A347034 Triangle read by columns: T(n,k) is the number of functions from an n-element set to a k-element set that are not one-to-one, k>=n>=1.

0, 0, 2, 0, 3, 21, 0, 4, 40, 232, 0, 5, 65, 505, 3005, 0, 6, 96, 936, 7056, 45936, 0, 7, 133, 1561, 14287, 112609, 818503, 0, 8, 176, 2416, 26048, 241984, 2056832, 16736896, 0, 9, 225, 3537, 43929, 470961, 4601529, 42683841, 387057609, 0, 10, 280, 4960, 69760, 848800

Offset: 1

Author

Mohammad K. Azarian, Aug 28 2021

Keywords

• easy
• nonn
• tabl

Comments

The formula for this sequence is Theorem 2.2(iv) of the author's paper, p. 131 (see the link).

Examples

			For T(2,3): the number of functions is 3^2 and the number of one-to-one functions is 6, so 3^2 - 6 = 3 and thus T(2,3) = 3.
Triangle T(n,k) begins:
       k=1  k=2   k=3   k=4    k=5     k=6
  n=1:  0    0    0     0      0       0
  n=2:       2    3     4      5       6
  n=3:            21    40     65      96
  n=4:                  232    505     936
  n=5:                         3005    7056
  n=6:                                 45936
		

Links

• Mohammad K. Azarian, Remarks and Conjectures Regarding Combinatorics of Discrete Partial Functions, Int'l Math. Forum (2022) Vol. 17, No. 3, 129-141.

Crossrefs

Cf. A000312, A002416, A036679, A068424, A089072, A101030, A199656, A344110, A344112, A344113, A344114, A344115, A344116.

Programs

Maple

A347034 := proc(n,k)
    k^n-k!/(k-n)! ;
end proc:
seq(seq(A347034(n,k),n=1..k),k=1..12) ; # R. J. Mathar, Jan 12 2023

Mathematica

Table[k^n - k!/(k - n)!, {k, 12}, {n, k}] // Flatten

PARI

T(n,k) = k^n - k!/(k - n)!;
row(k) = vector(k, i, T(i, k)); \\ Michel Marcus, Oct 01 2021

Formula

T(n,k) = k^n - k!/(k - n)!, k>=n.

T(n,n) = A036679(n).