A271510 -id:A271510 - cp's OEIS frontend

A273294 Least nonnegative integer m such that there are nonnegative integers x,y,z,w for which x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 = n and x + 3y + 5z = m^2.

0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 0, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 0, 1, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 0, 1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 2, 3, 3, 4, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 3, 6, 4, 3, 3, 6, 4, 0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 3, 4, 4, 4, 3, 4, 4, 2

Offset: 0

Zhi-Wei Sun, May 19 2016

nonn

Clearly, a(n) = 0 if n is a square. Part (i) of the conjecture in A271518 implies that a(n) always exists.

For more conjectural refinements of Lagrange's four-square theorem, one may consult arXiv:1604.06723.

			a(1) = 0 since 1 = 0^2 + 0^2 + 0^2 + 1^2 with 0 + 3*0 + 5*0 = 0^2.
a(2) = 1 since 2 = 1^2 + 0^2 + 0^2 + 1^2 with 1 + 3*0 + 5*0 = 1^2.
a(3) = 2 since 3 = 1^2 + 1^2 + 0^2 + 1^2 with 1 + 3*1 + 5*0 = 2^2.
a(3812) = 11 since 3812 = 37^2 + 3^2 + 15^2 + 47^2 with 37 + 3*3 + 5*15 = 11^2.
a(3840) = 16 since 3840 = 48^2 + 16^2 + 32^2 + 16^2 with 48 + 3*16 + 5*32 = 16^2.

Zhi-Wei Sun, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000
Zhi-Wei Sun, Refining Lagrange's four-square theorem, arXiv:1604.06723 [math.GM], 2016.

Cf. A000118, A000290, A260625, A261876, A262357, A267121, A268197, A268507, A269400, A270073, A271510, A271513, A271518, A271608, A271665, A271714, A271721, A271724, A271775, A271778, A271824, A272084, A272332, A272351, A272620, A272888, A272977, A273021, A273107, A273108, A273110, A273134, A273278.

SQ[n_]:=SQ[n]=IntegerQ[Sqrt[n]]
Do[m=0;Label[bb];Do[If[3y+5z<=m^2&&SQ[n-y^2-z^2-(m^2-3y-5z)^2],Print[n," ",m];Goto[aa]],{y,0,Sqrt[n]},{z,0,Sqrt[n-y^2]}];m=m+1;Goto[bb];Label[aa];Continue,{n,0,80}]

A273302 Least nonnegative integer x such that n = x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 for some nonnegative integer y,z,w with x + 3y + 5z a square.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 5, 4, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 2, 4, 0, 0, 1, 1, 4, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 3, 4

Offset: 0

Zhi-Wei Sun, May 19 2016

nonn

Clearly, a(n) = 0 if n is a square. Part (i) of the conjecture in A271518 implies that a(n) always exists.
Compare this sequence with A273294.
For more conjectural refinements of Lagrange's four-square theorem, one may consult arXiv:1604.06723.

			a(6) = 1 since 6 = 1^2 + 1^2 + 0^2 + 2^2 with 1 + 3*1 + 5*0 = 2^2.
a(7) = 1 since 7 = 1^2 + 1^2 + 1^2 + 2^2 with 1 + 3*1 + 5*1 = 3^2.
a(15) = 2 since 15 = 2^2 + 3^2 + 1^2 + 1^2 with 2 + 3*3 + 5*1 = 4^2.
a(31) = 5 since 31 = 5^2 + 2^2 + 1^2 + 1^2 with 5 + 3*2 + 5*1 = 4^2.
a(32) = 4 since 32 = 4^2 + 0^2 + 0^2 + 4^2 with 4 + 3*0 + 5*0 = 2^2.
a(2384) = 24 since 2384 = 24^2 + 12^2 + 8^2 + 40^2 with 24 + 3*12 + 5*8 = 10^2.

Zhi-Wei Sun, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000
Zhi-Wei Sun, Refining Lagrange's four-square theorem, arXiv:1604.06723 [math.GM], 2016.

Cf. A000118, A000290, A260625, A261876, A262357, A267121, A268197, A268507, A269400, A270073, A271510, A271513, A271518, A271608, A271665, A271714, A271721, A271724, A271775, A271778, A271824, A272084, A272332, A272351, A272620, A272888, A272977, A273021, A273107, A273108, A273110, A273134, A273278, A273294.

