A063265 Septinomial (also called heptanomial) coefficient array.

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 33, 36, 37, 36, 33, 28, 21, 15, 10, 6, 3, 1, 1, 4, 10, 20, 35, 56, 84, 116, 149, 180, 206, 224, 231, 224, 206, 180, 149, 116, 84, 56, 35

Offset: 0

Author

Wolfdieter Lang, Jul 24 2001

Keywords

• nonn
• easy
• tabf

Comments

The sequence of step width of this staircase array is [1,6,6,...], hence the degree sequence for the row polynomials is [0,6,12,18,...]= A008588.

The column sequences (without leading zeros) are for k=0..6 those of the lower triangular array A007318 (Pascal) and for k=7..9: A063267, A063417, A063418. Row sums give A000420 (powers of 7). Central coefficients give A025012.

Examples

			Triangle begins:
  {1};
  {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1};
  {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1};
  ...
N7(k,x)= 1 for k=0..6, N7(7,x)= 6-15*x+20*x^2-15*x^3+6*x^4-x^5 (from A063266).
		

References

• L. Comtet, Advanced Combinatorics, Reidel, 1974, pp. 77,78.

Links

• T. D. Noe, Rows n = 0..25, flattened
• Steven R. Finch, P. Sebah and Z.-Q. Bai, Odd Entries in Pascal's Trinomial Triangle, arXiv:0802.2654 [math.NT], 2008.

Crossrefs

The q-nomial arrays are for q=2..8: A007318 (Pascal), A027907, A008287, A035343, A063260, A063265, A171890.

Programs

Maple

#Define the r-nomial coefficients for r = 1, 2, 3, ...
rnomial := (r,n,k) -> add((-1)^i*binomial(n,i)*binomial(n+k-1-r*i,n-1), i = 0..floor(k/r)):
#Display the 7-nomials as a table
r := 7:  rows := 10:
for n from 0 to rows do
seq(rnomial(r,n,k), k = 0..(r-1)*n)
end do;
# Peter Bala, Sep 07 2013

Mathematica

Flatten[Table[CoefficientList[(1 + x + x^2 + x^3 + x^4 + x^5 + x^6)^n, x], {n, 0, 25}]] (* T. D. Noe, Apr 04 2011 *)

Formula

a(n, k)=0 if n=-1 or k<0 or k >= 6*n; a(0, 0)=1; a(n, k)= sum(a(n-1, k-j), j=0..6) else.

G.f. for row n: (sum(x^j, j=0..6))^n.

G.f. for column k: (x^(ceiling(k/6)))*N7(k, x)/(1-x)^(k+1) with the row polynomials of the staircase array A063266(k, m).

T(n,k) = Sum_{i = 0..floor(k/7)} (-1)^i*binomial(n,i)*binomial(n+k-1-7*i,n-1) for n >= 0 and 0 <= k <= 6*n. - Peter Bala, Sep 07 2013