A024996 Triangular array, read by rows: second differences in n,n direction of trinomial array A027907.

1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 2, 0, 1, 1, 1, 3, 2, 3, 1, 1, 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 6, 5, 2, 1, 1, 3, 8, 13, 19, 20, 19, 13, 8, 3, 1, 1, 4, 12, 24, 40, 52, 58, 52, 40, 24, 12, 4, 1, 1, 5, 17, 40, 76, 116, 150, 162, 150, 116, 76, 40, 17, 5, 1, 1, 6, 23, 62, 133, 232, 342, 428, 462, 428, 342, 232, 133, 62, 23, 6

Offset: 0

Author

Clark Kimberling

Keywords

• nonn
• tabf
• easy

Comments

For n > 2, T(n,k) is the number of integer strings s(0), ..., s(n) such that s(n) = n - k, s(0) = 0, |s(i) - s(i-1)| = 1 for i = 1,2 and <= 1 for i >= 3.

Examples

			                  1
               1  0  1
            1  0  2  0  1
         1  1  3  2  3  1  1
      1  2  5  6  8  6  5  2  1
   1  3  8 13 19 20 19 13  8  3  1
		

Links

• G. C. Greubel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1874 [a(676) ff. corrected by _Georg Fischer_, Jun 24 2020]

Crossrefs

First differences in n, n direction of array A025177.

Central column is essentially A024997, other columns are A024998, A026069, A026070, A026071. Row sums are in A025579.

Cf. A027907, A026552, A024072.

Programs

Julia

using Nemo
function A024996Expansion(prec)
    R, t = PolynomialRing(ZZ, "t")
    S, x = PowerSeriesRing(R, prec+1, "x")
    ser = divexact(x^2*t^3 + x^2*t + x*t - 1, x*t^2 + x*t + x - 1)
    L = zeros(ZZ, prec^2)
    for k ∈ 0:prec-1, n ∈ 0:2*k
        L[k^2+n+1] = coeff(coeff(ser, k), n)
    end
    L
end
A024996Expansion(8) |> println # Peter Luschny, Jun 25 2020

Maple

A024996 := proc(n,k)
    option remember;
    if n < 0 or k < 0 or k > 2*n then
        0 ;
    elif n <= 2 then
        if k = 2*n or k = 0 then
            1;
        elif k = 2*n-1 or k = 1 then
            0;
        elif k =2 then
            2;
        end if;
    else
        procname(n-1,k-1)+procname(n-1,k-2)+procname(n-1,k) ;
    end if;
end proc: # R. J. Mathar, Jun 23 2013
seq(seq(A024996(n,k), k=0..2*n), n=0..11); # added by Georg Fischer, Jun 24 2020

Mathematica

nmax = 10; CoefficientList[CoefficientList[Series[y*x + (1 - y*x)^2/(1 - x*(1 + y + y^2)), {x, 0, nmax}, {y, 0, 2*nmax}], x], y] // Flatten (* G. C. Greubel, May 22 2017; amended by Georg Fischer, Jun 24 2020 *)

PARI

T(n,k)=if(n<0||k<0||k>2*n,0,if(n==0,1,if(n==1,[1,0,1][k+1],if(n==2,[1,0,2,0,1][k+1],T(n-1,k-2)+T(n-1,k-1)+T(n-1,k))))) \\ Ralf Stephan, Jan 09 2004
nmax=8; for(n=0, nmax, for(k=0, 2*n, print1(T(n,k),","))) \\ added by _Georg Fischer, Jun 24 2020

Formula

T(n, k) = T(n-1, k-2) + T(n-1, k-1) + T(n-1, k), starting with [1], [1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 2, 0, 1].

G.f.: y*z + (1-y*z)^2 / (1-z*(1+y+y^2)). - Ralf Stephan, Jan 09 2005 [corrected by Peter Luschny, Jun 25 2020]

Extensions

Edited by Ralf Stephan, Jan 09 2004

Offset corrected by R. J. Mathar, Jun 23 2013