A216368 -id:A216368 - cp's OEIS frontend

A215703 A(n,k) is the n-th derivative of f_k at x=1, and f_k is the k-th of all functions that are representable as x^x^...^x with m>=1 x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways; square array A(n,k), n>=0, k>=1, read by antidiagonals.

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 1, 1, 4, 3, 0, 1, 1, 2, 12, 8, 0, 1, 1, 6, 9, 52, 10, 0, 1, 1, 4, 27, 32, 240, 54, 0, 1, 1, 2, 18, 156, 180, 1188, -42, 0, 1, 1, 2, 15, 100, 1110, 954, 6804, 944, 0, 1, 1, 8, 9, 80, 650, 8322, 6524, 38960, -5112, 0, 1, 1, 6, 48, 56, 590, 4908, 70098, 45016, 253296, 47160, 0

Offset: 0

Alois P. Heinz, Aug 21 2012

A000081(m) distinct functions are representable as x^x^...^x with m>=1 x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways.  Some functions are representable in more than one way, the number of valid parenthesizations is A000108(m-1).  The f_k are ordered, such that the number m of x's in f_k is a nondecreasing function of k.  The exact ordering is defined by the algorithm below.
The list of functions f_1, f_2, ... begins:
  | f_k : m : function (tree)  : representation(s)        : sequence |
  +-----+---+------------------+--------------------------+----------+
  | f_1 | 1 | x -> x           | x                        | A019590  |
  | f_2 | 2 | x -> x^x         | x^x                      | A005727  |
  | f_3 | 3 | x -> x^(x*x)     | (x^x)^x                  | A215524  |
  | f_4 | 3 | x -> x^(x^x)     | x^(x^x)                  | A179230  |
  | f_5 | 4 | x -> x^(x*x*x)   | ((x^x)^x)^x              | A215704  |
  | f_6 | 4 | x -> x^(x^x*x)   | (x^x)^(x^x), (x^(x^x))^x | A215522  |
  | f_7 | 4 | x -> x^(x^(x*x)) | x^((x^x)^x)              | A215705  |
  | f_8 | 4 | x -> x^(x^(x^x)) | x^(x^(x^x))              | A179405  |

			Square array A(n,k) begins:
  1,   1,    1,    1,     1,     1,     1,     1, ...
  1,   1,    1,    1,     1,     1,     1,     1, ...
  0,   2,    4,    2,     6,     4,     2,     2, ...
  0,   3,   12,    9,    27,    18,    15,     9, ...
  0,   8,   52,   32,   156,   100,    80,    56, ...
  0,  10,  240,  180,  1110,   650,   590,   360, ...
  0,  54, 1188,  954,  8322,  4908,  5034,  2934, ...
  0, -42, 6804, 6524, 70098, 41090, 47110, 26054, ...

Alois P. Heinz, Antidiagonals n = 0..140, flattened

Columns k=1-17, 37 give: A019590, A005727, A215524, A179230, A215704, A215522, A215705, A179405, A215706, A215707, A215708, A215709, A215691, A215710, A215643, A215629, A179505, A211205.
Rows n=0+1, 2-10 give: A000012, A215841, A215842, A215834, A215835, A215836, A215837, A215838, A215839, A215840.
Number of distinct values taken for m x's by derivatives n=1-10: A000012, A028310, A199085, A199205, A199296, A199883, A215796, A215971, A216062, A216403.
Main diagonal gives A306739.
Cf. A000081, A000108, A033917, A211192, A214569, A214570, A214571, A216041, A216281, A216349, A216350, A216351, A216368, A222379, A222380, A277537, A306679, A306710, A306726.

T:= proc(n) T(n):=`if`(n=1, [x], map(h-> x^h, g(n-1$2))) end:
g:= proc(n, i) option remember; `if`(i=1, [x^n], [seq(seq(
      seq(mul(T(i)[w[t]-t+1], t=1..j)*v, v=g(n-i*j, i-1)), w=
      combinat[choose]([$1..nops(T(i))+j-1], j)), j=0..n/i)])
    end:
f:= proc() local i, l; i, l:= 0, []; proc(n) while n>
      nops(l) do i:= i+1; l:= [l[], T(i)[]] od; l[n] end
    end():
A:= (n, k)-> n!*coeff(series(subs(x=x+1, f(k)), x, n+1), x, n):
seq(seq(A(n, 1+d-n), n=0..d), d=0..12);

