A302920 Number of ways to write prime(n)^2 as x^2 + 2*y^2 + 3*2^z with x,y,z nonnegative integers.

1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 3, 7, 6, 7, 6, 7, 8, 8, 7, 7, 6, 5, 7, 6, 8, 6, 8, 7, 9, 9, 7, 6, 6, 9, 7, 5, 8, 5, 9, 9, 10, 10, 9, 14, 7, 5, 11, 8, 8, 11, 10, 10, 12, 10, 6, 12, 11, 10, 8, 9, 10, 11, 8, 7, 15, 5, 11, 8, 14, 10, 7, 10

Offset: 1

Author

Zhi-Wei Sun, Apr 15 2018

Keywords

• nonn

Comments

Conjecture: a(n) > 0 for all n > 0. In other words, for any prime p there are nonnegative integers x, y and z such that x^2 + 2*y^2 + 3*2^z = p^2.

As mentioned in A301471, for the composite number m = 5884015571 = 7*17*49445509 there are no nonnegative integers x,y,z such that x^2 + 2*y^2 + 3*2^z = m^2.

Examples

			a(1) = 1 with prime(1)^2 = 4 = 1^2 + 2*0^2 + 3*2^0.
a(2) = 2 with prime(2)^2 = 9 = 2^2 + 2*1^2 + 3*2^0 = 1^2 + 2*1^2 + 3*2^1.
		

Links

• Zhi-Wei Sun, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..6000
• Zhi-Wei Sun, Refining Lagrange's four-square theorem, J. Number Theory 175(2017), 167-190.
• Zhi-Wei Sun, Restricted sums of four squares, arXiv:1701.05868 [math.NT], 2017-2018.

Crossrefs

Cf. A000040, A000079, A000290, A002479, A299924, A299537, A299794, A300219, A300362, A300396, A300510, A301376, A301391, A301452, A301471, A301472.

Programs

Mathematica

p[n_]:=p[n]=Prime[n];
SQ[n_]:=SQ[n]=IntegerQ[Sqrt[n]];
f[n_]:=f[n]=FactorInteger[n];
g[n_]:=g[n]=Sum[Boole[(Mod[Part[Part[f[n],i],1],8]==5||Mod[Part[Part[f[n],i],1],8]==7)&&Mod[Part[Part[f[n],i],2],2]==1],{i,1,Length[f[n]]}]==0;
QQ[n_]:=QQ[n]=(n==0)||(n>0&&g[n]);
tab={};Do[r=0;Do[If[QQ[p[n]^2-3*2^k],Do[If[SQ[p[n]^2-3*2^k-2x^2],r=r+1],{x,0,Sqrt[(p[n]^2-3*2^k)/2]}]],{k,0,Log[2,p[n]^2/3]}];tab=Append[tab,r],{n,1,70}];Print[tab]