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This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

A214306 Triangle with entry a(n,m) giving the total number of bracelets of n beads (D_n symmetry) with n colors available for each bead, but only m distinct colors present, with m from {1, 2, ..., n} and n >= 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 1, 3, 6, 1, 4, 24, 24, 3, 5, 60, 180, 120, 12, 6, 165, 1120, 2040, 900, 60, 7, 336, 5145, 21420, 25200, 7560, 360, 8, 784, 23016, 183330, 442680, 335160, 70560, 2520, 9, 1584, 91056, 1320480, 5846400, 8890560, 4656960, 725760, 20160, 10
Offset: 1

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Author

Wolfdieter Lang, Jul 20 2012

Keywords

Comments

This triangle is obtained from the array A213941 by summing in row n, for n >= 1, all entries related to partitions of n with the same number of parts m.
a(n,m) is the total number of necklaces of n beads (dihedral D_n symmetry) corresponding to all the color multinomials obtained from all p(n,m) = A008284(n,m) partitions of n with m parts, written in nonincreasing form, by 'exponentiation'. Therefore only m from the available n colors are present, and a(n,m) gives the number of bracelets with n beads with only m of the n available colors present, for m from 1,2,...,n, and n >= 1. All of the possible color assignments are counted.
See the comments on A212359 for the Abramowitz-Stegun (A-St) order of partitions, and the 'exponentiation' to obtain multisets, used to encode color multinomials, from partitions. See a link in A213938 for representative multisets for given signature used to define color multinomials.
The row sums of this triangle coincide with the ones of array A213941, and they are given by A081721.

Examples

			n\m 1    2     3       4       5       8       7      8     9
1   1
2   2    1
3   3    6     1
4   4   24    24       3
5   5   60   180     120      12
6   6  165  1120    2040     900     60
7   7  336  5145   21420   25200   7560      360
8   8  784 23016  183330  442680  33516    70560   2520
9   9 1584 91056 1320480 5846400 8890560 4656960 725760 20160
...
Row n=10:  10, 3420, 357480, 8691480, 64420272, 172609920, 177811200, 68040000, 8164800, 181440;
Row n=11:  11, 6820, 1327095, 52727400, 622175400, 2714009760, 4837417200, 3592512000, 1047816000, 99792000, 1814400.
a(2,2) = 1 from the color monomial c[1]^1*c[2]^1 = c[1]*c[2] (from the m=2 partition [1,1] of n=2). The bracelet in question is cyclic(12) (we use j for color c[j] in these examples). The same holds for the necklace case.
a(5,3) = 60 + 120 = 180, from A213941(5,4) + A213941(5,5), because k(5,3,1) = A214314(5,3) = 4 and p(5,3)=2.
a(3,1) = 3 from the color monomials c[1]^3, c[2]^3 and c[3]^3. The three bracelets are cyclic(111), cyclic(222) and cyclic(333). The same holds for the necklace case.
In general a(n,1)=n from the partition [n] providing the color signature (exponent), and the n color choices.
a(3,2) = 6 from the color signature c[.]^2 c[.]^1, (from the m=2 partition [2,1] of n=3), and there are 6 choices for the color indices. The 6 bracelets are cyclic(112), cyclic(113), cyclic(221), cyclic(223), cyclic(331) and cyclic(332). The same holds for the necklace case.
a(3,3) = 1. The color multinomial is c[1]*c[2]*c[3] (from the m=3 partition [1,1,1]). All three available colors are used. There is only one bracelet: cyclic(1,2,3). The necklace cyclic(1,3,2) becomes equivalent under D_3 operation.
a(4,2) = 24 from two color signatures c[.]^3 c[.] and c[.]^2 c[.]^2 (from the two m=2 partitions of n=4: [3,1] and [2,2]). The first one produces 4*3=12 bracelets, namely 1112, 1113, 1114, 2221, 2223, 2224, 3331, 3332, 3334, 4441, 4442 and 4443, all taken cyclically. The second color signature leads to another 6*2=12 bracelets: 1122, 1133, 1144, 2233, 2244, 3344, 1212, 1313, 1414, 2323, 2424 and 3434, all taken cyclically. Together they provide the 24 bracelets counted by a(4,2). The same holds for the necklace case.
a(4,3) = 24 from the color signature c[.]^2 c[.]c[.]. There are 4*3 =12 color choices each with two bracelets: 1123, 1213, 1124, 1214, 1134, 1314, 2213, 2123, 2214, 2124, 2234, 2324, 3312, 3132, 3314, 3134, 3324, 3234, 4412, 4142, 4413, 4143, 4423 and 4243, each taken cyclically.
		

Crossrefs

Cf. A081721, A212360 (necklaces), A213941, A273891.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    (* t = A081720 *) t[n_, k_] := (For[t1 = 0; d = 1, d <= n, d++, If[Mod[n, d] == 0, t1 = t1 + EulerPhi[d]*k^(n/d)]]; If[EvenQ[n], (t1 + (n/2)*(1 + k)*k^(n/2))/(2*n), (t1 + n*k^((n + 1)/2))/(2*n)]);
    T[n_, k_] := Binomial[n, k]*Sum[(-1)^i * Binomial[k, i]*t[n, k - i], {i, 0, k - 1}];
    Table[T[n, k], {n, 1, 10}, {k, 1, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 08 2017, after Andrew Howroyd *)

Formula

a(n,m) = Sum_{j=1..p(n,m)} A213941(n, k(n,m,1)+j-1), with k(n,m,1) = A214314(n,m) the position where in the list of partitions of n in A-St order the first with m parts appears, and p(n,m) is the number of partitions of n with m parts shown in the array A008284. E.g., n=5, m=3: k(5,3,1) = A214314(5,3) = 4, p(5,3) = 2.
a(n,m) = binomial(n,m) * A273891(n,m). - Andrew Howroyd, Mar 25 2017