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A320934 Number of chiral pairs of color patterns (set partitions) for a row of length n using 4 or fewer colors (subsets).

%I A320934 #21 Feb 28 2019 19:58:35
%S A320934 0,0,1,4,20,80,336,1344,5440,21760,87296,349184,1397760,5591040,
%T A320934 22368256,89473024,357908480,1431633920,5726601216,22906404864,
%U A320934 91625881600,366503526400,1466015154176,5864060616704,23456246661120,93824986644480,375299963355136,1501199853420544,6004799480791040
%N A320934 Number of chiral pairs of color patterns (set partitions) for a row of length n using 4 or fewer colors (subsets).
%C A320934 Two color patterns are equivalent if the colors are permuted.
%C A320934 A chiral row is not equivalent to its reverse.
%C A320934 There are nonrecursive formulas, generating functions, and computer programs for A124303 and A305750, which can be used in conjunction with the first formula.
%H A320934 <a href="/index/Rec#order_03">Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients</a>, signature (4,4,-16).
%F A320934 a(n) = (A124303(n) - A305750(n))/2.
%F A320934 a(n) = A124303(n) - A056323(n).
%F A320934 a(n) = A056323(n) - A305750(n).
%F A320934 a(n) = A122746(n-2) + A320526(n) + A320527(n).
%F A320934 a(n) = Sum_{j=1..k} (S2(n,j) - Ach(n,j)) / 2, where k=4 is the maximum number of colors, S2 is the Stirling subset number A008277, and Ach(n,k) = [n>=0 & n<2 & n==k] + [n>1]*(k*Ach(n-2,k) + Ach(n-2,k-1) + Ach(n-2,k-2)).
%F A320934 a(2*m) = (16^m - 4*4^m)/48.
%F A320934 a(2*m-1) = (16^m - 4*4^m)/192.
%F A320934 a(n) = (4^n - 4^floor(n/2+1))/48.
%F A320934 G.f.: x^2/((-1 + 4*x)*(-1 + 4*x^2)). - _Stefano Spezia_, Oct 29 2018
%F A320934 a(n) = 2^n*(2^n - (-1)^n - 3)/48. - _Bruno Berselli_, Oct 31 2018
%e A320934 For a(4)=4, the chiral pairs are AAAB-ABBB, AABA-ABAA, AABC-ABCC, and ABAC-ABCB.
%t A320934 Table[(4^n - 4^Floor[n/2+1])/48, {n, 40}] (* or *)
%t A320934 LinearRecurrence[{4, 4, -16}, {0, 0, 1}, 40] (* or *)
%t A320934 Ach[n_, k_] := Ach[n, k] = If[n<2, Boole[n==k && n>=0], k Ach[n-2,k] + Ach[n-2,k-1] + Ach[n-2,k-2]] (* A304972 *)
%t A320934 k=4; Table[Sum[StirlingS2[n,j]-Ach[n,j],{j,k}]/2,{n,40}]
%t A320934 CoefficientList[Series[x^2/((-1 + 4 x) (-1 + 4 x^2)), {x, 0, 50}], x] (* _Stefano Spezia_, Oct 29 2018 *)
%Y A320934 Column 4 of A320751.
%Y A320934 Cf. A124303 (oriented), A056323 (unoriented), A305750 (achiral).
%K A320934 nonn,easy
%O A320934 1,4
%A A320934 _Robert A. Russell_, Oct 27 2018