A007458 -id:A007458 - cp's OEIS frontend

A075152 Number of possible permutations of a Rubik cube of size n X n X n.

1, 3674160, 43252003274489856000, 7401196841564901869874093974498574336000000000, 282870942277741856536180333107150328293127731985672134721536000000000000000

Offset: 1

Warren Power, Sep 05 2002

nonn

More precisely, order of group of n X n X n Rubik cube, under assumptions not-s, not-m, not-i.
The three possible assumptions considered here are the following:
s (for n odd) indicates that we are working in the "supergroup" and so take account of twists of the face centers.
m (for n > 3) indicates that the pieces are marked so that we take account of the permutation of the identically-colored pieces on a face.
i (for n > 3) indicates that we are working in the theoretical invisible group and solve the pieces on the interior of the cube as well as the exterior. It is assumed that the M and S traits apply to the interior pieces as if they were on the exterior of a smaller cube.

Dan Hoey, posting to Cube Lovers List, Jun 24, 1987.
Rowley, Chris, The group of the Hungarian magic cube, in Algebraic structures and applications (Nedlands, 1980), pp. 33-43, Lecture Notes in Pure and Appl. Math., 74, Dekker, New York, 1982.

Robert Munafo, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..27 (first 10 terms from Robert G. Wilson v)
Answers.com, Rubik's Cube.
Isaiah Bowers, How To Solve A Rubik's Cube.
Richard Carr, The Number of Possible Positions of an N x N x N Rubik Cube
Cube Lovers, Discussions on the mathematics of the cube
Cube Lovers Archive, Mailing List
Cube20.org, God's Number is 20
Christophe Goudey, Information
David Joyner, Adventures in Group Theory: Rubik's Cube, Merlin's Machine, and Other Mathematical Toys, 2008. See Example 4.5.1. p. 73.
Naren Ramesh, Generalising the configurations of an N X N X N Rubik's Cube, Parabola (2023) Vol. 59, Issue 3. See p. 22.
Jaap Scherphuis, Puzzle Pages
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Rubik's Cube
WikiHow, How to Solve a Rubik's Cube with the Layer Method
Wikipedia, Rubik's Cube
Wikipedia, Professor's Cube

See A007458, A054434, A074914, A080656-A080662 for other versions.

Cf. A079761, A079762, A152169 (sums give a(2)), A080601, A080602 (sums give a(3)).

f := proc(n) local A,B,C,D,E,F,G; if n mod 2 = 1 then A := (n-1)/2; F := 0; B := 1; C := 1; D := 0; E := (n+1)*(n-3)/4; G := (n-1)*(n-3)/4; else A := n/2; F := 1; B := 1; C := 0; D := 0; E := n*(n-2)/4; G := (n-2)^2/4; fi; (2^A*((8!/2)*3^7)^B*((12!/2)*2^11)^C*((4^6)/2)^D*(24!/2)^E)/(24^F*((24^6)/2)^G); end;

f[n_] := Block[{a, b, c, d, e, f, g}, If[OddQ@ n, a = (n - 1)/2; b = c = 1; d = f = 0; e = (n + 1) (n - 3)/4; g = (n - 1) (n - 3)/4, a = n/2; b = f = 1; c = d = 0; e = n (n - 2)/4; g = (n - 2)^2/4]; Ceiling[(2^a*((8!/2)*3^7)^b*((12!/2)*2^11)^c*((4^6)/2)^d*(24!/2)^e)/(24^f*((24^6)/2)^g)]]; Array[f, 10] (* Robert G. Wilson v, May 23 2009 *)
f[1]=1; f[2]=7!3^6; f[3]=8!3^7 12!2^10;f[n_]:=f[n-2]*24^6*(24!/24^6)^(n-2);Table[f[n],{n,1,10}] (* Herbert Kociemba, Dec 08 2016 *)
f[1]=1;f[n_]:=7!3^6(6*24!!)^(s=Mod[n,2])24!^(r=(n-s)/2-1)(24!/4!^6)^(r(r+s)); Array[f,5] (* Herbert Kociemba, Jul 03 2022 *)

