A124123 -id:A124123 - cp's OEIS frontend

A138750 a(n) = ceiling(n/2) if n == 2 (mod 3), a(n) = 2n otherwise.

0, 2, 1, 6, 8, 3, 12, 14, 4, 18, 20, 6, 24, 26, 7, 30, 32, 9, 36, 38, 10, 42, 44, 12, 48, 50, 13, 54, 56, 15, 60, 62, 16, 66, 68, 18, 72, 74, 19, 78, 80, 21, 84, 86, 22, 90, 92, 24, 96, 98, 25, 102, 104, 27, 108, 110, 28, 114, 116, 30, 120, 122, 31, 126, 128, 33, 132, 134, 34

Offset: 0

M. F. Hasler, Mar 28 2008

This map is inspired by A124123, which hides in fact a variation of the Collatz problem, defined on the set of primes and working mod 3 instead of mod 2. See A138751 for more information.
The use of ceiling() is here equivalent to round().
The main reason for defining this function is to write A124123 as complement of A007918(A138750(A000040)), and to express the recursion function occurring there in terms of this map.
It might have been more natural to define this map as a(n) = 2n if n == 1 (mod 3), a(n) = ceiling(n/2) otherwise, which is equivalent for all primes > 3 (which are either == 1 or == 2 (mod 3)) and would have "better" properties regarding the analysis of orbits of all integers under this map.
However, for the prime n=3 it does make a difference, and in order to reproduce the map occurring in A124123, we had to adopt the present convention.

			a(0) = 2*0 = 0, a(1) = 2*1 = 2, a(3) = 2*3 = 6, a(4) = 2*4 = 8, ... since these indices are not congruent to 2 (mod 3).
a(2) = ceiling(2/2) = 1, a(5) = ceiling(5/2) = 3, a(8) = ceiling(8/2) = 4, a(11) = ceiling(11/2) = 6, ... since these indices are congruent to 2 (mod 3).

Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,-1).
Index entries for sequences related to 3x+1 (or Collatz) problem.

Cf. A001281, A124123, A138751, A138752, A138753, A008588 (trisection), A016933 (trisection), A032766 (trisection)

Table[If[Mod[n,3]==2,Ceiling[n/2],2n],{n,0,70}] (* or *) LinearRecurrence[{0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,-1},{0,2,1,6,8,3,12,14,4},70] (* Harvey P. Dale, Nov 20 2013 *)

A138750(n) = if( n%3==2, ceil(n/2), 2*n )

G.f.: x*(2 + x + 6*x^2 + 6*x^3 + 2*x^4 + 6*x^5 + 4*x^6) / ( (1+x)*(x^2-x+1)*(x-1)^2*(1+x+x^2)^2 ). - R. J. Mathar, Oct 16 2013
a(n) = a(n-3) + a(n-6) - a(n-9); a(0)=0, a(1)=2, a(2)=1, a(3)=6, a(4)=8, a(5)=3, a(6)=12, a(7)=14, a(8)=4. - Harvey P. Dale, Nov 20 2013
Sum_{n>=1} (-1)^n/a(n) = log(3)/2 - log(2)/3 = log(27/4)/6. - Amiram Eldar, Jul 26 2024

A138753 Number of iterations of A138754 before reaching a number for the second time, when starting with n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 5, 3, 3, 5, 3, 8, 6, 4, 21, 17, 7, 7, 5, 5, 22, 24, 20, 18, 18, 16, 8, 6, 8, 6, 29, 23, 27, 23, 23, 21, 19, 19, 17, 21, 17, 15, 7, 7, 9, 60, 9, 9, 7, 30, 28, 26, 24, 26, 24, 24, 28, 24, 22, 20, 20, 22, 20, 18, 20, 18, 20, 18, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 12, 10, 61, 59, 55, 12, 10, 8, 31

Offset: 1

M. F. Hasler, Apr 01 2008

nonn

This is a variation of A138752, giving the number of iterations of A138754 needed to get any number for the second time, while A138752 stops counting somehow arbitrarily at 1=primepi(2) or 4=primepi(7).
The map A138754 is a variation of the Collatz map where parity of the integers is replaced by p mod 3 for the primes.
For the Collatz map, we have the only fixed point 0=f(0) and all other numbers seem to end up in the cycle 1->4->2->1.
Here the only fixed point is 1=A138754(1) and all other numbers seem to end up in the cycle 4 -> 7 -> 5 -> 4 (corresponding to primes 7 -> 17 -> 11 -> 7).
Depending on which number among primepi({2,7,11,17}) is reached first, A138753(n) = A138752(n)+1,+3,+2 resp. +1. (A138752(n) is the length of the so-called GB-sequence starting with prime(n).)

			a(1)=1 since after 1 step we find 1 again.
a(4)=3 since 4 -> 7 -> 5 -> 4 under A138754.