T[n_] := If[n == 1, {x}, Map[x^#&, g[n - 1, n - 1]]];
g[n_, i_] := g[n, i] = If[i == 1, {x^n}, Flatten @ Table[ Table[ Table[ Product[T[i][[w[[t]] - t + 1]], {t, 1, j}]*v, {v, g[n - i*j, i - 1]}], {w, Subsets[ Range[ Length[T[i]] + j - 1], {j}]}], {j, 0, n/i}]];
f[n_] := Module[{i = 0, l = {}}, While[n > Length[l], i++; l = Join[l, T[i]]]; l[[n]]];
A[n_, k_] := n! * SeriesCoefficient[f[k] /. x -> x+1, {x, 0, n}];
Table[Table[A[n, 1+d-n], {n, 0, d}], {d, 0, 12}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Nov 08 2019, after Alois P. Heinz *)

A199085 Number of distinct values taken by 3rd derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, 15, 20, 26, 32, 39, 47, 55, 64, 74, 84, 95, 107, 119, 132, 146, 160, 175, 191, 207, 224, 242, 260, 279, 299, 319, 340, 362, 384, 407, 431, 455, 480, 506, 532, 559, 587, 615, 644, 674, 704, 735, 767, 799, 832, 866, 900, 935, 971, 1007, 1044

Offset: 1

Vladimir Reshetnikov, Nov 02 2011

nonn

Number of distinct values taken by 0th and 1st derivative is 1,1,1,1,1,1,... and by 2nd is 1,1,2,3,4,5,...

			For n=5 there are 7 distinct values: 9, 15, 18, 21, 24, 33, 48, they are given by 3rd derivatives of the following parenthesizations at x=1: x^(x^((x^x)^x)), x^((x^(x^x))^x), (x^x)^(x^(x^x)), x^(((x^x)^x)^x), (x^(x^x))^(x^x), (((x^(x^x)))^x)^x, (((x^x)^x)^x)^x. So a(5)=7.

Cf. A000081 (upper bound), A000108, A199205 (4th derivatives), A199296 (5th derivatives), A215703, A215842. Column k=3 of A216368.

f:= proc(n) option remember;
      `if`(n=1, {[0, 0]}, {seq(seq(seq([2+g[1], 3*(1+g[1]+h[1])+g[2]],
                           h=f(n-j)), g=f(j)), j=1..n-1)})
    end:
a:= n-> nops(map(x-> x[2], f(n))):
seq(a(n), n=1..40);  # Alois P. Heinz, Nov 03 2011

f[1] = {x}; f[n_] := Flatten[Table[Outer[Power, f[k], f[n-k]], {k, n-1}]]; Table[Length[Union[D[f[n], {x, 3}] /. x -> 1]], {n, 1, 8}] (* Reshetnikov *)
Table[If[n<3,1,Floor[(n^2-2)/3]],{n,1,100}] (* Vladimir Joseph Stephan Orlovsky, Feb 01 2012 *)

Conjectured g.f.: (x^6-2*x^4-x^2+x-1)*x/(x^5-2*x^4+x^3-x^2+2*x-1). - Alois P. Heinz, Nov 02 2011

a(13)-a(56) from Alois P. Heinz, Nov 02 2011

A199205 Number of distinct values taken by 4th derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 4, 9, 17, 30, 50, 77, 113, 156, 212, 279, 355, 447, 560, 684, 822, 985, 1171, 1375, 1599, 1856, 2134, 2445, 2769, 3125, 3519, 3939, 4376, 4857, 5372, 5914, 6484, 7083, 7717, 8411, 9130, 9882, 10683, 11524, 12393

Offset: 1

Alois P. Heinz, Nov 03 2011

nonn

			a(5) = 9 because the A000108(4) = 14 possible parenthesizations of x^x^x^x^x lead to 9 different values of the 4th derivative at x=1: (x^(x^(x^(x^x)))) -> 56; (x^(x^((x^x)^x))) -> 80; (x^((x^(x^x))^x)), (x^((x^x)^(x^x))) -> 104; ((x^x)^(x^(x^x))), ((x^(x^(x^x)))^x) -> 124; ((x^(x^x))^(x^x)) -> 148; (x^(((x^x)^x)^x)) -> 152; ((x^x)^((x^x)^x)), ((x^((x^x)^x))^x) -> 172; (((x^x)^x)^(x^x)), (((x^(x^x))^x)^x), (((x^x)^(x^x))^x) -> 228; ((((x^x)^x)^x)^x) -> 344.

