A085713 Consider numbers k such that phi(x) = k has exactly 3 solutions and they are (3*p, 4*p, 6*p) where p is 1 or a prime. Sequence gives values of p.

1, 23, 29, 47, 53, 59, 71, 83, 103, 107, 131, 149, 167, 173, 179, 191, 197, 223, 227, 239, 263, 269, 283, 293, 311, 317, 347, 359, 373, 383, 389, 419, 431, 443, 467, 479, 491, 503, 509, 557, 563, 569, 587, 599, 643, 647, 653, 659, 677, 683, 709, 719

Offset: 1

Author

Alford Arnold, Jul 19 2003

Keywords

• nonn

Comments

Prime numbers in this sequence are called prime replicators of 2, by Stolarski and Greenbaum, (3, 4, 6) being the solutions of phi(x)=2. - Michel Marcus, Oct 20 2012

Prime numbers in this sequence when multiplied by 2 equal k + 2. For example, 83 * 2 = 164 + 2. - Torlach Rush, Jun 16 2018

Examples

			83 is a term because the three solutions (249,332,498) to phi(x) = 164 can be written as (3*83, 4*83, 6*83).
		

Links

• Amiram Eldar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000 (terms 1..500 from Reinhard Zumkeller)
• Max Alekseyev, PARI/GP Scripts for Miscellaneous Math Problems (invphi.gp).
• K. B. Stolarski and S. Greenbaum, A Ratio Associated with phi(x) = n, The Fibonacci Quarterly, Volume 23, Number 3, August 1985, pp. 265-269.

Crossrefs

Cf. A000010, A002202, A007367, A007374, A032447, A058277, A064275.

Cf. A007614, A010051.

Programs

Haskell

import Data.List.Ordered (insertBag)
import Data.List (groupBy); import Data.Function (on)
a085713 n = a085713_list !! (n-1)
a085713_list = 1 : r yx3ss where
   r (ps:pss) | a010051' cd == 1 &&
                map (flip div cd) ps == [3, 4, 6] = cd : r pss
              | otherwise = r pss  where cd = foldl1 gcd ps
   yx3ss = filter ((== 3) . length) $
       map (map snd) $ groupBy ((==) `on` fst) $
       f [1..] a002110_list []
       where f is'@(i:is) ps'@(p:ps) yxs
              | i < p = f is ps' $ insertBag (a000010' i, i) yxs
              | otherwise = yxs' ++ f is' ps yxs''
              where (yxs', yxs'') = span ((<= a000010' i) . fst) yxs
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 25 2015

Mathematica

t = Table[ EulerPhi[n], {n, 1, 5000}]; u = Union[ Select[t, Count[t, # ] == 3 &]]; a = {}; Do[k = 1; While[ EulerPhi[3k] != u[[n]], k++ ]; AppendTo[a, k], {n, 1, 60}]; Sort[a]

PARI

is(p) = if(p > 1 && !isprime(p), 0, invphi(eulerphi(3*p)) == [3*p, 4*p, 6*p]); \\ Amiram Eldar, Nov 19 2024, using Max Alekseyev's invphi.gp

Extensions

Edited and extended by Robert G. Wilson v, Jul 19 2003

Nonprimes 343=7^3 and 361=19^2 deleted by Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 25 2015