Paolo Xausa, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1459 (terms 1..500 from M. F. Hasler)
Georges Brougnard, Definition of GB-sequences.
Index entries for sequences related to 3x+1 (or Collatz) problem

Cf. A124123, A006577, A171938, A138756 (record values/indices).

Cf. A138750, A138751, A138752, A138754.

A138754[n_]:=A138754[n]=With[{p=Prime[n]},PrimePi[NextPrime[If[Mod[p,3]==2,p/2,2p]]]];
A138753[n_]:=Length[NestWhileList[A138754,n,UnsameQ,{1,4}]]-1;
Array[A138753,100] (* Paolo Xausa, Jul 28 2023*)

A138753(n,c=0,t=[1,1,1]) = { until( t[c++%3+1]==n=A138754(n), t[c%3+1]=n); c}

a(n) = min { k>0 | A138754^k(n) = A138754^m(n) for some m>=0, m

If n is not in {1,4,5,7}, then a(n) = 1+a(A138754(n)).

A138751 a(n) = nextprime( p(n)/2 if p(n)=2 (mod 3), 2p(n) else ) = A007918( A138750( A000040( n ))).

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 7, 3, 17, 7, 29, 11, 41, 13, 17, 67, 79, 23, 89, 29, 29, 31, 127, 137, 37, 149, 163, 43, 47, 197, 53, 211, 59, 223, 59, 257, 67, 71, 281, 79, 307, 317, 331, 89, 89, 97, 367, 97, 389, 101, 401, 431, 449, 127, 461, 127, 127, 487, 127, 131, 137, 137, 547, 557, 149

Offset: 1

M. F. Hasler, Mar 28 2008

Composing the map A138750 with A007918 to the left and restricting it to the primes makes it a mapping from primes into primes which is a natural generalization of the Collatz problem to primes. (Looking at parity would not be interesting for primes, so using "mod 3" is the simplest nontrivial generalization.)
The only even prime p=2 is the only fixed point of this map and all odd primes seem to end up in the loop 7 -> 17 -> 11 -> 7, after a number of steps given in A138752.
The sequence A124123 lists the primes which do not occur in the present sequence.
See A138750 for further information.

			a(1) = nextprime(2/2) = 2, a(2) = nextprime(2*3) = 7, a(3) = nextprime(5/2) = 7.

Paolo Xausa, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Georges Brougnard, Definition of GB-sequences.
Index entries for sequences related to 3x+1 (or Collatz) problem

Cf. A124123, A007918, A138750, A138752-A138753.

A138751[n_]:=With[{p=Prime[n]},NextPrime[If[Mod[p,3]==2,p/2,2p]]];Array[A138751,100] (* Paolo Xausa, Jul 28 2023 *)

A138751(n) = { n=prime(n); nextprime( if( n%3==2, ceil(n/2), 2*n ))}

a(n) = A007918(A138750(A000040(n))).

A138754 a(n) = PrimePi(A138751(n)) - a variation of the Collatz (3n+1) map.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 2, 7, 4, 10, 5, 13, 6, 7, 19, 22, 9, 24, 10, 10, 11, 31, 33, 12, 35, 38, 14, 15, 45, 16, 47, 17, 48, 17, 55, 19, 20, 60, 22, 63, 66, 67, 24, 24, 25, 73, 25, 77, 26, 79, 83, 87, 31, 89, 31, 31, 93, 31, 32, 33, 33, 101, 102, 35, 104, 35, 113, 37, 115, 38, 122, 123, 41, 126