Cf. A000081 (distinct functions), A000108 (parenthesizations), A000012 (first derivatives), A028310 (2nd derivatives), A199085 (3rd derivatives), A199296 (5th derivatives), A002845, A003018, A003019, A145545, A145546, A145547, A145548, A145549, A145550, A082499, A196244, A198683, A215703, A215834. Column k=4 of A216368.

f:= proc(n) option remember;
      `if`(n=1, {[0, 0, 0]},
                {seq(seq(seq( [2+g[1], 3*(1 +g[1] +h[1]) +g[2],
                 8 +12*g[1] +6*h[1]*(1+g[1]) +4*(g[2]+h[2])+g[3]],
                 h=f(n-j)), g=f(j)), j=1..n-1)})
    end:
a:= n-> nops(map(x-> x[3], f(n))):
seq(a(n), n=1..20);

f[n_] := f[n] = If[n == 1, {{0, 0, 0}}, Union @ Flatten[#, 3]& @ {Table[ Table[Table[{2 + g[[1]], 3*(1 + g[[1]] + h[[1]]) + g[[2]], 8 + 12*g[[1]] + 6*h[[1]]*(1 + g[[1]]) + 4*(g[[2]] + h[[2]]) + g[[3]]}, {h, f[n - j]}], {g, f[j]}], {j, 1, n - 1}]}];
a[n_] := Length @ Union @ (#[[3]]& /@ f[n]);
Table[an = a[n]; Print["a(", n, ") = ", an]; an, {n, 1, 32}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jun 08 2018, after Alois P. Heinz *)

a(41)-a(42) from Alois P. Heinz, Jun 01 2015

A199296 Number of distinct values taken by 5th derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 4, 9, 20, 45, 92, 182, 342, 601, 982, 1499, 2169, 2970, 3994, 5297, 6834, 8635, 10714, 13121, 16104, 19674, 23868, 28453, 33637, 39630, 46730

Offset: 1

Alois P. Heinz, Nov 04 2011

nonn

			a(4) = 4 because the A000108(3) = 5 possible parenthesizations of x^x^x^x lead to 4 different values of the 5th derivative at x=1: (x^(x^(x^x))) -> 360; (x^((x^x)^x)) -> 590; ((x^(x^x))^x), ((x^x)^(x^x)) -> 650; (((x^x)^x)^x) -> 1110.

Cf. A000081 (distinct functions), A000108 (parenthesizations), A000012 (first derivatives), A028310 (2nd derivatives), A199085 (3rd derivatives), A199205 (4th derivatives), A002845, A003018, A003019, A145545, A145546, A145547, A145548, A145549, A145550, A082499, A196244, A198683, A215703, A215835. Column k=5 of A216368.

f:= proc(n) option remember;
      `if`(n=1, {[0, 0, 0, 0]},
            {seq(seq(seq([2+g[1], 3*(1 +g[1] +h[1]) +g[2],
             8 +12*g[1] +6*h[1]*(1+g[1]) +4*(g[2]+h[2])+g[3],
             10+50*h[1]+10*h[2]+5*h[3]+(30+30*h[1]+10*h[2]
             +15*g[1])*g[1]+(20+10*h[1])*g[2]+5*g[3]+g[4]],
              h=f(n-j)), g=f(j)), j=1..n-1)})
    end:
a:= n-> nops(map(x-> x[4], f(n))):
seq(a(n), n=1..20);

f[n_] := f[n] = If[n == 1, {{0, 0, 0, 0}}, Union@Flatten[#, 3]& @ {Table[ Table[Table[{2 + g[[1]], 3*(1 + g[[1]] + h[[1]]) + g[[2]], 8 + 12*g[[1]] + 6*h[[1]]*(1 + g[[1]]) + 4*(g[[2]] + h[[2]]) + g[[3]], 10 + 50*h[[1]] + 10*h[[2]] + 5*h[[3]] + (30 + 30*h[[1]] + 10*h[[2]] + 15*g[[1]])*g[[1]] + (20 + 10*h[[1]])*g[[2]] + 5*g[[3]] + g[[4]]}, {h, f[n - j]}], {g, f[j]}], {j, 1, n - 1}]}];
a[n_] := Length@Union@(#[[4]]& /@ f[n]);
Table[an = a[n]; Print["a(", n, ") = ", an]; an, {n, 1, 24}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Sep 01 2023, after Alois P. Heinz *)

