A323649 -id:A323649 - cp's OEIS frontend

A323650 Flower garden sequence (see Comments for precise definition).

0, 1, 3, 7, 15, 19, 27, 39, 63, 67, 75, 87, 111, 123, 147, 183, 255, 259, 267, 279, 303, 315, 339, 375, 447, 459, 483, 519, 591, 627, 699, 807, 1023, 1027, 1035, 1047, 1071, 1083, 1107, 1143, 1215, 1227, 1251, 1287, 1359, 1395, 1467, 1575, 1791, 1803, 1827, 1863, 1935, 1971, 2043, 2151, 2367, 2403, 2475

Offset: 0

Omar E. Pol, Jan 21 2019

nonn

This arises from a hybrid cellular automaton on a triangular grid formed of I-toothpicks and V-toothpicks. Also, it appears that this is a missing link between A147562 (Ulam-Warburton) and three toothpick sequences: A139250 (normal toothpicks), A161206 (V-toothpicks) and A160120 (Y-toothpicks). The behavior resembles the toothpick sequence A139250, on the other hand, the formulas are directly related to A147562. Plot 2 shows that the graph is located between the graph of A139250 and the graph of A147562.
For the construction of the sequence the rules are as follows:
On the infinite triangular grid at stage 0 there are no toothpicks, so a(0) = 0.
At stage 1 we place an I-toothpick formed of two single toothpicks in vertical position, so a(1) = 1.
For the next n generation we have that:
If n is even then at every free end of the structure we add a V-toothpick formed of two single toothpicks such that the angle of each single toothpick with respect to the connected I-toothpick is 120 degrees.
If n is odd then we add I-toothpicks in vertical position (see the example).
a(n) gives the total number of I-toothpicks and V-toothpicks in the structure after the n-th stage.
A323651 (the first differences) gives the number of elements added at the n-th stage.
Note that 2*a(n) gives the total number of single toothpicks of length 1 after the n-th stage.
The structure contains only three kinds of polygonal regions as follows:
- Rhombuses that contain two triangular cells.
- Regular hexagons that contain six triangular cells.
- Oblong hexagons that contain 10 triangular cells.
The structure looks like a "garden of flowers with six petals" (between other substructures). In particular, after 2^(n+1) stages with n >= 0, the structure looks like a flower garden in a rectangular box which contains A002450(n) flowers with six petals.
Note that this hybrid cellular automaton is also a superstructure of the Ulam-Warburton cellular automaton (at least in four ways). The explanation is as follows:
1) A147562(n) equals the total number of I-toothpicks in the structure after 2*n - 1 stage, n >= 1.
2) A147562(n) equals the total number of pairs of Y-toothpicks connected by their endpoints in the structure after 2*n stage (see the example).
3) A147562(n) equals the total number of "flowers with six petals" (or six-pointed stars formed of six rhombuses) in the structure after 4*n stage. Note that the location of the "flowers with six petals" in the structure is essentially the same as the location of the "ON" cells in the version "one-step bishop" of A147562.
4) For more connections to A147562 see the Formula section.
The "word" of this cellular automaton is "ab". For more information about the word of cellular automata see A296612.
The total number of “flowers with six petals” after n-th stage equals the total number of “hidden crosses” after n-th stage in the toothpick structure of A139250, including the central cross (beginning to count the crosses when their “nuclei” are totally formed with 4 quadrilaterals). - Omar E. Pol, Mar 06 2019

			Illustration of initial terms:
.
                        |   |
                \ /     |\ /|
         |       |        |
         |       |        |
                / \     |/ \|
                        |   |
n        1       2        3
a(n)     1       3        7
.
Note that for n = 2 the structure is also the same as a pair of Y-toothpicks connected by their endpoints (see A160120).

Cf. A002450, A103454, A139250 (normal toothpicks), A147562 (Ulam-Warburton), A147582, A160120 (Y-toothpicks), A161206 (V-toothpicks), A296612, A323641, A323642, A323649 (corner sequence), A323651 (first differences).