Offset: 1

M. F. Hasler, Apr 01 2008

This map is a variation of the Collatz (or 3n+1) map:
Instead of considering the parity of the number, we look at prime(n) mod 3 to decide if this prime should be halved or doubled, before going to the next prime (A007918) and finally back to the positive integers via PrimePi (A000720).
Exactly as for the Collatz (3n+1) map (defined on nonnegative integers), the first element for which it is defined is its only fixed point, and all other starting values seem to end up in a cycle of length 3, here: 4 -> 7 -> 5 -> 4.
Except for p=3, no prime yields a prime result under the map A138750 (as can be seen using p=6k+1 or p=6k-1). Therefore instead of applying primepi() after nextprime(), one could also simply use 1+primepi().
The prime p=3 is also the only case where n == 2 (mod 3) is not equivalent to n != 1 (mod 3). It might have been a better choice to define A138750(x)=2x if x == 1 (mod 3), ceiling(x/2) otherwise. But since here it makes only a difference for p=3, we use the original definition (cf. A124123).

			a(4) = 7 since prime(4) = 7 == 1 (mod 3), thus A138750(7) = 2*7 = 14, nextprime(14) = 17, PrimePi(17) = 7 (i.e., 17 is the 7th prime).
a(5) = 4 since prime(5) = 11 == 2 (mod 3), thus A138750(11) = ceiling(11/2) = 6, nextprime(6) = 7, PrimePi(7) = 4 (i.e., 7 is the 4th prime).

Cf. A124123, A138750-A138753, A000040, A000720, A007918.

A138754[n_]:=With[{p=Prime[n]},PrimePi[NextPrime[If[Mod[p,3]==2,p/2,2p]]]];Array[A138754,100] (* Paolo Xausa, Jul 28 2023 *)

A138754(n)=primepi(A138751(n)) /* see there */

a(n) = A000720(A138751(n)) = A000720(A007918(A138750(A000040(n)))).

A138752 Number of iterations before prime(n) reaches 7 or 2 under x -> A007918(A138750(x)).

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 4, 2, 7, 5, 3, 20, 16, 6, 6, 4, 4, 21, 23, 19, 17, 17, 15, 7, 5, 7, 5, 28, 22, 26, 22, 22, 20, 18, 18, 16, 20, 16, 14, 6, 6, 8, 59, 8, 8, 6, 29, 27, 25, 23, 25, 23, 23, 27, 23, 21, 19, 19, 21, 19, 17, 19, 17, 19, 17, 17, 15, 13, 11, 9, 11, 9, 60, 58, 54, 11, 9, 7, 30, 28

Offset: 1

M. F. Hasler, Mar 28 2008

As explained in A138751, the map x->A007918(A138750(x)) is a natural generalization of the Collatz map to primes.
The only even prime p=2 is the only fixed point of this map, and all odd primes seem to end up in the loop 7 -> 17 -> 11 -> 7, after a number of steps given in the present sequence.
(It might have been more natural to count the steps until a number is reached for the second time. Depending on which number among {2,7,11,17} is reached first, this would increase the value of a(n) by 1,3,2 resp. 1.)

			a(1)=a(4)=0 since prime(1)=2 and prime(4)=7 are by definition the values at which counting ends.
a(primepi(4499221))=63337 according to G. Brougnard, cf. Link.

Paolo Xausa, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Georges Brougnard, Trajectory of 4499221.
Index entries for sequences related to 3x+1 (or Collatz) problem

Cf. A124123, A138750, A138751, A138753.

A138752[n_]:=Length[NestWhileList[NextPrime[If[Mod[#,3]==2,#/2,2#]]&,Prime[n],#!=2&&#!=7&]]-1;Array[A138752,100] (* Paolo Xausa, Jul 28 2023 *)

A138752(n,c=0) = { if( n==1 & 7==n=prime(n), 0, until( 7==n=nextprime( if( n%3==2, ceil(n/2), 2*n )),c++);c)}

A138756 Indices of record values in A138753 (a "prime" variation of the Collatz (3n+1) problem).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 8, 11, 17, 18, 27, 42, 72, 125, 219, 221, 401, 515, 556, 754, 841, 1146

Offset: 1

M. F. Hasler, Apr 01 2008

"Indices of ..." is equivalent to "starting values for ..."

Cf. A124123, A138750-A138754, A171938, A006877 (analog for Collatz problem).

