A097894 Partial sums of A014531.

1, 4, 14, 44, 134, 400, 1184, 3488, 10253, 30108, 88386, 259492, 762085, 2239120, 6582280, 19360432, 56976859, 167774428, 494301778, 1457104948, 4297477252, 12680944960, 37436553544, 110569987344, 326713395019, 965775778420

Offset: 1

Author

Emeric Deutsch, Sep 03 2004

Keywords

• nonn

Comments

a(n) = number of peaks at even height in all Motzkin paths of length n+3. Example: a(2)=4 because in the 21 Motzkin paths of length 5 we have altogether 4 peaks at even height (shown between parentheses): HU(UD)D, U(UD)DH, U(UD)HD, UH(UD)D.

This is a kind of Motzkin transform of A121262 because the substitution x -> x*A001006(x) in the independent variable of the g.f. A121262(x) defines a sequence which is 1,0,0,0 followed by this sequence here. - R. J. Mathar, Nov 08 2008

Links

• Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..200
• Jean-Luc Baril and José Luis Ramírez, Descent distribution on Catalan words avoiding ordered pairs of Relations, arXiv:2302.12741 [math.CO], 2023.
• László Németh, The trinomial transform triangle, J. Int. Seqs., Vol. 21 (2018), Article 18.7.3. Also arXiv:1807.07109 [math.NT], 2018.

Crossrefs

Cf. A014531.

Programs

Maple

ser:=series((1-2*z-z^2)/2/z^3/(1-z)/sqrt(1-2*z-3*z^2)-1/2/z^3,z=0,32): seq(coeff(ser,z^n),n=1..28);

Mathematica

CoefficientList[Series[((1-2*x-x^2)/(2*x^3*(1-x)*Sqrt[1-2*x-3*x^2])-1/(2*x^3))/x, {x, 0, 20}], x] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Feb 01 2014 *) (* adapted to the offset by Vincenzo Librandi, Feb 13 2014 *)

PARI

x='x+O('x^30); Vec((1-2*x-x^2)/(2*x^3*(1-x)*sqrt(1-2*x-3*x^2))-1/(2*x^3)) \\ G. C. Greubel, Dec 20 2017

Formula

G.f.: (1-2*x-x^2)/(2*x^3*(1-x)*sqrt(1-2*x-3*x^2))-1/(2*x^3). D-finite with recurrence -(n-1)*(n+3)*a(n) +(n+2)*(3n-1)*a(n-1) +(n-1)*(n+1)*a(n-2) -3*n*(n+1)*a(n-3)=0. - R. J. Mathar, Nov 17 2011

a(n) ~ 3^(n+5/2) / (4*sqrt(Pi*n)). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Feb 01 2014