A199883 Number of distinct values taken by 6th derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 4, 9, 20, 48, 113, 262, 591, 1263, 2505, 4764, 8479, 14285, 22871, 35316, 52755, 76517, 107826, 148914, 202715, 270622

Offset: 1

Alois P. Heinz, Nov 11 2011

			a(4) = 4 because the A000108(3) = 5 possible parenthesizations of x^x^x^x lead to 4 different values of the 6th derivative at x=1: (x^(x^(x^x))) -> 2934; ((x^x)^(x^x)), ((x^(x^x))^x) -> 4908; (x^((x^x)^x)) -> 5034; (((x^x)^x)^x) -> 8322.

Cf. A000081 (distinct functions), A000108 (parenthesizations), A000012 (first derivatives), A028310 (2nd derivatives), A199085 (3rd derivatives), A199205 (4th derivatives), A199296 (5th derivatives), A002845, A003018, A003019, A145545, A145546, A145547, A145548, A145549, A145550, A082499, A196244, A198683, A215703, A215836. Column k=6 of A216368.

f:= proc(n) option remember;
      `if`(n=1, {[0, 0, 0, 0, 0]},
                {seq(seq(seq([2+g[1], 3*(1 +g[1] +h[1]) +g[2],
                 8 +12*g[1] +6*h[1]*(1+g[1]) +4*(g[2]+h[2])+g[3],
                 10+50*h[1]+10*h[2]+5*h[3]+(30+30*h[1]+10*h[2]
                 +15*g[1])*g[1]+(20+10*h[1])*g[2]+5*g[3]+g[4],
                 45*h[1]*g[1]^2+(120+60*h[2]+15*h[3]+60*g[2]+
                 270*h[1])*g[1]+54+15*h[3]+30*g[3]+6*g[4]+
                 60*h[1]*g[2]+15*h[1]*g[3]+30*h[1]+ 20*h[2]*g[2]+
                 100*h[2]+90*h[1]^2+g[5]+60*g[2]+6*h[4]],
                 h=f(n-j)), g=f(j)), j=1..n-1)})
    end:
a:= n-> nops(map(x-> x[5], f(n))):
seq(a(n), n=1..15);

a(22)-a(23) from Alois P. Heinz, Sep 26 2014

A215796 Number of distinct values taken by 7th derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 4, 9, 20, 48, 115, 283, 691, 1681, 3988, 9241, 20681, 44217, 89644

Offset: 1

Alois P. Heinz, Aug 24 2012

			a(4) = 4 because the A000108(3) = 5 possible parenthesizations of x^x^x^x lead to 4 different values of the 7th derivative at x=1: (x^(x^(x^x))) -> 26054; ((x^x)^(x^x)), ((x^(x^x))^x) -> 41090; (x^((x^x)^x)) -> 47110; (((x^x)^x)^x) -> 70098.

Column k=7 of A216368.

Cf. A000081 (distinct functions), A000108 (parenthesizations), A000012 (first derivatives), A028310 (2nd derivatives), A199085 (3rd derivatives), A199205 (4th derivatives), A199296 (5th derivatives), A199883 (6th derivatives), A002845, A003018, A003019, A145545, A145546, A145547, A145548, A145549, A145550, A082499, A196244, A198683, A215703, A215837.

T:= proc(n) T(n):=`if`(n=1, [x], map(h-> x^h, g(n-1$2))) end:
g:= proc(n, i) option remember; `if`(i=1, [x^n], [seq(seq(
      seq(mul(T(i)[w[t]-t+1], t=1..j)*v, v=g(n-i*j, i-1)), w=
      combinat[choose]([$1..nops(T(i))+j-1], j)), j=0..n/i)])
    end:
f:= proc() local i, l; i, l:= 0, []; proc(n) while n>
      nops(l) do i:= i+1; l:= [l[], T(i)[]] od; l[n] end
    end():
a:= n-> nops({map(f-> 7!*coeff(series(subs(x=x+1, f), x, 8), x, 7), T(n))[]}):
seq(a(n), n=1..12);

A215971 Number of distinct values taken by 8th derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 4, 9, 20, 48, 115, 286, 717, 1815, 4574, 11505, 28546, 69705, 166010

Offset: 1

Alois P. Heinz, Aug 29 2012

			a(4) = 4 because the A000108(3) = 5 possible parenthesizations of x^x^x^x lead to 4 different values of the 8th derivative at x=1: (x^(x^(x^x))) -> 269128; ((x^x)^(x^x)), ((x^(x^x))^x) -> 382520; (x^((x^x)^x)) -> 511216; (((x^x)^x)^x) -> 646272.

