A308802 Primes p such that A001177(p) = (p-1)/9.

199, 919, 6679, 12979, 17011, 17659, 20431, 23059, 23599, 24391, 24859, 39079, 39439, 43399, 48619, 53479, 54091, 62011, 62191, 67411, 69499, 72019, 72091, 77419, 81019, 82279, 91099, 91459, 92179, 97579, 98731, 102259, 103231, 105211, 108271, 111439, 114679, 125119

Offset: 1

Author

Jianing Song, Jun 25 2019

Keywords

• nonn

Comments

Primes p such that ord(-(3+sqrt(5))/2,p) = (p-1)/9, where ord(z,p) is the smallest integer k > 0 such that (z^k-1)/p is an algebraic integer.

Let {T(n)} be a sequence defined by T(0) = 0, T(1) = 1, T(n) = k*T(n-1) + T(n-2), K be the quadratic field Q[sqrt(k^2+4)], O_K be the ring of integer of K, u = (k+sqrt(k^2+4))/2. For a prime p not dividing k^2 + 4, the Pisano period of {T(n)} modulo p (that is, the smallest m > 0 such that T(n+m) == T(n) (mod p) for all n) is ord(u,p); the entry point of {T(n)} modulo p (that is, the smallest m > 0 such that T(m) == 0 (mod p)) is ord(-u^2,p).

For an odd prime p:

(a) if p decomposes in K, then (O_K/pO_K)* (the multiplicative group of O_K modulo p) is congruent to C_(p-1) X C_(p-1), so the entry point of {T(n)} modulo p is equal to (p-1)/s, s = 1, 2, 3, 4, ...;

(b) if p is inert in K, then u^(p+1) == -1 (mod p), (-u^2)^(p+1) == 1 (mod p), so the entry point of {T(n)} modulo p is equal to (p+1)/s, s = 1, 2, 3, 4, ...

Here k = 1, and this sequence gives primes such that (a) holds and s = 9. For odd s, all terms are congruent to 3 modulo 4.

Number of terms below 10^N:

N | Number | Decomposing primes*

3 | 2 | 78

4 | 3 | 609

5 | 31 | 4777

6 | 274 | 39210

7 | 2293 | 332136

8 | 20097 | 2880484

* Here "Decomposing primes" means primes such that Legendre(5,p) = 1, i.e., p == 1, 4 (mod 5).

Crossrefs

Similar sequences that give primes such that (a) holds: A106535 (s=1), A308795 (s=2), A308796 (s=3), A308797 (s=4), A308798 (s=5), A308799 (s=6), A308800 (s=7), A308801 (s=8), this sequence (s=9).

Programs

Mathematica

pn[n_] := For[k = 1, True, k++, If[Mod[Fibonacci[k], n] == 0, Return[k]]];
Reap[For[p = 2, p < 50000, p = NextPrime[p], If[Mod[p, 9] == 1, If[pn[p] == (p - 1)/9, Print[p]; Sow[p]]]]][[2, 1]] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 05 2019 *)

PARI

Entry_for_decomposing_prime(p) = my(k=1, M=[k, 1; 1, 0]); if(isprime(p)&&kronecker(k^2+4,p)==1, my(v=divisors(p-1)); for(d=1, #v, if((Mod(M,p)^v[d])[2,1]==0, return(v[d]))))
forprime(p=2, 126000, if(Entry_for_decomposing_prime(p)==(p-1)/9, print1(p, ", ")))