cp's OEIS Frontend

This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

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A321864 a(n) = A321859(prime(n)).

Original entry on oeis.org

-1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 3, 2, 3, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 3, 2, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Jianing Song, Nov 20 2018

Keywords

Comments

Among the first 10000 terms there are only 13 negative ones, with the earliest one (besides a(1)) being a(5006) = -1.
Please see the comment in A321856 describing "Chebyshev's bias" in the general case.

Examples

			prime(25) = 97. Among the primes <= 97, there are 10 ones congruent to 1, 2, 4 modulo 7 and 14 ones congruent to 3, 5, 6 modulo 7, so a(25) = 14 - 10 = 4.

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A175629.
Let d be a fundamental discriminant.
Sequences of the form "a(n) = -Sum_{primes p<=n} Kronecker(d,p)" with |d| <= 12: A321860 (d=-11), A320857 (d=-8), A321859 (d=-7), A066520 (d=-4), A321856 (d=-3), A321857 (d=5), A071838 (d=8), A321858 (d=12).
Sequences of the form "a(n) = -Sum_{i=1..n} Kronecker(d,prime(i))" with |d| <= 12: A321865 (d=-11), A320858 (d=-8), this sequence (d=-7), A038698 (d=-4), A112632 (d=-3), A321862 (d=5), A321861 (d=8), A321863 (d=12).

Programs

  • PARI
    a(n) = -sum(i=1, n, kronecker(-7, prime(i)))

Formula

a(n) = -Sum_{primes p<=n} Legendre(prime(i),7) = -Sum_{primes p<=n} Kronecker(-7,prime(i)) = -Sum_{i=1..n} A175629(prime(i)).

A321865 a(n) = A321860(prime(n)).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, -1, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 2, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 0, 1, 0, -1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 2, 3, 4, 3, 4, 3, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 7, 8, 9, 8, 9, 8, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 3, 4, 3, 4, 3, 2
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Jianing Song, Nov 20 2018

Keywords

Comments

Among the first 10000 terms there are only 32 negative ones.
Please see the comment in A321856 describing "Chebyshev's bias" in the general case.

Examples

			prime(46) = 199. Among the primes <= 199, there are 20 ones congruent to 1, 3, 4, 5, 9 modulo 11 and 23 ones congruent to 2, 6, 7, 8, 10 modulo 11, so a(46) = 23 - 20 = 3.

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A011582.
Let d be a fundamental discriminant.
Sequences of the form "a(n) = -Sum_{primes p<=n} Kronecker(d,p)" with |d| <= 12: A321860 (d=-11), A320857 (d=-8), A321859 (d=-7), A066520 (d=-4), A321856 (d=-3), A321857 (d=5), A071838 (d=8), A321858 (d=12).
Sequences of the form "a(n) = -Sum_{i=1..n} Kronecker(d,prime(i))" with |d| <= 12: this sequence (d=-11), A320858 (d=-8), A321864 (d=-7), A038698 (d=-4), A112632 (d=-3), A321862 (d=5), A321861 (d=8), A321863 (d=12).

Programs

  • PARI
    a(n) = -sum(i=1, n, kronecker(-11, prime(i)))

Formula

a(n) = -Sum_{primes p<=n} Legendre(prime(i),11) = -Sum_{primes p<=n} Kronecker(-11,prime(i)) = -Sum_{i=1..n} A011582(prime(i)).

A321858 a(n) = Pi(12,5)(n) + Pi(12,7)(n) - Pi(12,1)(n) - Pi(12,11)(n) where Pi(a,b)(x) denotes the number of primes in the arithmetic progression a*k + b less than or equal to x.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Jianing Song, Nov 20 2018

Keywords

Comments

a(n) is the number of odd primes <= n that have 3 as a quadratic nonresidue minus the number of primes <= n that have 3 as a quadratic residue.
The first 10000 terms are nonnegative. a(p) = 0 for primes p = 2, 3, 13, 433, 443, 457, 479, 491, 503, 3541, ... The earliest negative term is a(61463) = -1. Conjecturally infinitely many terms should be negative.
In general, assuming the strong form of the Riemann Hypothesis, if 0 < a, b < k are integers, gcd(a, k) = gcd(b, k) = 1, a is a quadratic residue and b is a quadratic nonresidue mod k, then Pi(k,b)(n) > Pi(k,a)(n) occurs more often than not. This phenomenon is called "Chebyshev's bias". (See Wikipedia link and especially the links in A007350.) [Edited by Peter Munn, Nov 19 2023]
Here, although 11 is not a quadratic residue modulo 12, for most n we have Pi(12,7)(n) + Pi(12,11)(n) > Pi(12,1)(n) - Pi(12,5)(n), Pi(12,5)(n) + Pi(12,11)(n) > Pi(12,1)(n) + Pi(12,7)(n) and Pi(12,5)(n) + Pi(12,7)(n) > Pi(12,1)(n) + Pi(12,11)(n).

Examples

			Pi(12,1)(100) = 5, Pi(12,5)(100) = Pi(12,7)(100) = Pi(12,11)(100) = 6, so a(100) = 6 + 6 - 5 - 6 = 1.

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A007350, A110161.
Let d be a fundamental discriminant.
Sequences of the form "a(n) = -Sum_{primes p<=n} Kronecker(d,p)" with |d| <= 12: A321860 (d=-11), A320857 (d=-8), A321859 (d=-7), A066520 (d=-4), A321856 (d=-3), A321857 (d=5), A071838 (d=8), this sequence (d=12).
Sequences of the form "a(n) = -Sum_{i=1..n} Kronecker(d,prime(i))" with |d| <= 12: A321865 (d=-11), A320858 (d=-8), A321864 (d=-7), A038698 (d=-4), A112632 (d=-3), A321862 (d=5), A321861 (d=8), A321863 (d=12).

Programs

  • PARI
    a(n) = -sum(i=1, n, isprime(i)*kronecker(12, i))

Formula

a(n) = -Sum_{primes p<=n} Kronecker(12,p) = -Sum_{primes p<=n} A110161(p).

A321863 a(n) = A321858(prime(n)).

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 3, 4, 3, 4, 3, 2, 3, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 3, 2, 3, 2, 3, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 6, 5, 6, 7, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Jianing Song, Nov 20 2018

Keywords

Comments

Among the first 10000 terms there are only 291 negative ones, with the earliest one being a(6181) = -1. See the comments about "Chebyshev's bias" in A321858.

Examples

			prime(25) = 97, Pi(12,1)(97) = 5, Pi(12,5)(97) = Pi(12,7)(97) = Pi(12,11)(97) = 6, so a(25) = 6 + 6 - 5 - 6 = 1.

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A110161.
Let d be a fundamental discriminant.
Sequences of the form "a(n) = -Sum_{primes p<=n} Kronecker(d,p)" with |d| <= 12: A321860 (d=-11), A320857 (d=-8), A321859 (d=-7), A066520 (d=-4), A321856 (d=-3), A321857 (d=5), A071838 (d=8), A321858 (d=12).
Sequences of the form "a(n) = -Sum_{i=1..n} Kronecker(d,prime(i))" with |d| <= 12: A321865 (d=-11), A320858 (d=-8), A321864 (d=-7), A038698 (d=-4), A112632 (d=-3), A321862 (d=5), A321861 (d=8), this sequence (d=12).

Programs

  • PARI
    a(n) = -sum(i=1, n, kronecker(12, prime(i)))

Formula

a(n) = -Sum_{primes p<=n} Kronecker(12,prime(i)) = -Sum_{i=1..n} A110161(prime(i)).
Previous Showing 11-14 of 14 results.

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