A340676 If n is of the form s^(2^e), where s is a squarefree number, and e >= 0, then a(n) = 1+e, otherwise a(n) = 0.
0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 3, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1
Offset: 1
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Mathematica
a[1] = 0; a[n_] := If[Length[(u = Union[FactorInteger[n][[;; , 2]]])] == 1 && u[[1]] == 2^(e = IntegerExponent[u[[1]], 2]), e + 1, 0]; Array[a, 100] (* Amiram Eldar, Feb 10 2021 *)
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PARI
A001511(n) = 1+valuation(n,2); A209229(n) = (n && !bitand(n,n-1)); A104117(n) = (A209229(n)*A001511(n)); A267116(n) = if(n>1, fold(bitor, factor(n)[, 2]), 0); A340676(n) = if(1==n,0,A104117(A267116(n)));