A015710 Least k >= 0 such that phi(n) * sigma(n) + k^2 is a perfect square, or -1 if impossible.
0, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 2, -1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 0, 2, 29, 1, -1, 1, 5, 4, 1, 1, 2, 26, 5, 3, 2, 1, 0, 1, 4, 1, 6, 2, 8, 1, 3, 5, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 8, 4, 1, 15, -1, 16, 0, 7, 1, 7, 6, 6, 6, 9, 1, 4, 1, 6, 10, 119, 8, 6, 1, 8, 1, 5, 1, 9, 1, 11, 9, 1, 4, 8, 1, 17, -1, 1
Offset: 1
Keywords
Links
- Richard K. Guy, Divisors and desires, Amer. Math. Monthly, 104 (1997), 359-360.
Programs
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Mathematica
a[n_] := Module[{m = EulerPhi[n]*DivisorSigma[1, n]}, If[Mod[m, 4] == 2, -1, k = 0; While[!IntegerQ[Sqrt[m + k^2]], k++]; k]]; Array[a, 100] (* Amiram Eldar, Dec 07 2018 *) -
PARI
a(n) = {my(x = sigma(n)*eulerphi(n)); if ((x % 4) == 2, -1, my(k=0); while (! issquare(x+k^2), k++); k;);} \\ Michel Marcus, Dec 07 2018
Extensions
a(14), a(30), and a(51) corrected by Sean A. Irvine, Dec 06 2018