A122396 -id:A122396 - cp's OEIS frontend

A087139 Least k>1 such that p^k - p^(k-1) + 1 is prime for p = prime(n).

2, 2, 3, 2, 11, 2, 5, 30, 15, 3, 6, 10, 81, 3, 17, 961, 15, 7, 2, 5, 6, 2, 3, 3, 12, 3, 57, 5, 16, 5, 166, 15, 13, 2, 3, 2, 30, 2, 25, 3, 47, 3, 3, 2, 521, 9, 3, 15, 17, 42, 17, 51, 39

Offset: 1

T. D. Noe, Aug 18 2003

The next term in this sequence, a(54) for the prime p=251, is greater than 73000.
Is there a prime p such that p^k - p^(k-1) + 1 is composite for all k > 1? For the related question of Sierpinski numbers (n such that n*2^k+1 is composite for all k ), the answer is yes.
If n=251^k-251^(k-1)+1 is prime then k mod 10 = 1,5,7 or 9 because n mod 3 = 0 iff k is even and n mod 11 = 0 iff k mod 5 = 3. More exponents can be cleared this way. - Bernardo Boncompagni, Oct 23 2005
Note that k cannot be 8, 14, 20, ... (i.e. k == 2 mod 6) because then p^2 - p + 1 divides p^k - p^(k-1) + 1. - T. D. Noe, Aug 31 2006

See A087126.

Cf. A040076 (Sierpinski numbers), A087126 (primes of the form p^k - p^(k-1) + 1).

Cf. A122396.

lst={}; Do[p=Prime[n]; i=2; While[m=p^i-p^(i-1)+1; !PrimeQ[m], i++ ]; AppendTo[lst, i], {n, 53}]; lst

A122395 Primes of the form p^k - p^(k-1) - 1, with p prime and k>1.

Original entry on oeis.org

3, 5, 7, 17, 19, 31, 41, 53, 109, 127, 271, 293, 499, 811, 929, 2027, 2161, 3659, 4373, 4421, 4969, 8191, 9311, 10099, 13121, 13309, 16001, 17029, 19181, 22051, 32579, 38611, 57839, 72091, 78607, 93941, 109229, 128521, 131071, 143261, 157211

Offset: 1

T. D. Noe, Aug 31 2006

nonn

The paper by Stein and Williams gives a method for finding primes of this form when k>(p+1)/2.

Robert Israel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Andreas Stein and H. C. Williams, Explicit primality criteria for (p-1)p^n-1, Math. Comp. 69 (2000), 1721-1734.

Cf. A122396.

N:= 10^6: # for terms <= N
p:= 1: R:= NULL:
do
  p:= nextprime(p);
  if p^2 - p - 1 > N then break fi;
  for k from 2 do
    q:= p^k - p^(k-1)-1;
    if q > N then break fi;
    if isprime(q) then R:= R, q fi;
od od:
sort(convert({R},list)); # Robert Israel, Mar 12 2023

nn=10^6; lst={}; n=1; While[p=Prime[n]; k=2; While[m=p^k-p^(k-1)-1; m2, n++ ]; lst=Union[lst]

A305531 Smallest k >= 1 such that (n-1)*n^k + 1 is prime.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 10, 3, 1, 2, 1, 1, 4, 1, 29, 14, 1, 1, 14, 2, 1, 2, 4, 1, 2, 4, 5, 12, 2, 1, 2, 2, 9, 16, 1, 2, 80, 1, 2, 4, 2, 3, 16, 2, 2, 2, 1, 15, 960, 15, 1, 4, 3, 1, 14, 1, 6, 20, 1, 3, 946, 6, 1, 18, 10, 1, 4, 1, 5, 42, 4, 1, 828, 1, 1, 2, 1, 12, 2, 6, 4, 30, 3, 3022, 2, 1, 1

Offset: 2

Eric Chen, Jun 04 2018

nonn

a(prime(j)) + 1 = A087139(j).
a(123) > 10^5, a(342) > 10^5, see the Barnes link for the Sierpinski base-123 and base-342 problems.
a(251) > 73000, see A087139.

Eric Chen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 2..122
Gary Barnes, Sierpinski conjectures and proofs
Eric Chen, Table n, a(n) for n = 2..360 status

For the numbers k such that these forms are prime:
a1(b): numbers k such that (b-1)*b^k-1 is prime
a2(b): numbers k such that (b-1)*b^k+1 is prime
a3(b): numbers k such that (b+1)*b^k-1 is prime
a4(b): numbers k such that (b+1)*b^k+1 is prime (no such k exists when b == 1 (mod 3))
a5(b): numbers k such that b^k-(b-1) is prime
a6(b): numbers k such that b^k+(b-1) is prime
a7(b): numbers k such that b^k-(b+1) is prime
a8(b): numbers k such that b^k+(b+1) is prime (no such k exists when b == 1 (mod 3)).
Using "-------" if there is currently no OEIS sequence and "xxxxxxx" if no such k exists (this occurs only for a4(b) and a8(b) for b == 1 (mod 3)):
.
   b   a1(b)   a2(b)   a3(b)   a4(b)   a5(b)   a6(b)   a7(b)   a8(b)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
   2 A000043 ------- A002235 A002253 A000043 ------- A050414 A057732
   3 A003307 A003306 A005540 A005537 A014224 A051783 A058959 A058958
   4 A272057 ------- ------- xxxxxxx A059266 A089437 A217348 xxxxxxx
   5 A046865 A204322 A257790 A143279 A059613 A124621 A165701 A089142
   6 A079906 A247260 ------- ------- A059614 A145106 A217352 A217351
   7 A046866 A245241 ------- xxxxxxx A191469 A217130 A217131 xxxxxxx
   8 A268061 A269544 ------- ------- A217380 A217381 A217383 A217382
   9 A268356 A056799 ------- ------- A177093 A217385 A217493 A217492
  10 A056725 A056797 A111391 xxxxxxx A095714 A088275 A092767 xxxxxxx
  11 A046867 A057462 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
  12 A079907 A251259 ------- ------- ------- A137654 ------- -------
  13 A297348 ------- ------- xxxxxxx ------- ------- ------- xxxxxxx
  14 A273523 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
  15 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
  16 ------- ------- ------- xxxxxxx ------- ------- ------- xxxxxxx
Cf. (smallest k such that these forms are prime) A122396 (a1(b)+1 for prime b), A087139 (a2(b)+1 for prime b), A113516 (a5(b)), A076845 (a6(b)), A178250 (a7(b)).

a(n)=for(k=1,2^16,if(ispseudoprime((n-1)*n^k+1),return(k)))

cp's OEIS Frontend

A087139 Least k>1 such that p^k - p^(k-1) + 1 is prime for p = prime(n).

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

References

Crossrefs

Programs

Mathematica

A122395 Primes of the form p^k - p^(k-1) - 1, with p prime and k>1.

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Maple

Mathematica

A305531 Smallest k >= 1 such that (n-1)*n^k + 1 is prime.

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

PARI