A342300 Least nonnegative number greater than the previous number which is simultaneously an n-gonal and (n+1)-gonal number.

0, 1, 3, 36, 9801, 40755, 121771, 297045, 631125, 1212751, 2158695, 3617601, 5773825, 8851275, 13117251, 18886285, 26523981, 36450855, 49146175, 65151801, 85076025, 109597411, 139468635, 175520325, 218664901, 269900415, 330314391, 401087665, 483498225, 578925051, 688851955, 814871421

Offset: 0

Author

Robert G. Wilson v, Jun 04 2021

Keywords

• nonn
• easy

Comments

Also the least nontrivial number simultaneously an n and (n+1)-gonal number for n greater than one.

0 and 1 are always terms of any sequence of polygonal numbers of a particular rank beginning with index 0.

Since the formula for the k-th n-gonal number P(n,k) is k*(4+k*(n-2)-n)/2, one can extrapolate for the non-geometrical terms 0, 1 and 2.

Indices of the n and (n+1)-gonal numbers by pairs: {0, 0} {1, 1}, {3, 2}, {8, 6}, {99, 81}, {165, 143}, {247, 221}, {345, 315}, {459, 425}, {589, 551}, {735, 693}, {897, 851} ..., .

{x, y} of the above are {8n^2 + 10n - 3, 8n^2 - 10n - 7} for n>3 (A303295).

In the first 1000 terms, 1 is congruent to 0 (mod 6), 333 are congruent to 1 (mod 6), and 666 are congruent to 3 (mod 6).

Examples

			a(3) is the least triangular and square number > 3, which is 36: A001110(2).
a(4) is the least square and pentagonal number > 36, which is 9801: A036353(2).
		

Links

• Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (6,-15, 20,-15,6,-1).

Crossrefs

Cf. A001110, A036353, A046180, A048903, A048906, A048924, A203627, A189216.

Programs

Mathematica

a[n_] := Intersection[ Table[ PolygonalNumber[n, i], {i, 2, 10000}], Table[ PolygonalNumber[n + 1, i], {i, 2, 10000}]][[1]]; a[0] = 0; a[1] = 1; Array[a, 30, 0] (* Or *)
a[n_] := a[n] = 6a[n - 1] -15a[n - 2] +20a[n - 3] -15a[n - 4] +6a[n - 5] -a[n - 6]; a[0] = 0; a[1] = 1; a[2] = 3; a[3] = 36; a[4] = 9801; a[5] = 40755; a[6] = 121771; a[7] = 297045; a[8] = 631125; a[9] = 1212751; Array[a, 30, 0]

Formula

a(n) = 32n^5 - 112n^4 + 70n^3 + 93n^2 - 57n - 35 for n > 3; a(0) = 0, a(1) = 1, a(2) = 3, a(3) = 36.

G.f.: x*(1 - 3*x + 33*x^2 + 9610*x^3 - 17556*x^4 + 23575*x^5 - 17753*x^6 + 7122*x^7 - 1189*x^8)/(1 - x)^6. - Stefano Spezia, Jun 08 2021