cp's OEIS Frontend

This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

Showing 1-5 of 5 results.

A356113 Triangle read by rows. T(n, k) = A355776(n, k) + A355777(n, k). Refining A174159, the Euler minus Narayana/Catalan triangle.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 5, 1, 1, 10, 6, 16, 1, 1, 17, 25, 54, 58, 42, 1, 1, 26, 46, 27, 137, 354, 63, 224, 330, 99, 1, 1, 37, 77, 105, 291, 906, 513, 567, 817, 2883, 957, 811, 1466, 219, 1, 1, 50, 120, 188, 108, 548, 2020, 2632, 1508, 1682, 2356, 10116, 5574, 11724, 978, 4184, 18128, 8436, 2722, 5668, 466, 1
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Peter Luschny, Jul 28 2022

Keywords

Examples

			Triangle T(n, k) begins:
[0] 1;
[1] 1;
[2] 1,   1;
[3] 1,   5,  1;
[4] 1, [10,  6],  16,   1;
[5] 1, [17, 25], [54,  58], 42,  1;
[6] 1, [26, 46,  27], [137, 354, 63], [224, 330],   99,   1;
[7] 1, [37, 77, 105], [291, 906, 513, 567], [817, 2883, 957],[811, 1466], 219, 1;
		

Crossrefs

Cf. A355776, A355777, A356118 (row sums), A174159 (reduced triangle).

Programs

  • SageMath
    for n in range(8):
        print([n], [A355776(n, k) + A355777(n, k)
            for k in range(number_of_partitions(n))])

A356116 Triangle read by row. The reduced triangle of the partition_triangle A355776.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 5, 5, 0, 0, 16, 46, 16, 0, 0, 42, 252, 252, 42, 0, 0, 99, 1086, 2241, 1086, 99, 0, 0, 219, 4097, 15129, 15129, 4097, 219, 0, 0, 466, 14272, 87058, 154426, 87058, 14272, 466, 0, 0, 968, 47300, 452672, 1305062, 1305062, 452672, 47300, 968, 0
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Peter Luschny, Jul 28 2022

Keywords

Comments

By a partition triangle, we understand an irregular triangle where each row corresponds to a mapping of Partitions(n) -> ZZ. We assume a fixed order of the partitions given. Here we will use the ordering defined in A080577. Examples are A355776, A355777, and A134264. 'Reducing' then means summing the values corresponding to the partitions of n with length k. The 'reduced partition triangle' then is a regular triangle with T(n, k) with 1 <= k <= n.
Conversely, A355776, the statistic of permutations whose Lehmer code is nonmonotonic, can be seen as a refinement of this triangle, which in turn is a refinement of the sequence A056986, the number of permutations on [n] containing any given pattern alpha in the symmetric group S_3.

Examples

			Triangle T(n, k) starts:
[1] [0]
[2] [0,   0]
[3] [0,   1,     0]
[4] [0,   5,     5,      0]
[5] [0,  16,    46,     16,       0]
[6] [0,  42,   252,    252,      42,       0]
[7] [0,  99,  1086,   2241,    1086,      99,      0]
[8] [0, 219,  4097,  15129,   15129,    4097,    219,     0]
[9] [0, 466, 14272,  87058,  154426,   87058,  14272,   466,   0]
[10][0, 968, 47300, 452672, 1305062, 1305062, 452672, 47300, 968, 0]
.
Row 6 of the partition triangle A355776 is:
[0, [10, 20, 12], [61,  162, 29], [102, 150], 42, 0]
Adding the bracketed terms reduces this row to row 6 of the above triangle.
		

Crossrefs

A002662 (column 1), A056986 (row sums), A355776 (refinement).