SQ[n_]:=SQ[n]=IntegerQ[Sqrt[n]]
Do[Do[If[SQ[n-x^2-y^2-z^2]&&SQ[x+3y+5z],Print[n," ",x];Goto[aa]],{x,0,Sqrt[n]},{y,0,Sqrt[n-x^2]},{z,0,Sqrt[n-x^2-y^2]}];Label[aa];Continue,{n,0,80}]

A273429 Number of ordered ways to write n as x^6 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2, where x,y,z,w are nonnegative integers with y <= z <= w.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 3, 4, 3, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 3, 4, 4, 2, 2, 3, 1, 1, 3, 4, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 1, 4, 4, 2, 2, 3, 3, 1, 1, 3, 5, 5, 3, 3, 5, 3, 1, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, 5, 7, 5, 4, 5, 4, 1, 3, 6, 6, 6, 4, 4, 4, 1, 2

Offset: 0

Zhi-Wei Sun, May 22 2016

nonn

The author proved in arXiv:1604.06723 that for each c = 1, 4 any natural number can be written as c*x^6 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 with x,y,z,w nonnegative integers. Thus a(n) > 0 for all n = 0,1,2,....
We note that a(n) = 1 for the following values of n not divisible by 2^6:  7, 8, 15, 16, 23, 24, 31, 32, 40, 47, 48, 56, 71, 79, 92, 112, 143, 176, 191, 240, 304, 368, 560, 624, 688, 752, 1072, 1136, 1456, 1520, 1840, 1904, 2608, 2672, 3760, 3824, 6512, 6896.
For more conjectural refinements of Lagrange's four-square theorem, one may consult the author's preprint arXiv:1604.06723.

			a(7) = 1 since 7 = 1^6 + 1^2 + 1^2 + 2^2 with 1 = 1 < 2.
a(8) = 1 since 8 = 0^6 + 0^2 + 2^2 + 2^2 with 0 < 2 = 2.
a(15) = 1 since 15 = 1^6 + 1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 with 1 < 2 < 3.
a(16) = 1 since 16 = 0^6 + 0^2 + 0^2 + 4^2 with 0 = 0 < 4.
a(56) = 1 since 56 = 0^6 + 2^2 + 4^2 + 6^2 with 2 < 4 < 6.
a(71) = 1 since 71 = 1^6 + 3^2 + 5^2 + 6^2 with 3 < 5 < 6.
a(79) = 1 since 79 = 1^6 + 2^2 + 5^2 + 7^2 with 2 < 5 < 7.
a(92) = 1 since 92 = 1^6 + 1^2 + 3^2 + 9^2 with 1 < 3 < 9.
a(143) = 1 since 143 = 1^6 + 5^2 + 6^2 + 9^2 with 5 < 6 < 9.
a(191) = 1 since 191 = 1^6 + 3^2 + 9^2 + 10^2 with 3 < 9 < 10.
a(624) = 1 since 624 = 2^6 + 4^2 + 12^2 + 20^2 with 4 < 12 < 20.
a(2672) = 1 since 2672 = 2^6 + 4^2 + 36^2 + 36^2 with 4 < 36 = 36.
a(3760) = 1 since 3760 = 0^6 + 4^2 + 12^2 + 60^2 with 4 < 12 < 60.
a(3824) = 1 since 3824 = 2^6 + 4^2 + 12^2 + 60^2 with 4 < 12 < 60.
a(6512) = 1 since 6512 = 2^6 + 12^2 + 52^2 + 60^2 with 12 < 52 < 60.
a(6896) = 1 since 6896 = 2^6 + 36^2 + 44^2 + 60^2 with 36 < 44 < 60.

Zhi-Wei Sun, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000
Zhi-Wei Sun, Refining Lagrange's four-square theorem, arXiv:1604.06723 [math.NT], 2016-2017.
Zhi-Wei Sun, Refining Lagrange's four-square theorem, J. Number Theory 175(2017), 167-190.

Cf. A000118, A000290, A001014, A260625, A261876, A262357, A267121, A268197, A268507, A269400, A270073, A270969, A271510, A271513, A271518, A271608, A271665, A271714, A271721, A271724, A271775, A271778, A271824, A272084, A272332, A272351, A272620, A272888, A272977, A273021, A273107, A273108, A273110, A273134, A273278, A273294, A273302, A273404, A273432, A273568.

