A327631 Number T(n,k) of parts in all proper k-times partitions of n; triangle T(n,k), n >= 1, 0 <= k <= n-1, read by rows.

1, 1, 2, 1, 5, 3, 1, 11, 21, 12, 1, 19, 61, 74, 30, 1, 34, 205, 461, 432, 144, 1, 53, 474, 1652, 2671, 2030, 588, 1, 85, 1246, 6795, 17487, 23133, 15262, 3984, 1, 127, 2723, 20966, 76264, 148134, 158452, 88194, 19980, 1, 191, 6277, 69812, 360114, 1002835, 1606434, 1483181, 734272, 151080

Offset: 1

Author

Alois P. Heinz, Sep 19 2019

Keywords

• nonn
• tabl

Comments

In each step at least one part is replaced by the partition of itself into smaller parts. The parts are not resorted.

T(n,k) is defined for all n>=0 and k>=0. The triangle displays only positive terms. All other terms are zero.

Row n is the inverse binomial transform of the n-th row of array A327618.

Examples

			T(4,0) = 1:
  4    (1 part).
T(4,1) = 11 = 2 + 2 + 3 + 4:
  4-> 31    (2 parts)
  4-> 22    (2 parts)
  4-> 211   (3 parts)
  4-> 1111  (4 parts)
T(4,2) = 21 = 3 + 4 + 3 + 3 + 4 + 4:
  4-> 31 -> 211   (3 parts)
  4-> 31 -> 1111  (4 parts)
  4-> 22 -> 112   (3 parts)
  4-> 22 -> 211   (3 parts)
  4-> 22 -> 1111  (4 parts)
  4-> 211-> 1111  (4 parts)
T(4,3) = 12 = 4 + 4 + 4:
  4-> 31 -> 211 -> 1111  (4 parts)
  4-> 22 -> 112 -> 1111  (4 parts)
  4-> 22 -> 211 -> 1111  (4 parts)
Triangle T(n,k) begins:
  1;
  1,   2;
  1,   5,    3;
  1,  11,   21,    12;
  1,  19,   61,    74,    30;
  1,  34,  205,   461,   432,    144;
  1,  53,  474,  1652,  2671,   2030,    588;
  1,  85, 1246,  6795, 17487,  23133,  15262,  3984;
  1, 127, 2723, 20966, 76264, 148134, 158452, 88194, 19980;
  ...
		

Links

• Alois P. Heinz, Rows n = 1..200, flattened
• Wikipedia, Partition (number theory)

Crossrefs

Columns k=0-2 give: A057427, -1+A006128(n), A328042.

Row sums give A327648.

T(n,floor(n/2)) gives A328041.

Cf. A327618, A327632, A327639, A327643.

Programs

Maple

b:= proc(n, i, k) option remember; `if`(n=0, [1, 0],
     `if`(k=0, [1, 1], `if`(i<2, 0, b(n, i-1, k))+
         (h-> (f-> f +[0, f[1]*h[2]/h[1]])(h[1]*
        b(n-i, min(n-i, i), k)))(b(i$2, k-1))))
    end:
T:= (n, k)-> add(b(n$2, i)[2]*(-1)^(k-i)*binomial(k, i), i=0..k):
seq(seq(T(n, k), k=0..n-1), n=1..12);

Mathematica

b[n_, i_, k_] := b[n, i, k] = If[n == 0, {1, 0}, If[k == 0, {1, 1}, If[i < 2, 0, b[n, i - 1, k]] + Function[h, Function[f, f + {0, f[[1]]*h[[2]]/ h[[1]]}][h[[1]]*b[n - i, Min[n - i, i], k]]][b[i, i, k - 1]]]];
T[n_, k_] := Sum[b[n, n, i][[2]]*(-1)^(k - i)*Binomial[k, i], {i, 0, k}];
Table[T[n, k], {n, 1, 12}, {k, 0, n - 1}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Jan 07 2020, after Alois P. Heinz *)

Formula

T(n,k) = Sum_{i=0..k} (-1)^(k-i) * binomial(k,i) * A327618(n,i).

T(n,n-1) = n * A327639(n,n-1) = n * A327643(n) for n >= 1.