A332028 -id:A332028 - cp's OEIS frontend

A332026 Savannah problem: number of new possibilities after n weeks.

3, 4, 3, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 7, 6, 6, 6, 6, 8, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 9, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 10, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 11, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 12, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 13, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12

Offset: 1

Jan Ritsema van Eck and Ali Sada, Feb 05 2020

nonn

The Savannah math problem (Ali Sada, 26 Dec 2019 email to Seqfan list) is about a savannah ecosystem consisting of zebras, fed lions and hungry lions. Assume we start with an empty savannah. Each week, the following things happen in this order:
1. All hungry lions (if any) die.
2. All fed lions (if any) become hungry.
3. One animal enters the savannah. This can be a zebra, a fed lion or a hungry lion.
4. Let m = min(number of zebras, number of hungry lions); then m hungry lions eat m zebras and become m fed lions.
The Savannah math problem is to determine how many distinct populations are possible after n weeks.
After step 4, there are either zero zebras or zero hungry lions (or both). Therefore, all possible populations can be positioned in a two-dimensional table, with the number of zebras on the positive part of one axis, the number of hungry lions on the negative part of the same axis and the total number of lions on the other axis (thus, a hungry lion is a lion with a deficit of one zebra). Tabulating the minimum number of weeks in which each population can occur, we get:
zebras
   8 |   8    9   11   14   18
   7 |   7    8   10   13   17
   6 |   6    7    9   12   16
   5 |   5    6    8   11   15
   4 |   4    5    7   10   14
   3 |   3    4    6    9   13
   2 |   2    3    5    8   12
   1 |   1    2    4    7   11
   0 |   0    1    3    6   10
  -1 |        1    2    5    9
  -2 |             2    4    8
  -3 |                  4    7
  -4 |                       7
     +------------------------------
         0    1    2    3    4 lions
A(n) is the number of n's in a sufficiently large version of this table.
The row for Z=0 is equal to the sequence of triangular numbers (A000217).
The number of columns with new entries in week n is the integer inverse of triangular number (A002024) plus 1. The number of new entries in week n is usually the number of columns, except when n is a triangular number plus 1; then a new column is started and the number of new entries is the number of columns plus 1.

			After one week, there are 3 possible populations, depending on which animal entered the savannah: one zebra (Z), one fed lion (F), one hungry lion (H). After two weeks, from Z we get: 2Z, ZF, and (ZH->) F; from F (which becomes H in the second step) we get: (ZH->) F, FH and 2H. From H (which becomes the empty set in the first step): Z, F and H. Overall, there are 4 new possible populations that were not possible after the first week: 2Z, ZF, FH, and 2H.

Cf. A002024, A010054.

See A332027 and A332028 for the total number of possibilities.

from math import isqrt
from sympy.ntheory.primetest import is_square
def A332026(n): return (isqrt(m:=n<<3)+1>>1)+is_square(m-7)+1 # Chai Wah Wu, Jun 07 2025

a(n) = A002024(n) + A010054(n) + 1.

A332027 Savannah problem: number of distinct possible populations after n weeks, allowing populations after the empty set.

Original entry on oeis.org

3, 7, 10, 15, 19, 23, 29, 34, 39, 44, 51, 57, 63, 69, 75, 83, 90, 97, 104, 111, 118, 127, 135, 143, 151, 159, 167, 175, 185, 194, 203, 212, 221, 230, 239, 248, 259, 269, 279, 289, 299, 309, 319, 329, 339, 351, 362, 373, 384

Offset: 1

Jan Ritsema van Eck and Ali Sada, Feb 05 2020

nonn

The Savannah math problem (Ali Sada, 26 Dec 2019 email to Seqfan list) is about a savannah ecosystem consisting of zebras, fed lions and hungry lions. Assume we start with an empty savannah. Each week, the following things happen in this order:
1. All hungry lions (if any) die.
2. All fed lions (if any) become hungry.
3. One animal enters the savannah. This can be a zebra, a fed lion or a hungry lion.
4. Let m = min (number of zebras, number of hungry lions); then m hungry lions eat m zebras and become m fed lions.
The Savannah math problem is to determine how many distinct populations are possible after n weeks. There are two versions. This sequence gives the number of possible populations if continuation from the empty set is allowed (see A332028 for the other version).
Since the three 1-animal populations (1 zebra, 1 fed lion and 1 hungry lion) can be reached directly from 1 hungry lion (via the empty set), they will be possible every week. Since all other possible populations are reached via one of these, any population that is possible in week n is also possible in week n+1. Therefore, the total number of possible populations in week n is the sum of all new populations in weeks 1 through n: A(n) is the partial sum of A332026.

			After one week, there are 3 possible populations, depending on which animal entered the savannah: one zebra (Z), one fed lion (F), one hungry lion (H). After two weeks, we have from Z: 2Z, ZF, and (ZH->) F; from F (which becomes H in the second step): (ZH->) F, FH and 2H; and from H (which becomes the empty set in the first step): Z, F and H. Overall, there are 7 distinct possible populations after the second week: 2Z, ZF, Z, FH, F, 2H and H.

Cf. A002024, A332026, A060432, A332028.

from math import isqrt
def A332027(n): return (k:=(r:=isqrt(m:=n+1<<1))+int((m<<2)>(r<<2)*(r+1)+1)-1)*(6*n-2-k*(k+3))//6+(isqrt(n<<3)+1>>1)+(n<<1) # Chai Wah Wu, Jun 07 2025

a(n) = A060432(n) + A002024(n) + n.

cp's OEIS Frontend

A332026 Savannah problem: number of new possibilities after n weeks.

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