A296240 Pisano quotients: a(n) = (p-1)/k(p) if p == +- 1 mod 5, = (2*p+2)/k(p) if p == +- 2 mod 5, where p = prime(n) and k(p) = Pisano period(p).

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 9, 5, 1, 1, 2, 9, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 5, 1, 1, 7, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 3, 2, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 5, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 10, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 20, 1, 6, 1, 9, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1

Offset: 4

Author

Jonathan Sondow, Dec 09 2017

Keywords

• nonn

Comments

Wall (1960) in Theorems 6 and 7 proved that a(n) is an integer for n >= 4. Jarden (1946) proved that the sequence is unbounded. See Elsenhans and Jahnel (2010), pp. 1-2.

Links

• A. Elsenhans and J. Jahnel, The Fibonacci sequence modulo p^2 -- An investigation by computer for p < 10^14, arXiv 1006.0824 [math.NT], 2010.
• D. Jarden, Two theorems on Fibonacci's sequence, Amer. Math. Monthly, 53 (1946), 425-427.
• D. D. Wall, Fibonacci series modulo m, Amer. Math. Monthly, 67 (1960), 525-532.
• Wikipedia, Wall-Sun-Sun prime

Crossrefs

Cf. A001175, A092330, A060305, A222361, A222413.

Programs

Mathematica

With[{p = Prime[n]}, T = Table[a = {1, 0}; a0 = a; k = 0; While[k++; s = Mod[Plus @@ a, p]; a = RotateLeft[a]; a[[2]] = s; a != a0]; k, {n, 1, 130}]; Table[L = KroneckerSymbol[p, 5]; (3 - L)/2 (p - L)/T[[n]], {n, 4, 130}]] (* after T. D. Noe *)

Formula

a(n) = (3 - L(p))/2 * (p - L(p)) / k(p), where p = prime(n), L(p) = Legendre(p|5), and k(p) = Pisano period(p) = A001175(p).

a(n) > 1 if and only if prime(n) is in A222413.