cp's OEIS Frontend

Let A,B,X respectively, represent A288189, A295185, A056240. For prime p with index k >= 3, A(p) = X(t)(rp-t) for some multiple r >= 1 of p, and some integer t such that rp-t is prime; then sopfr(A(p)) = rp. Similarly B(p) = X(g)(p-g) where g = p-q for some prime q < p, where q = p-g is the greatest prime divisor of A295185(p); then sopfr(B(p)) = p. A(p) < B(p) if r and t exist such that (rp-t) is prime, with X(t)(rp-t) < X(g)(p-g), otherwise r = 1, t = g and A(p) = B(p). So A(p) <= B(p) and this sequence lists primes p for which this equality holds. All primes for which g = 2 or 4 are in this sequence, since then both 2(p-2), 4(p-4) are < 3(2p-3), the minimum possible value for any r > 1, t of X(t)(rp-t). Equivocal results are found for g >= 6, though in the great majority of cases (up to k=400), g > 6 ==> A(p) < B(p).

Let A,B,X represent A288189, A295185, A056240 respectively. A(p) is defined for every prime, B(p) is defined for primes >= 5. For a prime p with index k >= 3, A(p) = X(t)(rp-t) for some multiple r of p, and some integer t such that rp-t is prime. Then Sopfr(A(p)) = Sopfr(X(t))+(rp-t) = t+rp-t = rp. B(p) = X(g)(p-g) where g = p-q for some prime q = p-g < p. q is the greatest prime divisor of A295185(p), so Sopfr(B(p)) = p. A(p) < B(p) if r and t exist such that (rp-t) is prime, with X(t)(rp-t) < X(g)(p-g). A(p) is computed from the list of possible values in the list of inequalities: 3(2p-3) < 2(3p-2) < 5(2p-5) < 2(5p-2) < ... < X(g)(p-g), selecting the first (smallest) value of (rp-t) which is prime. If such a term exists and is < X(p)(p-g), then A(p) < B(p) and p is in this sequence. Otherwise A(p) = B(p) = X(p)(p-g) and p is in A299760.

Sequence is undefined for n=1,2 since no composites exist whose prime divisors sum to 2, 3. For n >= 3, a(n) = A288814(prime(n)) = prime(n-k)*B(prime(n) - prime(n-k)) where B=A056240, and k >= 1 is the "type" of prime(n), indicated as prime(n)~k(g1,g2,...,gk) where gi = prime(n-(i-1)) - prime(n-i); 1 <= i <= k. Thus: 5~1(2), 211~2(12,2), 4327~3(30,8,6) etc. The sequence relates to gaps between odd primes, and in particular to the sequence of k prime gaps below prime(n). The even-indexed terms of B are relevant, as are those of subsequences:

C=A288313, 2,4 plus terms B(n) where n-3 is prime (A298252),

D=A297150, terms B(n) where n-5 is prime and n-3 is composite (A297925) and

E=A298615, terms B(n) where both n-3 and n-5 are composite (A298366).

The above sequences of indices 2m form a partition of the even numbers and the corresponding terms B(2m) form a partition of the even-indexed terms of A056240. The union of D and E is the sequence A292081 = B-C.

Let g(n,t) = prime(n) - prime(n-t), t < n, and h(n,t) = g(n,t) - g(n,1), 1 < t < n. If g1=g(n,1) is a term in A298252 (g1-3 is prime), then B(g1) is a term in C, so k=1. If g1 belongs to A297925 or A298366 then B(g1) is a term in D or E and the value of k depends on subsequent gaps below prime(n), within a range dependent on g1.

Let range R1(g1) = u - g(n,1) where u is the index in B of the greatest term in C such that C(u) < B(g1). Let range R2(g1) = v-g(n,1) where v is the index in B of the greatest term in D such that D(v) <= B(g1). For all n, R2 < R1, and if g1 is a term in D then R2(g1)=0. Examples: R1(12)=2, R2(12)=0, R1(30)=26, R2(30)=6.

k >= 1 is the smallest integer such that B(g(n,k)) <= B(g(n,t)) for all t satisfying g1 <= g(n,t) <= g1 + R1(g1). For g1-3 prime, k=1. If g1-3 is composite, let z be least integer > 1 such that g(n,z)-3 is prime, and let w be least integer >= 1 such that g(n,w)-5 is prime. Then z "complies" if h(n,z) <= R1, and w "complies" if h(n,w) <= R2. If g1-5 is prime then R2=w=0 and only z is relevant.

B(g1) must belong to C,D or E. If in C (g1-3 is prime) then k=1. If in D (g1-5 is prime), k=z if z complies, otherwise k=1. If B(g1) is in E and z complies but not w then k=z, or if w complies but not z then k=w. If B(g1) is in E and z,w both comply then k=z if 3*(g(n,z)-3) < 5*(g(n,w)-5), otherwise k=w. If neither z nor w comply, then k=1.

Conjecture: For all n >= 3, a(n) >= A288189(n).