A287215 Number T(n,k) of set partitions of [n] such that the maximal absolute difference between the least elements of consecutive blocks equals k; triangle T(n,k), n>=0, 0<=k<=max(n-1,0), read by rows.

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 8, 5, 1, 1, 22, 21, 7, 1, 1, 65, 86, 39, 11, 1, 1, 209, 361, 209, 77, 19, 1, 1, 732, 1584, 1123, 493, 171, 35, 1, 1, 2780, 7315, 6153, 3124, 1293, 413, 67, 1, 1, 11377, 35635, 34723, 20019, 9320, 3709, 1059, 131, 1, 1, 49863, 183080, 202852, 130916, 66992, 30396, 11373, 2837, 259, 1

Offset: 0

Author

Alois P. Heinz, May 21 2017

Keywords

• nonn
• tabf

Comments

The maximal absolute difference is assumed to be zero if there are fewer than two blocks.

T(n,k) is defined for all n,k >= 0. The triangle contains only the positive terms. T(n,k) = 0 if k>=n and k>0.

Examples

			T(4,0) = 1: 1234.
T(4,1) = 8: 134|2, 13|24, 14|23, 1|234, 14|2|3, 1|24|3, 1|2|34, 1|2|3|4.
T(4,2) = 5: 124|3, 12|34, 12|3|4, 13|2|4, 1|23|4.
T(4,3) = 1: 123|4.
Triangle T(n,k) begins:
  1;
  1;
  1,   1;
  1,   3,    1;
  1,   8,    5,    1;
  1,  22,   21,    7,   1;
  1,  65,   86,   39,  11,   1;
  1, 209,  361,  209,  77,  19,  1;
  1, 732, 1584, 1123, 493, 171, 35, 1;
		

Links

• Alois P. Heinz, Rows n = 0..141, flattened
• Wikipedia, Partition of a set

Crossrefs

Columns k=0-10 give: A000012, A003101(n-1), A322875, A322876, A322877, A322878, A322879, A322880, A322881, A322882, A322883.

Row sums give A000110.

T(2n,n) gives A322884.

Cf. A287213, A287216, A287416, A287640.

Programs

Maple

b:= proc(n, k, m, l) option remember; `if`(n<1, 1,
     `if`(l-n>k, 0, b(n-1, k, m+1, n))+m*b(n-1, k, m, l))
    end:
A:= (n, k)-> b(n-1, min(k, n-1), 1, n):
T:= (n, k)-> A(n, k)-`if`(k=0, 0, A(n, k-1)):
seq(seq(T(n, k), k=0..max(n-1, 0)), n=0..12);

Mathematica

b[n_, k_, m_, l_] := b[n, k, m, l] = If[n < 1, 1, If[l - n > k, 0, b[n - 1, k, m + 1, n]] + m*b[n - 1, k, m, l]];
A[n_, k_] := b[n - 1, Min[k, n - 1], 1, n];
T[n_, k_] := A[n, k] - If[k == 0, 0, A[n, k - 1]];
Table[T[n, k], {n, 0, 12}, {k, 0, Max[n - 1, 0]}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, May 19 2018, after Alois P. Heinz *)

Formula

T(n,k) = A287216(n,k) - A287216(n,k-1) for k>0, T(n,0) = 1.