A024788 Number of 4's in all partitions of n.

0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 13, 18, 28, 38, 55, 74, 105, 139, 190, 250, 336, 436, 575, 740, 963, 1228, 1577, 1995, 2538, 3186, 4013, 5005, 6256, 7751, 9617, 11847, 14605, 17894, 21927, 26730, 32582, 39531, 47942, 57915, 69920, 84114, 101116, 121176, 145095, 173248

Offset: 1

Author

Clark Kimberling

Keywords

• nonn
• easy

Comments

The sums of four successive terms give A000070. - Omar E. Pol, Jul 12 2012

a(n) is also the difference between the sum of 4th largest and the sum of 5th largest elements in all partitions of n. - Omar E. Pol, Oct 25 2012

a(n+4) is the number of n-vertex graphs that do not contain a triangle, P_4, or K_2,3 as induced subgraph. These are the K_2,3-free bipartite cographs. Bipartite cographs are graph that are disjoint unions of complete bipartite graphs [Babel et al. Corollary 2.2], and forbidding K_2,3 leaves one possible component for each size except size 4, where there are two. Thus, this number is A000041(n) + a(n) = a(n+4). - Falk Hüffner, Jan 11 2016

a(n) (n>=3) is the number of even singletons in all partitions of n-2 (by a singleton we mean a part that occurs exactly once). Example: a(7) = 3 because in the partitions [5], [4*,1], [3,2*], [3,1,1], [2,2,1], [2*,1,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1] we have 3 even singletons (marked by *). The statement of this comment can be obtained by setting k=2 in Theorem 2 of the Andrews et al. reference. - Emeric Deutsch, Sep 13 2016

Examples

			From _Omar E. Pol_, Oct 25 2012: (Start)
For n = 7 we have:
--------------------------------------
.                             Number
Partitions of 7               of 4's
--------------------------------------
7 .............................. 0
4 + 3 .......................... 1
5 + 2 .......................... 0
3 + 2 + 2 ...................... 0
6 + 1 .......................... 0
3 + 3 + 1 ...................... 0
4 + 2 + 1 ...................... 1
2 + 2 + 2 + 1 .................. 0
5 + 1 + 1 ...................... 0
3 + 2 + 1 + 1 .................. 0
4 + 1 + 1 + 1 .................. 1
2 + 2 + 1 + 1 + 1 .............. 0
3 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 .............. 0
2 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 .......... 0
1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 ...... 0
------------------------------------
.           7 - 4 =              3
The difference between the sum of the fourth column and the sum of the fifth column of the set of partitions of 7 is 7 - 4 = 3 and equals the number of 4's in all partitions of 7, so a(7) = 3.
(End)
		

Links

• Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
• G. E. Andrews and E. Deutsch, A note on a method of Erdos and the Stanley-Elder theorems, Integers, 16 (2016), A24.
• L. Babel, A. Brandstädt, and V. B. Le, Recognizing the P4-structure of bipartite graphs, Discrete Appl. Math. 93 (1999), 157-168.
• David Benson, Radha Kessar, and Markus Linckelmann, Hochschild cohomology of symmetric groups in low degrees, arXiv:2204.09970 [math.GR], 2022.

Crossrefs

Cf. A000041, A066633, A024786, A024787, A024789, A024790, A024791, A024792, A024793, A024794.

Programs

Maple

b:= proc(n, i) option remember; local f, g;
      if n=0 or i=1 then [1, 0]
    else f:= b(n, i-1); g:= `if`(i>n, [0$2], b(n-i, i));
         [f[1]+g[1], f[2]+g[2]+`if`(i=4, g[1], 0)]
      fi
    end:
a:= n-> b(n, n)[2]:
seq(a(n), n=1..100);  # Alois P. Heinz, Oct 27 2012

Mathematica

Table[ Count[ Flatten[ IntegerPartitions[n]], 4], {n, 1, 50} ]
(* second program: *)
b[n_, i_] := b[n, i] = Module[{g}, If[n == 0 || i == 1, {1, 0}, g = If[i > n, {0, 0}, b[n - i, i]]; b[n, i - 1] + g + {0, If[i == 4, g[[1]], 0]}]]; a[n_] := b[n, n][[2]]; Table[a[n], {n, 1, 100}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 09 2015, after Alois P. Heinz *)

Formula

a(n) = A181187(n,4) - A181187(n,5). - Omar E. Pol, Oct 25 2012

From Peter Bala, Dec 26 2013: (Start)

a(n+4) - a(n) = A000041(n). a(n) + a(n+2) = A024786(n).

O.g.f.: x^4/(1 - x^4) * product {k >= 1} 1/(1 - x^k) = x^4 + x^5 + 2*x^6 + 3*x^7 + ....

Asymptotic result: log(a(n)) ~ 2*sqrt(Pi^2/6)*sqrt(n) as n -> inf. (End)

a(n) ~ exp(Pi*sqrt(2*n/3)) / (8*Pi*sqrt(2*n)) * (1 - 49*Pi/(24*sqrt(6*n)) + (49/48 + 1633*Pi^2/6912)/n). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Nov 05 2016

G.f.: x^4/((1 - x)*(1 - x^2)*(1 - x^3)*(1 - x^4)) * Sum_{n >= 0} x^(4*n)/( Product_{k = 1..n} 1 - x^k ); that is, convolution of A026810 (partitions into 4 parts, or, modulo offset differences, partitions into parts <= 4) and A008484 (partitions into parts >= 4). - Peter Bala, Jan 17 2021