A075152(n) := block( if n = 1 then return (1), [a:1,b:1,c:1,d:1,e:1,f:1,g:1], if mod(n, 2) = 1 then (  a : (n-1)/2,  f : 0,  b : 1,  c : 1,  d : 0,  e : (n+1)*(n-3)/4,  g : (n-1)*(n-3)/4 ) else (  a : n/2,  f : 1,   b : 1,   c : 0,   d : 0,   e : n*(n-2)/4, g : (n-2)^2/4  ), return ( (2^a * ((factorial(8)/2)*3^7)^b * ((factorial(12)/2)*2^11)^c * ((4^6)/2)^d * (factorial(24)/2)^e) / (24^f * ((24^6)/2)^g) ) )$ for i:1 thru 27 step 1 do ( sprint(i, A075152(i)), newline() )$ /* Robert Munafo, Nov 12 2014 */

A075152(n)=ceil(3674160*(11771943321600)^(n%2)*620448401733239439360000^floor((n-2)/2)*(3246670537110000)^floor(((n-2)/2)^2)) \\ Davis Smith, Mar 20 2020

a(1)=1; a(2)=7!*3^6; a(3)=8!*3^7*12!*2^10; a(n)=a(n-2)*24^6*(24!/24^6)^(n-2). - Herbert Kociemba, Dec 08 2016

a(n) = ceiling(3674160*11771943321600^(n mod 2)*620448401733239439360000^floor((n - 2)/2)*3246670537110000^floor(((n - 2)/2)^2)). - Davis Smith, Mar 20 2020

Entry revised by N. J. A. Sloane, Apr 01 2006

Offset changed to 1 by N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 02 2009

A054434 Number of possible positions in an n X n X n Rubik's cube reachable from the starting position.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 88179840, 43252003274489856000, 177628724197557644876978255387965784064000000000, 282870942277741856536180333107150328293127731985672134721536000000000000000

Offset: 1

Antreas P. Hatzipolakis

The sequence counts possible positions of the Rubik's cube considering the positions which are related through rotations of the cube as a whole (there are 24 of those) as distinct. At odd n, the orientation of the cube as a whole is usually considered fixed by the central squares of each face (i. e., the cube as a whole cannot be rotated) so there is a difference compared to A075152 only in the case of even n. - Andrey Zabolotskiy, Jun 07 2016

			From _Andrey Zabolotskiy_, Jun 24 2016 [following Munafo]: (Start)
a(4) = 8! * 3^7 * 24! * 24! / 4!^6 is constituted by:
8! permutation of corners
× (12*2)! permutation of edges
× (6*4)! permutation of centers
× 1 (combination of permutations must be even, but we can achieve what appears to be an odd permutation of the other pieces in the cube by "hiding" a transposition within the indistinguishable pieces of one color)
× 3^8 orientations of corners
/ 3 total orientation of corners must be zero
× 1 (orientations of edges and centers are determined by their position)
/ 4!^6 the four center pieces of each color are indistinguishable
(End)

Francocube forum, [4x4x4] Les maths du 4x4x4
Georges Helm, Rubik's Cube
M. E. Larsen, Rubik's Revenge: The Group Theoretical Solution, Amer. Math. Monthly 92, 381 (1985), DOI:10.2307/2322445.
Christopher Mowla, Math 3900
Robert Munafo, Rubik's Cube and other Cuboid Puzzles
Philippe Picart, Le Rubik's cube
E. Rubik, Rubik Cube Site
Jaap Scherphuis, Puzzle Pages
Xavier Servantie, All about Rubik's cube
Author?, Rubik's Cube
Index entries for sequences related to Rubik cube

See A075152, A007458 for other versions.