Cf. A000081 (distinct functions), A000108 (parenthesizations), A000012 (first derivatives), A028310 (2nd derivatives), A199085 (3rd derivatives), A199205 (4th derivatives), A199296 (5th derivatives), A199883 (6th derivatives), A002845, A003018, A003019, A145545, A145546, A145547, A145548, A145549, A145550, A082499, A196244, A198683, A215703, A215838. Column k=8 of A216368.

# load programs from A215703, then:
a:= n-> nops({map(f-> 8!*coeff(series(subs(x=x+1, f),
                  x, 9), x, 8), T(n))[]}):
seq(a(n), n=1..10);

A216062 Number of distinct values taken by 9th derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 4, 9, 20, 48, 115, 286, 719, 1838, 4734, 12247, 31617, 81208

Offset: 1

Alois P. Heinz, Aug 31 2012

a(4) = 4 because the A000108(3) = 5 possible parenthesizations of x^x^x^x lead to 4 different values of the 9th derivative at x=1: (x^(x^(x^x))) -> 3010680; ((x^x)^(x^x)), ((x^(x^x))^x) -> 3863808; (x^((x^x)^x)) -> 6019416; (((x^x)^x)^x) -> 6333336.

Cf. A000081 (distinct functions), A000108 (parenthesizations), A000012 (first derivatives), A028310 (2nd derivatives), A199085 (3rd derivatives), A199205 (4th derivatives), A199296 (5th derivatives), A199883 (6th derivatives), A002845, A003018, A003019, A145545, A145546, A145547, A145548, A145549, A145550, A082499, A196244, A198683, A215703, A215839. Column k=9 of A216368.

# load programs from A215703, then:
a:= n-> nops({map(f-> 9!*coeff(series(subs(x=x+1, f),
                  x, 10), x, 9), T(n))[]}):
seq(a(n), n=1..11);

A216403 Number of distinct values taken by 10th derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 4, 9, 20, 48, 115, 286, 719, 1842, 4763, 12452, 32711, 86239

Offset: 1

Alois P. Heinz, Sep 06 2012

nonn

			a(4) = 4 because the A000108(3) = 5 possible parenthesizations of x^x^x^x lead to 4 different values of the 10th derivative at x=1: (x^(x^(x^x))) -> 37616880; ((x^x)^(x^x)), ((x^(x^x))^x) -> 42409440; (x^((x^x)^x)) -> 77899320; (((x^x)^x)^x) -> 66712680.

Cf. A000081 (distinct functions), A000108 (parenthesizations), A000012 (first derivatives), A028310 (2nd derivatives), A199085 (3rd derivatives), A199205 (4th derivatives), A199296 (5th derivatives), A199883 (6th derivatives), A002845, A003018, A003019, A145545, A145546, A145547, A145548, A145549, A145550, A082499, A196244, A198683, A215703, A215840. Column k=10 of A216368.

# load programs from A215703, then:
a:= n-> nops({map(f-> 10!*coeff(series(subs(x=x+1, f),
                  x, 11), x, 10), T(n))[]}):
seq(a(n), n=1..11);

cp's OEIS Frontend

A215703 A(n,k) is the n-th derivative of f_k at x=1, and f_k is the k-th of all functions that are representable as x^x^...^x with m>=1 x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways; square array A(n,k), n>=0, k>=1, read by antidiagonals.

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A199085 Number of distinct values taken by 3rd derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

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A199205 Number of distinct values taken by 4th derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

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A199296 Number of distinct values taken by 5th derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

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A199883 Number of distinct values taken by 6th derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

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A215796 Number of distinct values taken by 7th derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

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A215971 Number of distinct values taken by 8th derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

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A216062 Number of distinct values taken by 9th derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

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A216403 Number of distinct values taken by 10th derivative of x^x^...^x (with n x's and parentheses inserted in all possible ways) at x=1.

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