A091727 Norms of prime ideals of Z[sqrt(-5)].

2, 3, 5, 7, 23, 29, 41, 43, 47, 61, 67, 83, 89, 101, 103, 107, 109, 121, 127, 149, 163, 167, 169, 181, 223, 227, 229, 241, 263, 269, 281, 283, 289, 307, 347, 349, 361, 367, 383, 389, 401, 409, 421, 443, 449, 461, 463, 467, 487

Offset: 1

Author

Paul Boddington, Feb 02 2004

Keywords

• easy
• nonn

Comments

Consists of primes congruent to 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9 (mod 20) together with the squares of all other primes.

From Jianing Song, Feb 20 2021: (Start)

The norm of a nonzero ideal I in a ring R is defined as the size of the quotient ring R/I.

Note that Z[sqrt(-5)] has class number 2.

For primes p == 1, 9 (mod 20), there are two distinct ideals with norm p in Z[sqrt(-5)], namely (x + y*sqrt(-5)) and (x - y*sqrt(-5)), where (x,y) is a solution to x^2 + 5*y^2 = p.

For p == 3, 7 (mod 20), there are also two distinct ideals with norm p, namely (p, x+y*sqrt(-5)) and (p, x-y*sqrt(-5)), where (x,y) is a solution to x^2 + 5*y^2 = p^2 with y != 0; (2, 1+sqrt(-5)) and (sqrt(-5)) are respectively the unique ideal with norm 2 and 5.

For p == 11, 13, 17, 19 (mod 20), (p) is the only ideal with norm p^2. (End)

Examples

			From _Jianing Song_, Feb 20 2021: (Start)
Let |I| be the norm of an ideal I, then:
|(2, 1+sqrt(-5))| = 2;
|(3, 2+sqrt(-5))| = |(3, 2-sqrt(-5))| = 3;
|(sqrt(-5))| = 5;
|(7, 1+3*sqrt(-5))| = |(7, 1-3*sqrt(-5))| = 7;
|(23, 22+3*sqrt(-5))| = |(23, 22-3*sqrt(-5))| = 23;
|(3 + 2*sqrt(-5))| = |(3 - 2*sqrt(-5))| = 29;
|(6 + sqrt(-5))| = |(6 - sqrt(-5))| = 41. (End)
		

References

• David A. Cox, Primes of the form x^2+ny^2, Wiley, 1989.
• A. Frohlich and M. J. Taylor, Algebraic number theory, Cambridge university press, 1991.

Links

• Jianing Song, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000

Crossrefs

Cf. A091728.

Cf. A289741, A033205, A106865, A139513, A003626.

The number of distinct ideals with norm n is given by A035170.

Norms of prime ideals in O_K, where K is the quadratic field with discriminant D and O_K be the ring of integers of K: A055673 (D=8), A341783 (D=5), A055664 (D=-3), A055025 (D=-4), A090348 (D=-7), A341784 (D=-8), A341785 (D=-11), A341786 (D=-15*), A341787 (D=-19), this sequence (D=-20*), A341788 (D=-43), A341789 (D=-67), A341790 (D=-163). Here a "*" indicates the cases where O_K is not a unique factorization domain.

Programs

PARI

isA091727(n) = { my(ms = [1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9], p, e=isprimepower(n,&p)); if(!e || e>2, 0, bitxor(e-1,!!vecsearch(ms,p%20))); }; \\ Antti Karttunen, Feb 24 2020

Extensions

Offset corrected by Jianing Song, Feb 20 2021