f[1]=1; f[2]=24*7!3^6; f[3]=8!3^7 12!2^10; f[n_]:=f[n-2]*24^6*(24!/24^6)^(n-2); Table[f[n], {n, 1, 10}] (* Herbert Kociemba, Dec 08 2016 *)

From Andrey Zabolotskiy, Jun 24 2016: (Start)
a(n) = A075152(n)*24 if n is even,
a(n) = A075152(n) if n is odd.
a(2) = Sum(A080629) = Sum(A080630). (End)
a(1)=1; a(2)=24*7!*3^6; a(3)=8!*3^7*12!*2^10; a(n)=a(n-2)*24^6*(24!/24^6)^(n-2). - Herbert Kociemba, Dec 08 2016

a(4) and a(5) corrected and definition clarified by Andrey Zabolotskiy, Jun 24 2016

A074914 Order of group of n X n X n Rubik cube, under assumptions not-s, m, i.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3674160, 43252003274489856000, 31180187340244394380451751732775816935095098996162560000000000, 55852096265861522186773299669081144244056150466856272776458775940912440274885530047848906752000000000000000000

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Feb 28 2003

nonn

The three possible assumptions considered here are the following:
s (for n odd) indicates that we are working in the "supergroup" and so take account of twists of the face centers.
m (for n > 3) indicates that the pieces are marked so that we take account of the permutation of the identically-colored pieces on a face.
i (for n > 3) indicates that we are working in the theoretical invisible group and solve the pieces on the interior of the cube as well as the exterior. It is assumed that the M and S traits apply to the interior pieces as if they were on the exterior of a smaller cube.

Dan Hoey, posting to Cube Lovers List, Jun 24, 1987.
C. A. Pickover, The Math Book, Sterling, NY, 2009; see p. 452.
Rowley, Chris, The group of the Hungarian magic cube, in Algebraic structures and applications (Nedlands, 1980), pp. 33-43, Lecture Notes in Pure and Appl. Math., 74, Dekker, New York, 1982.

Alan Bawden, Cube Lovers Archive, Part 6

See A007458, A054434, A075152, A080656-A080662 for other versions.

f := proc(n) local A,B,C,D,E,F,G; if n mod 2 = 1 then A := (n-1)/2; B := (n-1)/2; C := (n-1)/2; D := 0; E := (n+4)*(n-1)*(n-3)/24; F := 0; G := 0; else A := n/2; B := n/2; C := 0; D := 0; E := n*(n^2-4)/24; F := 1; G := 0; fi; (2^A*((8!/2)*3^7)^B*((12!/2)*2^11)^C*((4^6)/2)^D*(24!/2)^E)/(24^F*((24^6)/2)^G); end;

A080656 Order of group of n X n X n Rubik cube, under assumptions not-s, m, not-i.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3674160, 43252003274489856000, 707195371192426622240452051915172831683411968000000000, 2582636272886959379162819698174683585918088940054237132144778804568925405184000000000000000

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Mar 01 2003

nonn

The three possible assumptions considered here are the following:
s (for n odd) indicates that we are working in the "supergroup" and so take account of twists of the face centers.
m (for n > 3) indicates that the pieces are marked so that we take account of the permutation of the identically-colored pieces on a face.
i (for n > 3) indicates that we are working in the theoretical invisible group and solve the pieces on the interior of the cube as well as the exterior. It is assumed that the M and S traits apply to the interior pieces as if they were on the exterior of a smaller cube.

Dan Hoey, posting to Cube Lovers List, Jun 24, 1987.
Rowley, Chris, The group of the Hungarian magic cube, in Algebraic structures and applications (Nedlands, 1980), pp. 33-43, Lecture Notes in Pure and Appl. Math., 74, Dekker, New York, 1982.