SQ[n_]:=SQ[n]=IntegerQ[Sqrt[n]]
Do[r=0;Do[If[SQ[n-x^6-y^2-z^2],r=r+1],{x,0,n^(1/6)},{y,0,Sqrt[(n-x^6)/3]},{z,y,Sqrt[(n-x^6-y^2)/2]}];Print[n," ",r];Continue,{n,0,80}]

A273404 Number of ordered ways to write n as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 with x + 24*y a square, where x,y,z,w are nonnegative integers with z <= w.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 1, 3, 4, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 5, 2, 3, 3, 2, 1, 1, 4, 5, 4, 2, 2, 4, 3, 3, 3, 6, 2, 6, 5, 3, 3, 3, 7, 6, 2, 2, 5, 4, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 8, 4, 5, 5, 2, 4, 5, 2, 3, 5, 3, 4, 2, 5, 9, 4, 5, 4, 5, 1, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 2, 3, 3

Offset: 0

Zhi-Wei Sun, May 21 2016

nonn

Conjecture: a(n) > 0 for all n = 0,1,2,..., and a(n) = 1 only for n = 0, 16^k*m (k = 0,1,2,... and m = 8, 12, 23, 24, 47, 71, 168, 344, 632).

For more conjectural refinements of Lagrange's four-square theorem, one may consult arXiv:1604.06723.

			a(8) = 1 since 8 = 0^2 + 0^2 + 2^2 + 2^2 with 0 + 24*0 = 0^2.
a(12) = 1 since 12 = 1^2 + 1^2 + 1^2 + 3^2 with 1 + 24*1 = 5^2.
a(23) = 1 since 23 = 1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + 3^2 with 1 + 24*2 = 7^2.
a(24) = 1 since 24 = 4^2 + 0^2 + 2^2 + 2^2 with 4 + 24*0 = 2^2.
a(47) = 1 since 47 = 1^2 + 1^2 + 3^2 + 6^2 with 1 + 24*1 = 5^2.
a(71) = 1 since 71 = 1^2 + 5^2 + 3^2 + 6^2 with 1 + 24*5 = 11^2.
a(168) = 1 since 168 = 4^2 + 4^2 + 6^2 + 10^2 with 4 + 24*4 = 10^2.
a(344) = 1 since 344 = 4^2 + 0^2 + 2^2 + 18^2 with 4 + 24*0 = 2^2.
a(632) = 1 since 632 = 0^2 + 6^2 + 14^2 + 20^2 with 0 + 24*6 = 12^2.

Zhi-Wei Sun, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000
Zhi-Wei Sun, Refining Lagrange's four-square theorem, arXiv:1604.06723 [math.GM], 2016.

Cf. A000118, A000290, A260625, A261876, A262357, A267121, A268197, A268507, A269400, A270073, A271510, A271513, A271518, A271608, A271665, A271714, A271721, A271724, A271775, A271778, A271824, A272084, A272332, A272351, A272620, A272888, A272977, A273021, A273107, A273108, A273110, A273134, A273278, A273294, A273302.

SQ[n_]:=SQ[n]=IntegerQ[Sqrt[n]]
Do[r=0;Do[If[SQ[n-x^2-y^2-z^2]&&SQ[x+24y],r=r+1],{x,0,Sqrt[n]},{y,0,Sqrt[n-x^2]},{z,0,Sqrt[(n-x^2-y^2)/2]}];Print[n," ",r];Label[aa];Continue,{n,0,80}]

A273432 Number of ordered ways to write n as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 with 2*x + y - z a nonnegative cube, where x,y,z,w are nonnegative integers with y <= z.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 4, 1, 1, 3, 1, 3, 2, 1, 3, 3, 2, 3, 5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 1, 3, 5, 1, 6, 1, 3, 7, 2, 2, 5, 6, 5, 6, 3, 6, 4, 1, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 7, 2, 3, 8, 6, 7, 3, 4, 8, 3, 2, 6, 3, 5, 7, 3, 8, 7, 2, 4, 10, 4, 4, 7, 9, 7, 2, 4, 2, 7, 3, 5, 11, 2, 4

Offset: 0

Zhi-Wei Sun, May 22 2016

nonn

Conjecture: (i) For each c = 1, 2, 4 and n = 0,1,2,..., we can write n as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 with c*(2x+y-z) a nonnegative cube, where x,y,z,w are nonnegative integers with y <= z.
(ii) Each n = 0,1,2,.... can be written as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 with x-y+z a nonnegative cube, where x,y,z,w are integers with x >= y >= 0 and x >= |z|.
The author proved in arXiv:1604.06723 that for each a = 1, 2 any natural number can be written as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 with x,y,z,w integers such that x + y + a*z is a cube.
See also A273458 for a similar conjecture.
For more conjectural refinements of Lagrange's four-square theorem, see the author's preprint arXiv:1604.06723.