For other hybrid cellular automata, see A194270, A194700, A220500, A289840, A290220, A294020, A294962, A294980, A299770.

bw3[n_]:=bw3[n]=3^(DigitCount[n,2,1]-1);
A147562[n_]:=A147562[n]=If[n<2,n,1+4Sum[bw3[k],{k,n-1}]];
A323650[n_]:=If[OddQ[n],3A147562[(n-1)/2]+A147562[n]-A147562[n-1],3A147562[n/2]];
nterms=100;Array[A323650,nterms,0] (* Paolo Xausa, Jun 17 2022 *)

a(n) = 3*A147562(n/2) if n is even.
a(n) = 3*A147562((n-1)/2) + A147582(n) if n is odd.
a(n) = 3*A147562((n-1)/2) + A147562(n) - A147562(n-1) if n is odd.
a(2^n) = A103454(n), n >= 0.

A323641 Triangle read by rows in which row n lists the first 2^n terms of A323642, n >= 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 6, 1, 2, 3, 6, 3, 6, 9, 18, 1, 2, 3, 6, 3, 6, 9, 18, 3, 6, 9, 18, 9, 18, 27, 54, 1, 2, 3, 6, 3, 6, 9, 18, 3, 6, 9, 18, 9, 18, 27, 54, 3, 6, 9, 18, 9, 18, 27, 54, 9, 18, 27, 54, 27, 54, 81, 162, 1, 2, 3, 6, 3, 6, 9, 18, 3, 6, 9, 18, 9, 18, 27, 54, 3, 6, 9, 18, 9, 18, 27, 54, 9, 18

Offset: 1

Omar E. Pol, Mar 03 2019

			Written as an irregular triangle in which the row lengths are the terms of A000079 multiplied by 2 the sequence begins:
1,2;
1,2,3,6;
1,2,3,6,3,6,9,18;
1,2,3,6,3,6,9,18,3,6,9,18,9,18,27,54;
1,2,3,6,3,6,9,18,3,6,9,18,9,18,27,54,3,6,9,18,9,18,27,54,9,18,27,54,27,54,81,162;
...
It appears that the right border gives A008776.

Cf. A000079, A008776, A139251, A147582, A323642, A323649, A323650, A323651.

a(n) = A323651(n+2)/4.

A323642 Row n of triangle A323641 when n -> infinity.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 6, 3, 6, 9, 18, 3, 6, 9, 18, 9, 18, 27, 54, 3, 6, 9, 18, 9, 18, 27, 54, 9, 18, 27, 54, 27, 54, 81, 162

Offset: 1

Omar E. Pol, Mar 03 2019

Partial sums give A323649.

Cf. A323641, A323651, A323650.

A323651 Number of elements added at n-th stage to the toothpick structure of A323650.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 4, 8, 4, 8, 12, 24, 4, 8, 12, 24, 12, 24, 36, 72, 4, 8, 12, 24, 12, 24, 36, 72, 12, 24, 36, 72, 36, 72, 108, 216, 4, 8, 12, 24, 12, 24, 36, 72, 12, 24, 36, 72, 36, 72, 108, 216, 12, 24, 36, 72, 36, 72, 108, 216, 36, 72, 108, 216, 108, 216, 324, 648, 4, 8, 12, 24, 12, 24, 36, 72, 12, 24, 36, 72, 36, 72, 108, 216

Offset: 1

Omar E. Pol, Feb 04 2019

nonn

The odd-indexed terms (a bisection) gives A147582, the first differences of A147562 (Ulam-Warburton cellular automaton).
The even-indexed terms (a bisection) gives A147582 multiplied by 2.
The word of this cellular automaton is "ab", so the structure of the irregular triangle is as shown below:
a,b;
a,b;
a,b,a,b;
a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b;
a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b;
...
Row lengths are the terms of A011782 multiplied by 2, also the column 2 of A296612.
Columns "a" contain numbers of I-toothpicks. Columns "b" contain numbers of V-toothpicks. See the example.
For further information about the word of cellular automata see A296612.

			Written as an irregular triangle the sequence begins:
1,2;
4,8;
4,8,12,24;
4,8,12,24,12,24,36,72;
4,8,12,24,12,24,36,72,12,24,36,72,36,72,108,216;
4,8,12,24,12,24,36,72,12,24,36,72,36,72,108,216,12,24,36,72,36,72,108,216,...
...