Alan Bawden, Cube Lovers Archive, Part 6

See A007458, A054434, A075152, A074914, A080658, A080659, A080660, A080661, A080662 for other versions.

f := proc(n) local A,B,C,D,E,F,G; if n mod 2 = 1 then A := (n-1)/2; B := 1; C := 1; D := 0; E := (n+1)*(n-3)/4; F := 0; G := 0; else A := n/2; B := 1; C := 0; D := 0; E := n*(n-2)/4; F := 1; G := 0; fi; (2^A*((8!/2)*3^7)^B*((12!/2)*2^11)^C*((4^6)/2)^D*(24!/2)^E)/(24^F*((24^6)/2)^G); end;

f[1]=1;f[2]=7!3^6;f[3]=8!3^7 12!2^10;f[n_]:=f[n-2]*24!(24!/2)^(n-3); Array[f,5] (* Herbert Kociemba, Dec 08 2016 *)
f[1]=1;f[n_]:=7!3^6(6*24!!)^(s=Mod[n,2])24!^(r=(n-s)/2-1)(24!/2)^(r(r+s)); Array[f,5] (* Herbert Kociemba, Jul 03 2022 *)

a(1)=1; a(2)=7!*3^6; a(3)=8!*3^7*12!*2^10; a(n)=a(n-2)*24!*(24!/2)^(n-3). - Herbert Kociemba, Dec 08 2016

A080662 Order of group of n X n X n Rubik cube, under assumptions s, not-m, i.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3674160, 88580102706155225088000, 326318176648849198250599213408124182588293120000000000, 25658098810418462614156980952771358874191154069919957663814291417013979423841452032000000000000000000

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Mar 01 2003

nonn

The three possible assumptions considered here are the following:
s (for n odd) indicates that we are working in the "supergroup" and so take account of twists of the face centers.
m (for n > 3) indicates that the pieces are marked so that we take account of the permutation of the identically-colored pieces on a face.
i (for n > 3) indicates that we are working in the theoretical invisible group and solve the pieces on the interior of the cube as well as the exterior. It is assumed that the M and S traits apply to the interior pieces as if they were on the exterior of a smaller cube.

Dan Hoey, posting to Cube Lovers List, Jun 24, 1987.
Rowley, Chris, The group of the Hungarian magic cube, in Algebraic structures and applications (Nedlands, 1980), pp. 33-43, Lecture Notes in Pure and Appl. Math., 74, Dekker, New York, 1982.

Alan Bawden, Cube Lovers Archive, Part 6

See A007458, A054434, A075152, A074914, A080656-A080661 for other versions.

f := proc(n) local A,B,C,D,E,F,G; if n mod 2 = 1 then A := (n-1)/2; F := 0; B := (n-1)/2; C := (n-1)/2; D := (n-1)/2; E := (n+4)*(n-1)*(n-3)/24; G := (n^2-1)*(n-3)/24; else A := n/2; F := 1; B := n/2; C := 0; D := 0; E := n*(n^2-4)/24; G := n*(n-1)*(n-2)/24; fi; (2^A*((8!/2)*3^7)^B*((12!/2)*2^11)^C*((4^6)/2)^D*(24!/2)^E)/(24^F*((24^6)/2)^G); end;

A080661 Order of group of n X n X n Rubik cube, under assumptions s, not-m, not-i.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3674160, 88580102706155225088000, 7401196841564901869874093974498574336000000000, 579319689784815322186097322203443872344325595106656531909705728000000000000000

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Mar 01 2003

nonn

The three possible assumptions considered here are the following:
s (for n odd) indicates that we are working in the "supergroup" and so take account of twists of the face centers.
m (for n > 3) indicates that the pieces are marked so that we take account of the permutation of the identically-colored pieces on a face.
i (for n > 3) indicates that we are working in the theoretical invisible group and solve the pieces on the interior of the cube as well as the exterior. It is assumed that the M and S traits apply to the interior pieces as if they were on the exterior of a smaller cube.

Dan Hoey, posting to Cube Lovers List, Jun 24, 1987.
Rowley, Chris, The group of the Hungarian magic cube, in Algebraic structures and applications (Nedlands, 1980), pp. 33-43, Lecture Notes in Pure and Appl. Math., 74, Dekker, New York, 1982.

