Asveld's Table 1 gives data about the behavior of Post's 3-shift tag system {00/1101} applied to the word (100)^n. The first column gives n, the nonzero values in column 2 give A291792, and columns 3 through 7 give A284119, 291793 (or A284121), A291794, A291795, A291796. For the corresponding data for Watanabe's 3-shift tag system {00/1011} applied to (100)^n see A292089, A292090, A292091, A292092, A292093, A292094.

a(25)-(54) from Lars Blomberg, Sep 14 2017

A292094 Consider Watanabe's 3-shift tag system {00/1011} applied to the word (100)^n; a(n) = position of the longest word in the orbit, or -1 if the orbit is unbounded.

Original entry on oeis.org

138, 133, 10, 121, 24, 215, 36, 333, 38, 407, 4429, 343, 1338, 85, 720, 1023, 420, 105, 118, 2259, 33530, 328, 6250, 1515, 370, 9729, 2059, 825, 6282, 309, 310620, 20089, 10014, 187, 12069, 1101, 21756, 2359, 1253, 53811, 7277, 598, 103772, 1275, 5584, 269

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 10 2017

nonn

The empty word is included in the count.

			The following is the analog of columns 3 through 7 of Asveld's Table 1.
1 [171, 6, 56, 59, 138]
2 [166, 6, 56, 59, 133]
3 [11, 6, 16, 17, 10]
4 [154, 6, 56, 59, 121]
5 [105, 0, 0, 31, 24]
6 [14, 518, 28, 85, 215]
7 [57, 6, 38, 41, 36]
8 [68, 518, 42, 85, 333]
9 [173, 0, 0, 49, 38]
10 [1098, 6, 34, 159, 407]
11 [8265, 0, 0, 328, 4429]
12 [720, 6, 34, 93, 343]
13 [1715, 6, 34, 93, 1338]
14 [130, 28, 82, 83, 85]
15 [1979, 6, 20, 215, 720]
16 [2024, 0, 0, 193, 1023]
17 [833, 6, 70, 121, 420]
18 [162, 34, 100, 101, 105]
19 [591, 6, 20, 109, 118]
20 [6124, 0, 0, 357, 2259]
21 [59673, 6, 20, 781, 33530]
22 [748, 0, 0, 150, 328]
23 [11631, 0, 0, 273, 6250]
24 [3200, 6, 56, 261, 1515]
...

Lars Blomberg, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..6080
Peter R. J. Asveld, On a Post's System of Tag. Bulletin of the EATCS 36 (1988), 96-102.
Shigeru Watanabe, Periodicity of Post's normal process of tag, in Jerome Fox, ed., Proceedings of Symposium on Mathematical Theory of Automata, New York, April 1962, Polytechnic Press, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, 1963, pp. 83-99. [Annotated scanned copy]

Cf. A284116, A291067, A291780, A291781.

Asveld's Table 1 gives data about the behavior of Post's 3-shift tag system {00/1101} applied to the word (100)^n. The first column gives n, the nonzero values in column 2 give A291792, and columns 3 through 7 give A284119, 291793 (or A284121), A291794, A291795, A291796. For the corresponding data for Watanabe's 3-shift tag system {00/1011} applied to (100)^n see A292089, A292090, A292091, A292092, A292093, A292094.

a(25)-(46) from Lars Blomberg, Sep 14 2017

cp's OEIS Frontend

A291792 Numbers m such that Post's tag system started at the word (100)^m eventually dies (i.e., reaches the empty string).

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A292091 Period of orbit of Watanabe's 3-shift tag system {00/1011} applied to the word (100)^n.

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A292090 Preperiod (or threshold) of orbit of Watanabe's 3-shift tag system {00/1011} applied to the word (100)^n.

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A292089 Numbers n such that Watanabe's 3-shift tag system {00/1011} started at the word (100)^n eventually dies (i.e., reaches the empty string).

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A292093 Consider Watanabe's 3-shift tag system {00/1011} applied to the word (100)^n; a(n) = length of the longest word in the orbit, or -1 if the orbit is unbounded.

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A292094 Consider Watanabe's 3-shift tag system {00/1011} applied to the word (100)^n; a(n) = position of the longest word in the orbit, or -1 if the orbit is unbounded.

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