First differences of A323650.
Cf. A011782, A139250, A139251, A147562, A147582, A160120, A160121, A161206, A161207, A296612, A323641, A323642, A323649.
For other hybrid cellular automata, see A194701, A194271, A220501, A290221, A294021, A294981.

a(2n-1) = A147582(n).
a(2n) = 2*A147582(n).
a(n) = 4*A323641(n-2), n >= 3.

A327331 Number of elements added at n-th stage to the toothpick structure of A327330.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 4, 4, 4, 8, 10, 8, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, 22, 22, 16, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, 22, 22, 20, 14, 24, 28, 34, 42, 60, 48, 36, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, 22, 22, 20, 14, 24, 28, 34, 42, 60, 48, 40, 18, 28, 34, 46, 50, 58, 50, 48, 40, 68, 76, 84, 108, 156, 100, 76, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, 22, 22, 20, 14, 24, 28, 34, 42, 60, 48, 40

Offset: 1

Omar E. Pol, Sep 01 2019

The word of this cellular automaton is "ab".
The structure of the irregular triangle is as shown below:
a,b;
a,b;
a,b,a,b;
a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b;
a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b;
...
Row lengths are the terms of A011782 multiplied by 2, also the column 2 of A296612.
Columns "a" contain numbers of I-toothpicks.
Columns "b" contain numbers of V-toothpicks.
For further information about the word of cellular automata see A296612.

			Triangle begins:
1,2;
4,4;
4,8,10,8;
4,8,10,12,14,22,22,16;
4,8,10,12,14,22,22,20,14,24,28,34,42,60,48,36;
4,8,10,12,14,22,22,20,14,24,28,34,42,60,48,40,18,28,34,46,50,58,50,48,40,68,...

First differences of A327330.
Column 1 gives A123932.
First differs from A231348 at a(11).
Cf. A011782, A139250, A139251, A160120, A160121, A161206, A161207, A296612, A323641, A323642, A323649, A327333 (similar triangle).
For other hybrid cellular automata, see A194271, A194701, A220501, A289841, A290221, A294021, A294963, A294981, A299771, A323647, A323651.

A327333 Number of elements added at n-th stage to the toothpick structure of A327332.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 4, 4, 4, 6, 12, 8, 4, 6, 12, 12, 10, 16, 32, 16, 4, 6, 12, 12, 10, 16, 32, 20, 12, 18, 36, 36, 26, 42, 84, 32, 4, 6, 12, 12, 10, 16, 32, 20, 12, 18, 36, 36, 26, 42, 84, 40, 16, 24, 48, 44, 24, 40, 80, 48, 32, 48, 96, 96, 64, 104, 208, 64, 4, 6, 12, 12, 10, 16, 32, 20, 12, 18, 36, 36, 26, 42, 84, 40

Offset: 1

Omar E. Pol, Sep 01 2019

The word of this cellular automaton is "ab".
The structure of the irregular triangle is as shown below:
a,b;
a,b;
a,b,a,b;
a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b;
a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b,a,b;
...
Row lengths are the terms of A011782 multiplied by 2, also the column 2 of A296612.
Columns "a" contain numbers of V-toothpicks. Columns "b" contain numbers of I-toothpicks. See the example.
For further information about the word of cellular automata see A296612.

			Triangle begins:
1,2;
4,4;
4,6,12,8;
4,6,12,12,10,16,32,16;
4,6,12,12,10,16,32,20,12,18,36,36,26,42,84,32;
4,6,12,12,10,16,32,20,12,18,36,36,26,42,84,40,16,24,48,44,24,40,80,48,32,48,...
It appears that right border gives the even powers of 2.

First differences of A327332.
Column 1 gives A123932.
Cf. A011782, A139250, A139251, A160120, A160121, A161206, A161207, A296612, A323641, A323642, A323649, A327331 (similar triangle).
For other hybrid cellular automata, see A194271, A194701, A220501, A289841, A290221, A294021, A294963, A294981, A299771, A323647, A323651.

cp's OEIS Frontend

A323650 Flower garden sequence (see Comments for precise definition).

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A323641 Triangle read by rows in which row n lists the first 2^n terms of A323642, n >= 1.

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A323642 Row n of triangle A323641 when n -> infinity.

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A323651 Number of elements added at n-th stage to the toothpick structure of A323650.

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A327331 Number of elements added at n-th stage to the toothpick structure of A327330.

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A327333 Number of elements added at n-th stage to the toothpick structure of A327332.

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