Alan Bawden, Cube Lovers Archive, Part 6

See A007458, A054434, A075152, A074914, A080656-A080662 for other versions.

f := proc(n) local A,B,C,D,E,F,G; if n mod 2 = 1 then A := (n-1)/2; F := 0; B := 1; C := 1; D := 1; E := (n+1)*(n-3)/4; G := (n-1)*(n-3)/4; else A := n/2; F := 1; B := 1; C := 0; D := 0; E := n*(n-2)/4; G := (n-2)^2/4; fi; (2^A*((8!/2)*3^7)^B*((12!/2)*2^11)^C*((4^6)/2)^D*(24!/2)^E)/(24^F*((24^6)/2)^G); end;

A080658 Order of group of n X n X n Rubik cube, under assumptions not-s, not-m, i.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3674160, 43252003274489856000, 326318176648849198250599213408124182588293120000000000, 6117367460827460912265057790940131872699535863380422035173008779767508369408000000000000000000

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Mar 01 2003

nonn

The three possible assumptions considered here are the following:
s (for n odd) indicates that we are working in the "supergroup" and so take account of twists of the face centers.
m (for n > 3) indicates that the pieces are marked so that we take account of the permutation of the identically-colored pieces on a face.
i (for n > 3) indicates that we are working in the theoretical invisible group and solve the pieces on the interior of the cube as well as the exterior. It is assumed that the M and S traits apply to the interior pieces as if they were on the exterior of a smaller cube.

Dan Hoey, posting to Cube Lovers List, Jun 24, 1987.
Rowley, Chris, The group of the Hungarian magic cube, in Algebraic structures and applications (Nedlands, 1980), pp. 33-43, Lecture Notes in Pure and Appl. Math., 74, Dekker, New York, 1982.

Alan Bawden, Cube Lovers Archive, Part 6

See A007458, A054434, A075152, A074914, A080656-A080662 for other versions.

f := proc(n) local A,B,C,D,E,F,G; if n mod 2 = 1 then A := (n-1)/2; F := 0; B := (n-1)/2; C := (n-1)/2; D := 0; E := (n+4)*(n-1)*(n-3)/24; G := (n^2-1)*(n-3)/24; else A := n/2; F := 1; B := n/2; C := 0; D := 0; E := n*(n^2-4)/24; G := n*(n-1)*(n-2)/24; fi; (2^A*((8!/2)*3^7)^B*((12!/2)*2^11)^C*((4^6)/2)^D*(24!/2)^E)/(24^F*((24^6)/2)^G); end;

A080659 Order of group of n X n X n Rubik cube, under assumptions s, m, i.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3674160, 88580102706155225088000, 31180187340244394380451751732775816935095098996162560000000000, 234260670776288045954071997895225719627421688127737132331392149764072811894713478221812860985540608000000000000000000

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Mar 01 2003

nonn

The three possible assumptions considered here are the following:
s (for n odd) indicates that we are working in the "supergroup" and so take account of twists of the face centers.
m (for n > 3) indicates that the pieces are marked so that we take account of the permutation of the identically-colored pieces on a face.
i (for n > 3) indicates that we are working in the theoretical invisible group and solve the pieces on the interior of the cube as well as the exterior. It is assumed that the M and S traits apply to the interior pieces as if they were on the exterior of a smaller cube.

Dan Hoey, posting to Cube Lovers List, Jun 24, 1987.
Rowley, Chris, The group of the Hungarian magic cube, in Algebraic structures and applications (Nedlands, 1980), pp. 33-43, Lecture Notes in Pure and Appl. Math., 74, Dekker, New York, 1982.

