A286239 Triangular table: T(n,k) = 0 if k does not divide n, otherwise T(n,k) = P(A000010(n/k), k), where P is sequence A000027 used as a pairing function N x N -> N. Table is read by rows as T(1,1), T(2,1), T(2,2), etc.

1, 1, 2, 3, 0, 4, 3, 2, 0, 7, 10, 0, 0, 0, 11, 3, 5, 4, 0, 0, 16, 21, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 22, 10, 5, 0, 7, 0, 0, 0, 29, 21, 0, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 37, 10, 14, 0, 0, 11, 0, 0, 0, 0, 46, 55, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 56, 10, 5, 8, 12, 0, 16, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 67, 78, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 79, 21, 27, 0, 0, 0, 0, 22, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 92, 36, 0, 19, 0, 17, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 106

Offset: 1

Author

Antti Karttunen, May 06 2017

Keywords

• nonn
• tabl

Comments

This sequence packs the values of phi(n/k) and k (whenever k divides n) to a single value, with the pairing function A000027. The two "components" can be accessed with functions A002260 & A004736, which allows us generate from this sequence various sums related to necklace enumeration (among other things).

For example, we have:

Sum_{i=A000217(n-1) .. A000217(n)} [a(i) > 0] * A002260(a(i)) * 2^(A004736(a(i))) = A053635(n).

and

Sum_{i=A000217(n-1) .. A000217(n)} [a(i) > 0] * A002260(a(i)) * 3^(A004736(a(i))) = A054610(n)

Triangle A286237 has the same property.

Examples

			The first fifteen rows of triangle:
   1,
   1,  2,
   3,  0,  4,
   3,  2,  0,  7,
  10,  0,  0,  0, 11,
   3,  5,  4,  0,  0, 16,
  21,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 22,
  10,  5,  0,  7,  0,  0,  0, 29,
  21,  0,  8,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 37,
  10, 14,  0,  0, 11,  0,  0,  0,  0, 46,
  55,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 56,
  10,  5,  8, 12,  0, 16,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 67,
  78,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 79,
  21, 27,  0,  0,  0,  0, 22,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 92,
  36,  0, 19,  0, 17,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 106
   -------------------------------------------------------------
Note how triangle A286237 contains on each row the same numbers in the same "divisibility-allotted" positions, but in reverse order.
		

Links

• Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10585; the first 145 rows of triangle/antidiagonals of array

Crossrefs

Transpose: A286238.

Cf. A000124 (the right edge of the triangle).

Cf. A000010, A000027, A053635, A054610, A054523, A286156, A286237, A286249.

Programs

Python

from sympy import totient
def T(n, m): return ((n + m)**2 - n - 3*m + 2)//2
def t(n, k): return 0 if n%k!=0 else T(totient(n//k), k)
for n in range(1, 21): print([t(n, k) for k in range(1, n + 1)]) # Indranil Ghosh, May 09 2017

Scheme

(define (A286239 n) (A286239tr (A002024 n) (A002260 n)))
(define (A286239tr n k) (if (not (zero? (modulo n k))) 0 (let ((a (A000010 (/ n k))) (b k)) (* (/ 1 2) (+ (expt (+ a b) 2) (- a) (- (* 3 b)) 2)))))

Formula

As a triangle (with n >= 1, 1 <= k <= n):

T(n,k) = 0 if k does not divide n, otherwise T(n,k) = (1/2)*(2 + ((A000010(n/k)+k)^2) - A000010(n/k) - 3*k).