			a(1) = 1 since 1 = 0^2 + 0^2 + 0^2 + 1^2 with 0 = 0 and 2*0 + 0 - 0 = 0^3.
a(4) = 1 since 4 = 0^2 + 0^2 + 0^2 + 2^2 with 0 = 0 and 2*0 + 0 - 0 = 0^3.
a(8) = 1 since 8 = 0^2 + 2^2 + 2^2 + 0^2 with 2 = 2 and 2*0 + 2 - 2 = 0^3.
a(10) = 1 since 10 = 1^2 + 1^2 + 2^2 + 2^2 with 1 < 2 and 2*1 + 1 - 2 = 1^3.
a(13) = 1 since 13 = 2^2 + 0^2 + 3^2 + 0^2 with 0 < 3 and 2*2 + 0 - 3 = 1^3.
a(23) = 1 since 23 = 1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + 3^2 with 2 < 3 and 2*1 + 2 - 3 = 1^3.
a(26) = 1 since 26 = 1^2 + 3^2 + 4^2 + 0^2 with 3 < 4 and 2*1 + 3 - 4 = 1^3.
a(28) = 1 since 28 = 4^2 + 2^2 + 2^2 + 2^2 with 2 = 2 and 2*4 + 2 - 2 = 2^3.
a(40) = 1 since 40 = 4^2 + 2^2 + 2^2 + 4^2 with 2 = 2 and 2*4 + 2 - 2 = 2^3.
a(104) = 1 since 104 = 4^2 + 6^2 + 6^2 + 4^2 with 6 = 6 and 2*4 + 6 - 6 = 2^3.
a(138) = 1 since 138 = 3^2 + 5^2 + 10^2 + 2^2 with 5 < 10 and 2*3 + 5 - 10 =1^3.
a(200) = 1 since 200 = 0^2 + 10^2 + 10^2 + 0^2 with 10 = 10 and 2*0 + 10 - 10 = 0^3.
a(296) = 1 since 296 = 8^2 + 6^2 + 14^2 + 0^2 with 6 < 14 and 2*8 + 6 - 14 = 2^3.
a(328) = 1 since 328 = 0^2 + 6^2 + 6^2 + 16^2 with 6 = 6 and 2*0 + 6 - 6 = 0^3.
a(520) = 1 since 520 = 4^2 + 2^2 + 10^2 + 20^2 with 2 < 10 and 2*4 + 2 - 10 = 0^3.
a(776) = 1 since 776 = 0^2 + 10^2 + 10^2 + 24^2 with 10 = 10 and 2*0 + 10 - 10 = 0^3.
a(1832) = 1 since 1832 = 4^2 + 30^2 + 30^2 + 4^2 with 30 = 30 and 2*4 + 30 - 30 = 2^3.
a(2976) = 1 since 2976 = 20^2 + 16^2 + 48^2 + 4^2 with 16 < 48 and 2*20 + 16 - 48 = 2^3.

Zhi-Wei Sun, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000
Zhi-Wei Sun, Refining Lagrange's four-square theorem, arXiv:1604.06723 [math.GM], 2016.

Cf. A000118, A000290, A000578, A260625, A261876, A262357, A267121, A268197, A268507, A269400, A270073, A270969, A271510, A271513, A271518, A271608, A271665, A271714, A271721, A271724, A271775, A271778, A271824, A272084, A272332, A272351, A272620, A272888, A272977, A273021, A273107, A273108, A273110, A273134, A273278, A273294, A273302, A273404, A273429, A273458, A273568.

SQ[n_]:=SQ[n]=IntegerQ[Sqrt[n]]
CQ[n_]:=CQ[n]=IntegerQ[n^(1/3)]
Do[r=0;Do[If[SQ[n-x^2-y^2-z^2]&&CQ[2x+y-z],r=r+1],{x,0,n^(1/2)},{y,0,Sqrt[(n-x^2)/2]},{z,y,Min[2x+y,Sqrt[n-x^2-y^2]]}];Print[n," ",r];Continue,{n,0,80}]

