A285475 Decimal representation of the diagonal from the origin to the corner of the n-th stage of growth of the two-dimensional cellular automaton defined by "Rule 3", based on the 5-celled von Neumann neighborhood.
1, 3, 4, 15, 16, 63, 64, 255, 256, 1023, 1024, 4095, 4096, 16383, 16384, 65535, 65536, 262143, 262144, 1048575, 1048576, 4194303, 4194304, 16777215, 16777216, 67108863, 67108864, 268435455, 268435456, 1073741823, 1073741824, 4294967295, 4294967296
Offset: 0
References
- S. Wolfram, A New Kind of Science, Wolfram Media, 2002; p. 170.
Links
- Robert Price, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..126
- Robert Price, Diagrams of first 20 stages
- N. J. A. Sloane, On the Number of ON Cells in Cellular Automata, arXiv:1503.01168 [math.CO], 2015.
- Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Elementary Cellular Automaton
- S. Wolfram, A New Kind of Science
- Wolfram Research, Wolfram Atlas of Simple Programs
- Index entries for sequences related to cellular automata
- Index to 2D 5-Neighbor Cellular Automata
- Index to Elementary Cellular Automata
- Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (0,5,0,-4).
Crossrefs
Programs
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Mathematica
CAStep[rule_, a_] := Map[rule[[10 - #]] &, ListConvolve[{{0, 2, 0},{2, 1, 2}, {0, 2, 0}}, a, 2],{2}]; code = 3; stages = 128; rule = IntegerDigits[code, 2, 10]; g = 2 * stages + 1; (* Maximum size of grid *) a = PadLeft[{{1}}, {g, g}, 0,Floor[{g, g}/2]]; (* Initial ON cell on grid *) ca = a; ca = Table[ca = CAStep[rule, ca], {n, 1, stages + 1}]; PrependTo[ca, a]; (* Trim full grid to reflect growth by one cell at each stage *) k = (Length[ca[[1]]] + 1)/2; ca = Table[Table[Part[ca[[n]] [[j]],Range[k + 1 - n, k - 1 + n]], {j, k + 1 - n, k - 1 + n}], {n, 1, k}]; Table[FromDigits[Part[ca[[i]] [[i]], Range[i, 2 * i - 1]], 10], {i, 1, stages - 1}]
Formula
From Colin Barker, Apr 19 2017: (Start)
G.f.: (1 + 3*x - x^2) / ((1 - x)*(1 + x)*(1 - 2*x)*(1 + 2*x)).
a(n) = (-1 - (-2)^n + (-1)^n + 3*2^n)/2.
a(n) = 5*a(n-2) - 4*a(n-4) for n>3. (End)
a(2*n-1) + a(2*n) = A083420(n). - Paul Curtz, Dec 16 2024
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