A320749 Number of chiral pairs of color patterns (set partitions) in a cycle of length n.

0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 6, 34, 190, 1011, 5352, 29740, 172466, 1055232, 6793791, 46034940, 327303819, 2436650368, 18944771253, 153488081102, 1293086505784, 11306373089104, 102425178180769, 959825673145688, 9290807818971900, 92771800581171418, 954447025978145744, 10105871186441842623, 110009631951698573068, 1229996584263621368224, 14112483571723367245825, 166021918475962174194914, 2001010469483653602192695

Offset: 1

Author

Robert A. Russell, Oct 22 2018

Keywords

• nonn
• easy

Comments

Two color patterns are equivalent if the colors are permuted.

Adnk[d,n,k] in Mathematica program is coefficient of x^k in A(d,n)(x) in Gilbert and Riordan reference.

Examples

			For a(6)=6, the chiral pairs are AAABBC-AAABCC, AABABC-AABCAC, AABACB-AABCAB, AABACC-AABBAC, AABACD-AABCAD, and AABCBD-AABCDC.
		

Links

• Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..200
• E. N. Gilbert and J. Riordan, Symmetry types of periodic sequences, Illinois J. Math., 5 (1961), 657-665.

Crossrefs

Row sums of A320647.

Columns of A320742 converge to this as k increases.

Cf. A084423 (oriented), A084708 (unoriented), A080107 (achiral).

Programs

Mathematica

Adnk[d_,n_,k_] := Adnk[d,n,k] = If[n>0 && k>0, Adnk[d,n-1,k]k + DivisorSum[d,Adnk[d,n-1,k-#]&], Boole[n==0 && k==0]]
Ach[n_, k_] := Ach[n, k] = If[n<2, Boole[n==k && n>=0], k Ach[n-2,k] + Ach[n-2,k-1] + Ach[n-2,k-2]]
Table[Sum[(DivisorSum[n, EulerPhi[#] Adnk[#,n/#,j]&]/n - Ach[n,j])/2, {j,n}], {n,40}]

Formula

a(n) = Sum_{j=1..n} -Ach(n,j)/2 + (1/2n)*Sum_{d|n} phi(d)*A(d,n/d,j), where Ach(n,k) = [n>=0 & n<2 & n==k] + [n>1]*(k*Ach(n-2,k) + Ach(n-2,k-1) + Ach(n-2,k-2)) and A(d,n,k) = [n==0 & k==0] + [n>0 & k>0]*(k*A(d,n-1,k) + Sum_{j|d} A(d,n-1,k-j)).

a(n) = (A084423(n) - A080107(n)) / 2 = A084423(n) - A084708(n) = A084708(n) - A080107(n).