A367964 Triangle of 2-parameter triangular numbers, read by rows. T(n, k) = (n*(n + 1) + k*(k + 1)) / 2.

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 6, 7, 9, 12, 10, 11, 13, 16, 20, 15, 16, 18, 21, 25, 30, 21, 22, 24, 27, 31, 36, 42, 28, 29, 31, 34, 38, 43, 49, 56, 36, 37, 39, 42, 46, 51, 57, 64, 72, 45, 46, 48, 51, 55, 60, 66, 73, 81, 90, 55, 56, 58, 61, 65, 70, 76, 83, 91, 100, 110

Offset: 0

Author

Peter Luschny, Dec 07 2023

Keywords

• nonn
• tabl

Comments

If the rows of the triangle are extended for k > n, the array A144216 is created, which is symmetrical to the main diagonal and therefore contains no new information compared to this triangle.

Examples

			Triangle T(n, k) starts:
  0 |  0;
  1 |  1,  2;
  2 |  3,  4,  6;
  3 |  6,  7,  9, 12;
  4 | 10, 11, 13, 16, 20;
  5 | 15, 16, 18, 21, 25, 30;
  6 | 21, 22, 24, 27, 31, 36, 42;
  7 | 28, 29, 31, 34, 38, 43, 49, 56;
  8 | 36, 37, 39, 42, 46, 51, 57, 64, 72;
  9 | 45, 46, 48, 51, 55, 60, 66, 73, 81,  90;
 10 | 55, 56, 58, 61, 65, 70, 76, 83, 91, 100, 110;
.
Start at row 0, column 0 with 0. Go down by adding the column index in step n. At row n, restart the counting and go n steps right by adding the row index in step n, then change direction and go down again by adding the column index. After 3*n steps on this path you are at T(2*n, n) which is 2*triangular(n) + (triangular(2*n) - triangular(n)) = (5*n^2 + 3*n)/2. These are the sliced heptagonal numbers A147875 (see the illustration of Leo Tavares).
.
The equation T(n, k) = (n*(n + 1) + k*(k + 1))/2 can be extended to all n, k in ZZ.
  [n\k] ... -6  -5  -4  -3  -2  -1   0   1   2   3   4   5  ...
  -------------------------------------------------------------
  [-5] ..., 25, 20, 16, 13, 11, 10, 10, 11, 13, 16, 20, 25, ...
  [-4] ..., 21, 16, 12,  9,  7,  6,  6,  7,  9, 12, 16, 21, ...
  [-3] ..., 18, 13,  9,  6,  4,  3,  3,  4,  6,  9, 13, 18, ...
  [-2] ..., 16, 11,  7,  4,  2,  1,  1,  2,  4,  7, 11, 16, ...
  [-1] ..., 15, 10,  6,  3,  1,  0,  0,  1,  3,  6, 10, 15, ...
  [ 0] ..., 15, 10,  6,  3,  1,  0,  0,  1,  3,  6, 10, 15, ...
  [ 1] ..., 16, 11,  7,  4,  2,  1,  1,  2,  4,  7, 11, 16, ...
  [ 2] ..., 18, 13,  9,  6,  4,  3,  3,  4,  6,  9, 13, 18, ...
  [ 3] ..., 21, 16, 12,  9,  7,  6,  6,  7,  9, 12, 16, 21, ...
  [ 4] ..., 25, 20, 16, 13, 11, 10, 10, 11, 13, 16, 20, 25, ...
		

Crossrefs

Columns: A000217, A000124, A152950, A166136, A121263.

Diagonals: A002378, A000290, A002061, A059100, A027689.

Cf. A147875 (T(2*n, n)), A016061 (row sums), A367965 (alternating row sums), A143216 (the multiplicative equivalent), A144216 (extended array).

Programs

Maple

T := (n, k) -> (n*(n + 1) + k*(k + 1)) / 2:
for n from 0 to 10 do seq(T(n, k), k = 0..n) od;

Mathematica

Module[{n=1},NestList[Append[#+n,n*++n]&,{0},10]] (* or *)
Table[(n(n+1)+k(k+1))/2,{n,0,10},{k,0,n}] (* Paolo Xausa, Dec 07 2023 *)

Python

# A purely additive construction:
from functools import cache
@cache
def a_row(n: int) -> list[int]:
    if n == 0: return [0]
    row = a_row(n - 1) + [0]
    for k in range(n): row[k] += n
    row[n] = row[n - 1] + n
    return row

Formula

Recurrence: T(n, n) = n + T(n, n-1) starting with T(0, 0) = 0.

For k <> n: T(n, k) = n + T(n-1, k).

T(n, k) = t(n) + t(k), where t(n) are the triangular numbers A000217.

G.f.: (x + x*(2 - 5*x + x^2)*y + x^4*y^2)/((1 - x)^3*(1 - x*y)^3). - Stefano Spezia, Dec 07 2023