Programs

  • SageMath
    from functools import cache
    @cache
    def Pn(n: int, k: int) -> int:
        if k == 0: return 0
        if n == 0 or k == 1: return 1
        return Pn(n, k - 1) + Pn(n - k, k) if k <= n else Pn(n, k - 1)
    def reduce_parts(fun, n: int) -> list[int]:
        funn: list[int] = fun(n)
        return [sum(funn[Pn(n, k):Pn(n, k + 1)]) for k in range(n)]
    def reduce_partition_triangle(fun, n: int) -> list[list[int]]:
        return [reduce_parts(fun, k) for k in range(1, n)]
    reduce_partition_triangle(A355776_row, 6)

A356262 Partition triangle read by rows counting the irreducible permutations sorted by the partition type of their Lehmer code.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1, 9, 1, 0, 2, 3, 24, 17, 24, 1, 0, 2, 3, 3, 98, 29, 23, 156, 91, 55, 1, 0, 2, 8, 4, 181, 43, 157, 113, 1085, 243, 418, 714, 360, 118, 1, 0, 2, 7, 11, 4, 300, 61, 317, 461, 398, 2985, 536, 1822, 4366, 417, 7684, 1522, 3904, 2788, 1262, 245, 1
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Peter Luschny, Aug 01 2022

Keywords

Comments

This is the Eulerian statistics of permutations as defined in A355777 restricted to the irreducible permutations. This is a refinement of A356263, which can be seen as Euler's triangle restricted to irreducible permutations.
The ordering of the partitions is defined in A080577. See the comments in A356116 for the definition of the terms 'partition triangle' and 'reduced partition triangle'.

Examples

			[0] 1;
[1] 1;
[2] 0, 1;
[3] 0, 2, 1;
[4] 0, [2, 1], 9, 1;
[5] 0, [2, 3], [24, 17], 24, 1;
[6] 0, [2, 3, 3], [98,  29, 23], [156, 91], 55, 1;
[7] 0, [2, 8, 4], [181, 43, 157, 113], [1085, 243, 418], [714, 360], 118, 1;
Summing the bracketed terms reduces the triangle to A356263 .
.
The Lehmer mapping of the irreducible permutations to the partitions, case n = 4, k = 1: 2341 and 4123 map to the partition [3, 1], and 3412 map to the partition [2, 2]. Thus A356263(4, 1) = 2 + 1 = 3. Compare with the example in A355777.
.
The partition mapping of row 4:
[4] => 0
[3, 1] => 2
[2, 2] => 1
[2, 1, 1] => 9
[1, 1, 1, 1] => 1
		

Crossrefs

Cf. A356263 (reduced triangle), A003319 (row sums).
Cf. A355777.

Programs

  • SageMath
    import collections
    def reducible(p) -> bool:
        return any(i for i in range(1, p.size())
            if all(p(j) < p(k)
                for j in range(1, i + 1)
                    for k in range(i + 1, p.size() + 1)
        )   )
    def perm_irreducible_stats(n: int):
        res = collections.defaultdict(int)
        for p in Permutations(n):
            if reducible(p): continue
            l = p.to_lehmer_code()
            c = [l.count(i) for i in range(len(p)) if i in l]
            res[Partition(reversed(sorted(c)))] += 1
        return sorted(res.items(), key=lambda x: len(x[0]))
    @cached_function
    def A356262_row(n):
        if n <= 1: return [1]
        return [0] + [v[1] for v in perm_irreducible_stats(n)]
    def A356262(n, k): return A356262_row(n)[k]
    for n in range(0, 8): print(A356262_row(n))

A355776 Partition triangle read by rows. A statistic of permutations whose Lehmer code is nonmonotonic, refining triangle A356116.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 3, 2, 5, 0, 0, 6, 10, 22, 24, 16, 0, 0, 10, 20, 12, 61, 162, 29, 102, 150, 42, 0, 0, 15, 35, 49, 135, 432, 246, 273, 391, 1389, 461, 388, 698, 99, 0, 0, 21, 56, 90, 52, 260, 982, 1288, 740, 827, 1150, 4974, 2745, 5778, 482, 2057, 8924, 4148, 1333, 2764, 219, 0
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Peter Luschny, Jul 27 2022

Keywords

Comments

We say a list L is weakly increasing if x <= y, and weakly decreasing, if x >= y, for all x, y in L if index(x) < index(y). We say a list L is nonmonotonic if it is not weakly increasing and not weakly decreasing.
The ordering of the partitions is defined in A334439. See the comments in A356116 for the definition of the terms 'partition triangle' and 'reduced partition triangle'.