A138754[n_]:=A138754[n]=With[{p=Prime[n]},PrimePi[NextPrime[If[Mod[p,3]==2,p/2,2p]]]];
A138753[n_]:=Length[NestWhileList[A138754,n,UnsameQ,{1,4}]]-1;
A138756list[upto_]:=Module[{v,r=0},Table[If[(v=A138753[n])>r,r=v;n,Nothing],{n,upto}]];
A138756list[500] (* Paolo Xausa, Jul 30 2023 *)

m=0; for( i=1,#A138753, A138753[i] > m || next; m=A138753[i]; print1(i", "))

a(n) = min { k | A138753(k) = A171938(n) }

Equals { m | A138753(k) < A138753(m) for all k

a(15)-a(19) from Paolo Xausa, Jul 30 2023

A171938 Record values in A138753 (a "prime" variation of the Collatz (3n+1) problem).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 5, 8, 21, 22, 24, 29, 60, 61, 72, 73, 97, 100, 184, 216, 239, 451, 469

Offset: 1

M. F. Hasler, Apr 01 2008

Cf. A124123, A138750-A138754, A138756, A006878 (analog for Collatz problem).

A138754[n_]:=A138754[n]=With[{p=Prime[n]},PrimePi[NextPrime[If[Mod[p,3]==2,p/2,2p]]]];
A138753[n_]:=Length[NestWhileList[A138754,n,UnsameQ,{1,4}]]-1;
A171938list[upto_]:=Module[{v,r=0},Table[If[(v=A138753[n])>r,r=v,Nothing],{n,upto}]];
A171938list[500] (* Paolo Xausa, Jul 29 2023 *)

m=0; for( i=1,#A138753, A138753[i] > m & print1( m=A138753[i],", "))

A171938(n) = A138753(A138756(n)).

A171938 = { A138753(m) | A138753(k) < A138753(m) for all k

Originally submitted as A138755, but mislaid by Editor-in-Chief; renumbered and added to OEIS, Oct 24 2010

a(15)-a(19) from Paolo Xausa, Jul 29 2023

A138757 a(n) = A007918(A138750(n)), that is, least prime > n/2 if n=2 (mod 3), > 2n otherwise.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 2, 2, 7, 11, 3, 13, 17, 5, 19, 23, 7, 29, 29, 7, 31, 37, 11, 37, 41, 11, 43, 47, 13, 53, 53, 13, 59, 59, 17, 61, 67, 17, 67, 71, 19, 73, 79, 19, 79, 83, 23, 89, 89, 23, 97, 97, 29, 97, 101, 29, 103, 107, 29, 109, 113, 29, 127, 127, 31, 127, 127, 31, 127

Offset: 0

M. F. Hasler, Apr 04 2008

This can be considered as an analog of the Collatz (or 3n+1) map on the set of primes, see A138751 and A138754 for details.

Numbers 0,1,2 go immediately to the unique fixed point 2, all others end up in the cycle 7 -> 17 -> 11 -> 7, after a number of iterations given by A138753(A138757(n))-1 (= A138753(n)-2 if n is prime).

			a(7) = 17 since 7 = 1 (mod 3), thus A138750(7) = 2*7 = 14, nextprime(14) = 17.
a(11) = 7 since 11 = 2 (mod 3), thus A138750(11) = ceiling(11/2) = 6, nextprime(6) = 7.

Georges Brougnard, Definition of GB-sequences.
Index entries for sequences related to 3x+1 (or Collatz) problem

Cf. A124123, A138750, A138751, A138752, A138753, A138754, A138755, A138756, A007918.

np1[n_]:=Module[{x=Ceiling[n/2]},If[PrimeQ[x],x,NextPrime[x]]]; np2[n_]:= Module[{x=2n},If[PrimeQ[x],x,NextPrime[x]]]; Table[If[Mod[n,3]==2, np1[n], np2[n]],{n,0,70}] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jul 10 2013 *)

A138757(n)=nextprime(if(n%3==2,(n+1)\2,2*n))

a(n) = A007918(A138750(n)).

For p prime, a(p) = A138751(A000720(p))

Showing 1-8 of 8 results.

cp's OEIS Frontend

A138750 a(n) = ceiling(n/2) if n == 2 (mod 3), a(n) = 2n otherwise.

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A138753 Number of iterations of A138754 before reaching a number for the second time, when starting with n.

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A138751 a(n) = nextprime( p(n)/2 if p(n)=2 (mod 3), 2p(n) else ) = A007918( A138750( A000040( n ))).

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A138754 a(n) = PrimePi(A138751(n)) - a variation of the Collatz (3n+1) map.

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A138752 Number of iterations before prime(n) reaches 7 or 2 under x -> A007918(A138750(x)).

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A138756 Indices of record values in A138753 (a "prime" variation of the Collatz (3n+1) problem).

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A171938 Record values in A138753 (a "prime" variation of the Collatz (3n+1) problem).

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