A271644 Number of ordered ways to write n as w^2 + x^2 + y^2 + z^2 such that wx + 2x*y + 2yz is a square, where w is a positive integer and x,y,z are nonnegative integers.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 1, 1, 4, 4, 1, 3, 4, 4, 2, 2, 5, 2, 1, 1, 8, 8, 2, 5, 7, 3, 2, 4, 8, 7, 3, 2, 6, 4, 4, 3, 7, 6, 2, 4, 6, 4, 3, 4, 9, 4, 3, 4, 8, 4, 1, 2, 5, 7, 4, 7, 10, 11, 3, 2, 5, 5, 2, 2, 7, 4, 2, 1, 8, 9, 2, 8, 14, 9, 1, 8, 8, 6, 5, 4, 8, 2, 3, 5

Offset: 1

Zhi-Wei Sun, Apr 11 2016

nonn

Conjecture: (i) a(n) > 0 for all n > 0, and a(n) = 1 only for n = 3, 7, 15, 47, 71, 379, 4^k (k = 0,1,2,...).
(ii) If a, b and c are positive integers with a <= b <= c, gcd(a,b,c) squarefree, and the triple (a,b,c) not equal to (1,2,2), then not all natural numbers can be written as w^2 + x^2 + y^2 + z^2 with w,x,y,z nonnegative integers and a*w*x + b*x*y + c*y*z a square.
(iii) Let a,b,c be positive integers with gcd(a,b,c) squarefree. Then every n = 0,1,2,... can be written as w^2 + x^2 + y^2 + z^2 with w,x,y,z nonnegative integers such that a*x*y + b*y*z + c*z*x is a square, if and only if {a,b,c} is among {1,2,3}, {1,3,8}, {1,8,13}, {2,4,45}, {4,5,7}, {4,7,23}, {5,8,9}, {11,16,31}.
Clearly, part (i) of this conjecture is stronger than Lagrange's four-square theorem.
See also A271510, A271513, A271518 and A271608 for related conjectures.

			a(1) = 1 since 1 = 1^2 + 0^2 + 0^2 + 0^2 with 1*0 + 2*0*0 + 2*0*0 = 0^2.
a(3) = 1 since 3 = 1^2 + 1^2 + 0^2 + 1^2 with 1*1 + 2*1*0 + 2*0*1 = 1^2.
a(7) = 1 since 7 = 1^2 + 1^2 + 2^2 + 1^2 with 1*1 + 2*1*2 + 2*2*1 = 3^2.
a(11) = 2 since 11 = 1^2 + 1^2 + 0^2 + 3^2 with 1*1 + 2*1*0 + 2*0*3 = 1^2, and 11 = 1^2 + 3^2 + 1^2 + 0^2 with 1*3 + 2*3*1 + 2*1*0 = 3^2.
a(12) = 2 since 12 = 1^2 + 1^2 + 1^2 + 3^2 with 1*1 + 2*1*1 + 2*1*3 = 3^2, and 12 = 2^2 + 2^2 + 0^2 + 2^2  with 2*2 + 2*2*0 + 2*0*2 = 2^2.
a(15) = 1 since 15 = 3^2 + 1^2 + 1^2 + 2^2 with 3*1 + 2*1*1 + 2*1*2 = 3^2.
a(47) = 1 since 47 = 1^2 + 1^2 + 6^2 + 3^2 with 1*1 + 2*1*6 + 2*6*3 = 7^2.
a(71) = 1 since 71 = 3^2 + 3^2 + 2^2 + 7^2 with 3*3 + 2*3*2 + 2*2*7 = 7^2.
a(379) = 1 since 379 = 3^2 + 3^2 + 0^2 + 19^2 with 3*3 + 2*3*0 + 2*0*19 = 3^2.

Zhi-Wei Sun, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Zhi-Wei Sun, Refining Lagrange's four-square theorem, arXiv:1604.06723 [math.GM], 2016.

Cf. A000118, A000290, A271510, A271513, A271518, A271608.

SQ[n_]:=SQ[n]=IntegerQ[Sqrt[n]]
Do[r=0;Do[If[SQ[n-w^2-x^2-y^2]&&SQ[w*x+2*x*y+2*y*Sqrt[n-w^2-x^2-y^2]],r=r+1],{w,1,Sqrt[n]},{x,0,Sqrt[n-w^2]},{y,0,Sqrt[n-w^2-x^2]}];Print[n," ",r];Continue,{n,1,80}]

