A078972 Brilliant numbers: semiprimes (products of two primes, A001358) whose prime factors have the same number of decimal digits.

4, 6, 9, 10, 14, 15, 21, 25, 35, 49, 121, 143, 169, 187, 209, 221, 247, 253, 289, 299, 319, 323, 341, 361, 377, 391, 403, 407, 437, 451, 473, 481, 493, 517, 527, 529, 533, 551, 559, 583, 589, 611, 629, 649, 667, 671, 689, 697, 703, 713, 731, 737, 767, 779, 781

Offset: 1

Author

Jason Earls, Jan 12 2003

Keywords

• base
• easy
• nonn

Comments

"Brilliant numbers, as defined by Peter Wallrodt, are numbers with two prime factors of the same length (in decimal notation). These numbers are generally used for cryptographic purposes and for testing the performance of prime factoring programs." [Alpern]

Up to 10^8 the approximate sum of reciprocals is ~1.232884485... - Jason Earls, Oct 15 2010

Let f(n) = a(n) - floor(sqrt(a(n)))^2, or how much larger a(n) is than the largest square number <= a(n). Then f(n) is odd for all even squares, and even for all odd squares where n > 5. See "Ulam spiral" in links. - Christian N. K. Anderson, Jun 12 2013

Examples

			1711 = 29*59 is in the sequence since both of its factors have two digits.
		

References

• P. D. James, The Private Patient, Knopf, NY, 2008, p. 192. (from N. J. A. Sloane, Aug 27 2009)

Links

• T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10537
• Dario Alpern, Brilliant Numbers.
• Christian N. K. Anderson, Ulam Spiral of n=1..3000.

Crossrefs

Cf. A001358, A085647, A084126, A084127, A055642, A085721, A376703, A376704.

Row 2 of A376738.

Programs

Haskell

import Data.Function (on)
a078972 n = a078972_list !! (n-1)
a078972_list = filter brilliant a001358_list where
   brilliant x = (on (==) a055642) p (x `div` p) where p = a020639 x
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 10 2013, Mar 22 2014

Mathematica

fQ[n_] := Block[{fi = FactorInteger@n}, Plus @@ Last /@ fi == 2 && Floor[ Log[10, fi[[1, 1]] ]] == Floor[ Log[10, fi[[ -1, 1]] ]]]; Select[ Range@792, fQ@# &] (* Robert G. Wilson v, May 26 2006 *)
Select[Range[800],PrimeOmega[#]==2&&Length[Union[IntegerLength[FactorInteger[#][[;;,1]]]]]==1&] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jan 24 2025 *)
Select[Range@1000, Differences@IntegerLength@Flatten@(ConstantArray@@#&/@FactorInteger[#]) == {0} &] (* Hans Rudolf Widmer, Oct 25 2022 *)
dlist2[d_] := Union[Times @@@ Tuples[Prime[Range[PrimePi[10^(d-1)] + 1, PrimePi[10^d]]], 2]]; (* Generates terms with d-digits prime factors *)
Flatten[Array[dlist2, 2]] (* Paolo Xausa, Oct 05 2024 *)

PARI

is(n)=my(f=factor(n));(#f[,1]==1 && f[1,2]==2) || (#f[,1]==2 && f[1,2]==1 && f[2,2]==1 && #Str(f[1,1])==#Str(f[2,1])) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jun 16 2011

Python

from sympy import sieve
A078972 = []
for n in range(3):
    pr = list(sieve.primerange(10**n,10**(n+1)))
    for i,p in enumerate(pr):
        for q in pr[i:]:
            A078972.append(p*q)
A078972 = sorted(A078972)
# Chai Wah Wu, Aug 26 2014

Formula

a(n) = A239585(n) * A239586(n). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Mar 22 2014

Extensions

Edited by N. J. A. Sloane, Aug 27 2009