A099173 Array, A(k,n), read by diagonals: g.f. of k-th row x/(1-2*x-(k-1)*x^2).

0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 4, 4, 0, 1, 2, 5, 8, 5, 0, 1, 2, 6, 12, 16, 6, 0, 1, 2, 7, 16, 29, 32, 7, 0, 1, 2, 8, 20, 44, 70, 64, 8, 0, 1, 2, 9, 24, 61, 120, 169, 128, 9, 0, 1, 2, 10, 28, 80, 182, 328, 408, 256, 10, 0, 1, 2, 11, 32, 101, 256, 547, 896, 985, 512, 11

Offset: 0

Author

Ralf Stephan, Oct 13 2004

Keywords

• nonn
• tabl

Examples

			Square array, A(n, k), begins as:
  0, 1, 2,  3,  4,   5,    6,    7,     8, ... A001477;
  0, 1, 2,  4,  8,  16,   32,   64,   128, ... A000079;
  0, 1, 2,  5, 12,  29,   70,  169,   408, ... A000129;
  0, 1, 2,  6, 16,  44,  120,  328,   896, ... A002605;
  0, 1, 2,  7, 20,  61,  182,  547,  1640, ... A015518;
  0, 1, 2,  8, 24,  80,  256,  832,  2688, ... A063727;
  0, 1, 2,  9, 28, 101,  342, 1189,  4088, ... A002532;
  0, 1, 2, 10, 32, 124,  440, 1624,  5888, ... A083099;
  0, 1, 2, 11, 36, 149,  550, 2143,  8136, ... A015519;
  0, 1, 2, 12, 40, 176,  672, 2752, 10880, ... A003683;
  0, 1, 2, 13, 44, 205,  806, 3457, 14168, ... A002534;
  0, 1, 2, 14, 48, 236,  952, 4264, 18048, ... A083102;
  0, 1, 2, 15, 52, 269, 1110, 5179, 22568, ... A015520;
  0, 1, 2, 16, 56, 304, 1280, 6208, 27776, ... A091914;
Antidiagonal triangle, T(n, k), begins as:
  0;
  0,  1;
  0,  1,  2;
  0,  1,  2,  3;
  0,  1,  2,  4,  4;
  0,  1,  2,  5,  8,  5;
  0,  1,  2,  6, 12, 16,   6;
  0,  1,  2,  7, 16, 29,  32,   7;
  0,  1,  2,  8, 20, 44,  70,  64,   8;
  0,  1,  2,  9, 24, 61, 120, 169, 128,   9;
  0,  1,  2, 10, 28, 80, 182, 328, 408, 256,  10;
		

Links

• G. C. Greubel, Antidiagonals n = 0..50, flattened
• Ralf Stephan, Prove or disprove. 100 Conjectures from the OEIS, #16, arXiv:math/0409509 [math.CO], 2004.

Crossrefs

Rows m: A001477 (m=0), A000079 (m=1), A000129 (m=2), A002605 (m=3), A015518 (m=4), A063727 (m=5), A002532 (m=6), A083099 (m=7), A015519 (m=8), A003683 (m=9), A002534 (m=10), A083102 (m=11), A015520 (m=12), A091914 (m=13).

Columns q: A000004 (q=0), A000012 (q=1), A009056 (q=2), A008586 (q=3).

Main diagonal gives A357502.

Programs

Magma

A099173:= func< n,k | (&+[n^j*Binomial(k,2*j+1): j in [0..Floor(k/2)]]) >;
[A099173(n,k): k in [0..n], n in [0..12]]; // G. C. Greubel, Feb 17 2023

Mathematica

A[k_, n_]:= Which[k==0, n, n==0, 0, True, ((1+Sqrt[k])^n - (1-Sqrt[k])^n)/(2 Sqrt[k])]; Table[A[k-n, n]//Simplify, {k, 0, 12}, {n, 0, k}]//Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Jan 21 2019 *)

PARI

A(k,n)=sum(i=0,n\2,k^i*binomial(n,2*i+1))

SageMath

def A099173(n,k): return sum( n^j*binomial(k, 2*j+1) for j in range((k//2)+1) )
flatten([[A099173(n,k) for k in range(n+1)] for n in range(13)]) # G. C. Greubel, Feb 17 2023

Formula

A(n, k) = Sum_{i=0..floor(k/2)} n^i * C(k, 2*i+1) (array).

Recurrence: A(n, k) = 2*A(n, k-1) + (n-1)*A(n, k-2), with A(n, 0) = 0, A(n, 1) = 1.

T(n, k) = A(n-k, k) (antidiagonal triangle).

T(2*n, n) = A357502(n).

A(n, k) = ((1+sqrt(n))^k - (1-sqrt(n))^k)/(2*sqrt(n)). - Jean-François Alcover, Jan 21 2019