A273458 Number of ordered ways to write n as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 with x-y+z+w a nonnegative cube, where x,y,z,w are integers with x >= y >= 0 and x >= |z| <= |w|.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 2, 1, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 4, 3, 3, 6, 3, 2, 5, 3, 9, 3, 1, 1, 7, 5, 3, 7, 10, 4, 6, 2, 10, 2, 6, 2, 12, 7, 2, 5, 9, 3, 3, 6, 13, 3, 8, 3, 18, 3, 8, 5, 7, 3, 3, 5, 13, 8, 5, 3, 19, 4, 7, 7, 16, 1, 11, 5, 14, 7, 2, 3, 12, 5, 4

Offset: 0

Zhi-Wei Sun, May 22 2016

nonn

Conjecture: a(n) > 0 for all n = 0,1,2,....
In the latest version of arXiv:1605.03074, the authors showed that any natural number can be written as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 with x,y,z,w integers such that x + y + z + w is a cube (or a square).
For more conjectural refinements of Lagrange's four-square theorem, see the author's preprint arXiv:1604.06723.

			a(12) = 1 since 12 = 3^2 + 1^2 + (-1)^2 + (-1)^2 with 3 - 1 + (-1) + (-1) = 0^3.
a(17) = 1 since 17 = 2^2 + 0^2 + 2^2 + (-3)^2 with 2 - 0 + 2 + (-3) = 1^3.
a(28) = 1 since 28 = 3^2 + 1^2 + 3^2 + 3^2 with 3 - 1 + 3 + 3 = 2^3.
a(29) = 1 since 29 = 3^2 + 0^2 + 2^2 + (-4)^2 with 3 - 0 + 2 + (-4) = 1^3.
a(71) = 1 since 71 = 5^2 + 1^2 + 3^2 + (-6)^2 with 5 - 1 + 3 + (-6) = 1^3.
a(149) = 1 since 149 = 8^2 + 0^2 + 2^2 + (-9)^2 with 8 - 0 + 2 + (-9) = 1^3.
a(188) = 1 since 188 = 13^2 + 3^2 + 1^2 + (-3)^2 with 13 - 3 + 1 + (-3) = 2^3.
a(284) = 1 since 284 = 15^2 + 5^2 + 3^2 + (-5)^2 with 15 - 5 + 3 + (-5) = 2^3.

Zhi-Wei Sun, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000
Yu-Chen Sun and Zhi-Wei Sun, Two refinements of Lagrange's four-square theorem, arXiv:1605.03074 [math.NT], 2016.
Zhi-Wei Sun, Refining Lagrange's four-square theorem, arXiv:1604.06723 [math.GM], 2016.

Cf. A000118, A000290, A000578, A260625, A261876, A262357, A267121, A268197, A268507, A269400, A270073, A270969, A271510, A271513, A271518, A271608, A271665, A271714, A271721, A271724, A271775, A271778, A271824, A272084, A272332, A272351, A272620, A272888, A272977, A273021, A273107, A273108, A273110, A273134, A273278, A273294, A273302, A273404, A273429, A273432, A273568.

SQ[n_]:=SQ[n]=IntegerQ[Sqrt[n]]
CQ[n_]:=CQ[n]=n>=0&&IntegerQ[n^(1/3)]
Do[r=0;Do[If[SQ[n-x^2-y^2-z^2]&&CQ[x-y+(-1)^j*z+(-1)^k*Sqrt[n-x^2-y^2-z^2]],r=r+1],{y,0,(n/2)^(1/2)},{x,y,Sqrt[n-y^2]},{z,0,Min[x,Sqrt[(n-x^2-y^2)/2]]},{j,0,Min[1,z]},{k,0,Min[1,Sqrt[n-x^2-y^2-z^2]]}];
Print[n," ",r];Continue,{n,0,80}]

A300791 Number of ways to write n as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2, where w is a positive integer and x,y,z are nonnegative integers for which x or y or z is a square and (12x)^2 + (15y)^2 + (20*z)^2 is also a square.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 1, 1, 6, 1, 1, 3, 2, 8, 2, 2, 7, 2, 2, 1, 8, 6, 2, 8, 1, 3, 1, 1, 9, 8, 4, 3, 7, 3, 3, 3, 6, 9, 4, 4, 7, 5, 1, 8, 8, 4, 3, 3, 11, 2, 1, 1, 4, 11, 3, 8, 8, 4, 4, 2, 3, 8, 4, 2, 8, 3, 4, 1, 15, 9, 3, 9, 3, 5, 2, 6, 10, 11, 5, 3, 5, 6, 2, 6