Examples

			Table T(n, k) starts:
[0]  0;
[1]  0;
[2]  0,  0;
[3]  0,  1,  0;
[4]  0, [3,  2],   5,  0;
[5]  0, [6, 10], [22, 24],   16,  0;
[6]  0, [10, 20, 12], [61,  162, 29], [102, 150],   42,   0;
[7]  0, [15, 35, 49], [135, 432, 246, 273], [391, 1389, 461], [388, 698], 99, 0;
Summing the bracketed terms reduces the triangle to A356116.
.
The permutations whose Lehmer code is nonmonotonic, in the case n = 4, k = 1 are: 1243, 1324, 1423, which map to the partition [3, 1] and 1342, 2143, which map to the partition [2, 2]. Thus A356116(4, 1) = 3 + 2 = 5.
.
The cardinality of the preimage of the partitions, i.e. the number of permutations whose Lehmer code is nonmonotonic, are the terms of the sequence. Here row 6:
[6] => 0
[5, 1] => 10
[4, 2] => 20
[3, 3] => 12
[4, 1, 1] => 61
[3, 2, 1] => 162
[2, 2, 2] => 29
[3, 1, 1, 1] => 102
[2, 2, 1, 1] => 150
[2, 1, 1, 1, 1] => 42
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1] => 0
		

Crossrefs

Cf. A000217 (column 1), A002662 (subdiagonal), A000041 (row lengths), A056986 (row sums), A356116 (reduced triangle), A355777 (Euler-Lehmer).

Programs

  • SageMath
    import collections
    def perm_lehmer_nonmono_stats(n):
        res = collections.defaultdict(int)
        for p in Permutations(n):
            l = p.to_lehmer_code()
            if all(x >= y for x, y in zip(l, l[1:])): continue
            c = [l.count(i) for i in range(len(p)) if i in l]
            res[Partition(reversed(sorted(c)))] += 1
        return sorted(res.items(), key=lambda x: len(x[0]))
    @cached_function
    def A355776_row(n):
        if n < 2: return [0]
        S = perm_lehmer_nonmono_stats(n)
        return [0] + [s[1] for s in S] + [0]
    def A355776(n, k): return A355776_row(n)[k] if n > 0 else 0
    for n in range(0, 8): print(A355776_row(n))

A356114 Number of irreducible permutations of n with partition type [2, 1, 1, ..., 1] (with '1' taken n - 2 times).

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 2, 9, 24, 55, 118, 245, 500, 1011, 2034, 4081, 8176, 16367, 32750, 65517, 131052, 262123, 524266, 1048553, 2097128, 4194279, 8388582, 16777189, 33554404, 67108835, 134217698, 268435425, 536870880, 1073741791, 2147483614, 4294967261, 8589934556, 17179869147
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Peter Luschny, Aug 01 2022

Keywords

Comments

Irreducible permutations in connection with partition types are discussed in A356262. Compare with the subdiagonal of A356263.

Examples

			a(4) = 9 = card({2413, 2431, 3142, 3241, 3421, 4132, 4213, 4231, 4312}). The other two permutations of type [2, 1, 1], 1432 and 3214, are reducible. That there are 11 permutations of type [2, 1, 1] we know from Euler's triangle A173018 or from its refined form A355777.
		

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Maple
    seq(`if`(n < 3, 0, combinat:-eulerian1(n, n - 2) - 2), n = 0..34);

Formula

a(n) = 2^n - n - 3 for n >= 3.
a(n) = Eulerian1(n, n - 2) - 2 for n >= 3.
G.f.: x^3*(2*x^2 - x - 2)/((x - 1)^2*(2*x - 1)).
a(n) = A356263(n, n - 2) for n >= 2.
Showing 1-5 of 5 results.