Alan Bawden, Cube Lovers Archive, Part 6

See A007458, A054434, A075152, A074914, A080656-A080662 for other versions.

f := proc(n) local A,B,C,D,E,F,G; if n mod 2 = 1 then A := (n-1)/2; F := 0; B := (n-1)/2; C := (n-1)/2; D := (n-1)/2; E := (n+4)*(n-1)*(n-3)/24; G := 0; else A := n/2; F := 1; B := n/2; C := 0; D := 0; E := n*(n^2-4)/24; G := 0; fi; (2^A*((8!/2)*3^7)^B*((12!/2)*2^11)^C*((4^6)/2)^D*(24!/2)^E)/(24^F*((24^6)/2)^G); end;

A080660 Order of group of n X n X n Rubik cube, under assumptions s, m, not-i.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3674160, 88580102706155225088000, 707195371192426622240452051915172831683411968000000000, 5289239086872492808525454741861751983960246149231077646632506991757159229816832000000000000000

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Mar 01 2003

nonn

The three possible assumptions considered here are the following:
s (for n odd) indicates that we are working in the "supergroup" and so take account of twists of the face centers.
m (for n > 3) indicates that the pieces are marked so that we take account of the permutation of the identically-colored pieces on a face.
i (for n > 3) indicates that we are working in the theoretical invisible group and solve the pieces on the interior of the cube as well as the exterior. It is assumed that the M and S traits apply to the interior pieces as if they were on the exterior of a smaller cube.

Dan Hoey, posting to Cube Lovers List, Jun 24, 1987.
Rowley, Chris, The group of the Hungarian magic cube, in Algebraic structures and applications (Nedlands, 1980), pp. 33-43, Lecture Notes in Pure and Appl. Math., 74, Dekker, New York, 1982.

Alan Bawden, Cube Lovers Archive, Part 6

See A007458, A054434, A075152, A074914, A080656-A080662 for other versions.

f := proc(n) local A,B,C,D,E,F,G; if n mod 2 = 1 then A := (n-1)/2; F := 0; B := 1; C := 1; D := 1; E := (n+1)*(n-3)/4; G := 0; else A := n/2; F := 1; B := 1; C := 0; D := 0; E := n*(n-2)/4; G := 0; fi; (2^A*((8!/2)*3^7)^B*((12!/2)*2^11)^C*((4^6)/2)^D*(24!/2)^E)/(24^F*((24^6)/2)^G); end;

f[1]=1;f[2]=7!3^6;f[3]=8!3^7 12!2^10 4^6/2;f[n_]:=f[n-2]*24!(24!/2)^(n-3);Table[f[n],{n,1,10}] (* Herbert Kociemba, Dec 08 2016 *)

a(1)=1 ;a(2)=7!*3^6; a(3)=8!*3^7*12!*2^10*4^6/2; a(n)=a(n-2)*24!*(24!/2)^(n-3). - Herbert Kociemba, Dec 08 2016

A330389 Maximal order of an element in the n X n X n Rubik's cube group.

Original entry on oeis.org

45, 1260, 765765, 281801520, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880, 5354228880

Offset: 2

Dmitry Kamenetsky, Dec 13 2019

nonn

For the standard Rubik's cube (n = 3) the longest period 1260 is obtained with the moves RU2D'BD'.

a(n) = a(6) for all n > 6.

Math StackExchange, Determine the highest order of an element of a Rubik's Cube group.
Puzzling StackExchange, Worst way to solve Rubik's in one algorithm.

Cf. A007458, A054434, A075152, A257401.

cp's OEIS Frontend

A075152 Number of possible permutations of a Rubik cube of size n X n X n.

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A054434 Number of possible positions in an n X n X n Rubik's cube reachable from the starting position.

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A074914 Order of group of n X n X n Rubik cube, under assumptions not-s, m, i.

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A080656 Order of group of n X n X n Rubik cube, under assumptions not-s, m, not-i.

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A080662 Order of group of n X n X n Rubik cube, under assumptions s, not-m, i.

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A080661 Order of group of n X n X n Rubik cube, under assumptions s, not-m, not-i.

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A080658 Order of group of n X n X n Rubik cube, under assumptions not-s, not-m, i.

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