Offset: 1

Zhi-Wei Sun, Mar 12 2018

nonn

Conjecture: a(n) > 0 for all n > 0, and a(n) = 1 only for n = 16^k*m with k = 0,1,2,... and m = 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 21, 23, 24, 39, 47, 86, 95, 344, 651, 764.
By the author's 2017 JNT paper, each n = 0,1,2,... can be written as the sum of a fourth power and three squares.
See also A300792 for two similar conjectures.

			a(6) = 1 since 6 = 0^2 + 1^2 + 1^2 + 2^2 with 0 = 0^2 and (12*0)^2 + (15*1)^2 + (20*1)^2 = 25^2.
a(7) = 1 since 7 = 1^2 + 2^2 + 1^2 + 1^2 with 1 = 1^2 and (12*1)^2 + (15*2)^2 + (20*1)^2 = 38^2.
a(21) = 1 since 21 = 4^2 + 0^2 + 1^2 + 2^2 with 4 = 2^2 and (12*4)^2 + (15*0)^2 + (20*1)^2 = 52^2.
a(39) = 1 since 39 = 5^2 + 2^2 + 1^2 + 3^2 with 1 = 1^2 and (12*5)^2 + (15*2)^2 + (20*1)^2 = 70^2.
a(344) = 1 since 344 = 0^2 + 10^2 + 10^2 + 12^2 with 0 = 0^2 and (12*0)^2 + (15*10)^2 + (20*10)^2 = 250^2.
a(764) = 1 since 764 = 7^2 + 3^2 + 25^2 + 9^2 with 25 = 5^2 and (12*7)^2 + (15*3)^2 + (20*25)^2 = 509^2.
a(8312) = 2 since 8312 = 42^2 + 36^2 + 34^2 + 64^2 with 36 = 6^2 and (12*42)^2 + (15*36)^2 + (20*34)^2 = 1004^2, and 8312 = 66^2 + 16^2 + 44^2 + 42^2 with 16 = 4^2 and (12*66)^2 + (15*16)^2 + (20*44)^2 = 1208^2.

Zhi-Wei Sun, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Zhi-Wei Sun, Refining Lagrange's four-square theorem, J. Number Theory 175(2017), 167-190.
Zhi-Wei Sun, Restricted sums of four squares, arXiv:1701.05868 [math.NT], 2017-2018.

Cf. A000118, A000290, A271510, A271513, A271518, A281976, A300666, A300667, A300708, A300712, A300751, A300752, A300792.

SQ[n_]:=SQ[n]=IntegerQ[Sqrt[n]];
tab={};Do[r=0;Do[If[(SQ[x]||SQ[y]||SQ[z])&&SQ[(12x)^2+(15y)^2+(20z)^2]&&SQ[n-x^2-y^2-z^2],r=r+1],{x,0,Sqrt[n-1]},{y,0,Sqrt[n-1-x^2]},{z,0,Sqrt[n-1-x^2-y^2]}];tab=Append[tab,r],{n,1,80}];Print[tab]

A300792 Number of ways to write n as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2, where w is a positive integer and x,y,z are nonnegative integers such that x or y or z is a square and 9x^2 + 16y^2 + 24*z^2 is also a square.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 1, 2, 4, 1, 2, 2, 2, 6, 2, 3, 5, 1, 4, 1, 5, 7, 4, 5, 1, 5, 2, 1, 9, 6, 5, 3, 4, 7, 2, 2, 6, 7, 3, 5, 7, 4, 4, 6, 6, 4, 5, 3, 9, 4, 2, 1, 4, 11, 5, 9, 5, 6, 4, 1, 9, 7, 3, 6, 5, 4, 4, 2, 14, 4, 6, 5, 2, 8, 2, 7, 9, 5, 5, 4, 3, 8, 1, 4

Offset: 1

Zhi-Wei Sun, Mar 12 2018

nonn

Conjecture 1: a(n) > 0 for all n > 0, and a(n) = 1 only for n = 16^k*m with k = 0,1,2,... and m = 1, 3, 6, 14, 21, 24, 56, 79, 119, 143, 248, 301, 383, 591, 728, 959, 1223, 1751, 2311, 6119.
Conjecture 2: Any positive integer n can be written as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2, where w is a positive integer and x,y,z are nonnegative integers such that x or y or z is a square and 36*x^2 + 40*y^2 + 45*z^2 is also a square.
See also A300791 for a similar conjecture.

