A103306 Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = number of k-subsets of the n-th roots of 1 that add to zero (0 <= k <= n).

1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 2, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 3, 2, 3, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 4, 0, 6, 0, 4, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 5, 0, 10, 2, 10, 0, 5, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 6, 4, 15, 12, 24, 12, 15, 4, 6, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0

Offset: 0

Author

Wouter Meeussen, Mar 11 2005

Keywords

• nonn
• tabl

Comments

Observe that T(n,k) = binomial(n,k) (mod n). Because the sum of the n n-th roots of unity is 0 for n>1, each row is symmetric for n>1. Hence only k=0..floor(n/2) need to be computed. - T. D. Noe, Jan 16 2008

Examples

			Triangle begins:
{1},
{1, 0},
{1, 0, 1},
{1, 0, 0, 1},
{1, 0, 2, 0, 1},
{1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1},
{1, 0, 3, 2, 3, 0, 1},
{1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1},
{1, 0, 4, 0, 6, 0, 4, 0, 1},
{1, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 1},
T(10,4)=10, counting {1,2,6,7}, {1,3,6,8}, {1,4,6,9}, {1,5,6,10}, {2,3,7,8}, {2,4,7,9}, {2,5,7,10}, {3,4,8,9}, {3,5,8,10}, {4,5,9,10}.
		

Links

• Wouter Meeussen and T. D. Noe, Rows n=0..43 of triangle, flattened
• Wouter Meeussen, More terms
• Gary Sivek, On vanishing sums of distinct roots of unity, #A31, Integers 10 (2010), 365-368.

Crossrefs

Row sums give A103314.

Cf. A070894, A322366.

Programs

Mathematica

< n/2 >= 1}}, Count[Subsets[Range[n], {k}], subset_/;PossibleZeroQ[ExpToTrig[Sum[Exp[2*Pi*I*m/n], {m, subset}]]]]]; Table[T[n, k], {n, 0, 12}, {k, 0, n}] // TableForm (* David M. Zimmerman, Sep 23 2020 *)