			a(6) = 1 since 6 = 1^2 + 1^2 + 0^2 + 2^2 with 1 = 1^2 and 9*1^2 + 16*1^2 + 24*0^2 = 5^2.
a(14) = 1 since 14 = 1^2 + 0^2 + 3^2 + 2^2 with 1 = 1^2 and 9*1^2 + 16*0^2 + 24*3^2 = 15^2.
a(728) = 1 since 728 = 10^2 + 0^2 + 12^2 + 22^2 with 0 = 0^2 and 9*10^2 + 16*0^2 + 24*12^2 = 66^2.
a(959) = 1 since 959 = 25^2 + 18^2 + 3^2 + 1^2 with 25 = 5^2 and 9*25^2 + 16*18^2 + 24*3^2 = 105^2.
a(1751) = 1 since 1751 = 19^2 + 25^2 + 18^2 + 21^2 with 25 = 5^2 and 9*19^2 + 16*25^2 + 24*18^2 = 145^2.
a(2311) = 1 since 2311 = 1^2 + 41^2 + 23^2 + 10^2 with 1 = 1^2 and 9*1^2 + 16*41^2 + 24*23^2 = 199^2.
a(6119) = 1 since 6119 = 1^2 + 5^2 + 3^2 + 78^2 with 1 = 1^2 and 9*1^2 + 16*5^2 + 24*3^2 = 25^2.

Zhi-Wei Sun, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Zhi-Wei Sun, Refining Lagrange's four-square theorem, J. Number Theory 175(2017), 167-190.
Zhi-Wei Sun, Restricted sums of four squares, arXiv:1701.05868 [math.NT], 2017-2018.

Cf. A000118, A000290, A271510, A271513, A271518, A281976, A300666, A300667, A300708, A300712, A300751, A300752, A300791.

SQ[n_]:=SQ[n]=IntegerQ[Sqrt[n]];
tab={};Do[r=0;Do[If[(SQ[x]||SQ[y]||SQ[z])&&SQ[9x^2+16y^2+24z^2]&&SQ[n-x^2-y^2-z^2],r=r+1],{x,0,Sqrt[n-1]},{y,0,Sqrt[n-1-x^2]},{z,0,Sqrt[n-1-x^2-y^2]}];tab=Append[tab,r],{n,1,80}];Print[tab]

A273568 Number of ordered ways to write n as w^2 + x^2 + y^2 + z^2 with w + x + 2y - 4z twice a nonnegative cube, where w is an integer and x,y,z are nonnegative integers.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 4, 3, 3, 4, 1, 2, 2, 1, 4, 6, 2, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 4, 1, 4, 5, 3, 3, 3, 1, 5, 4, 4, 4, 6, 8, 5, 1, 5, 4, 3, 13, 9, 2, 6, 2, 4, 7, 9, 8, 7, 8, 5, 6, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 5, 2, 5, 10, 6, 12, 9, 4

Offset: 0

Zhi-Wei Sun, May 25 2016

nonn

Conjecture: a(n) > 0 for all n = 0,1,2,....

For more conjectural refinements of Lagrange's four-square theorem, see the author's preprint arXiv:1604.06723.

			a(1) = 1 since 1 = 0^2 + 0^2 + 1^2 + 0^2 with 0 + 0 + 2*1 - 4*0 = 2*1^3.
a(3) = 1 since 3 = (-1)^2 + 1^2 + 1^2 + 0^2 with (-1) + 1 + 2*1 - 4*0 = 2*1^3.
a(13) = 1 since 13 = (-2)^2 + 2^2 + 2^2 + 1^2 with (-2) + 2 + 2*2 - 4*1 = 2*0^3.
a(16) = 1 since 16 = 2^2 + 2^2 + 2^2 + 2^2 with 2 + 2 + 2*2 - 4*2 = 2*0^3.
a(26) = 1 since 26 = 3^2 + 3^2 + 2^2 + 2^2 with 3 + 3 + 2*2 - 4*2 = 2*1^3.
a(32) = 1 since 32 = (-4)^2 + 4^2 + 0^2 + 0^2 with (-4) + 4 + 2*0 - 4*0 = 2*0^3.
a(40) = 1 since 40 = (-2)^2 + 4^2 + 4^2 + 2^2 with (-2) + 4 + 2*4 - 4*2 = 2*1^3.
a(218) = 1 since 218 = (-6)^2 + 6^2 + 11^2 + 5^2 with (-6) + 6 + 2*11 - 4*5 = 2*1^3.
a(416) = 1 since 416 = (-4)^2 + 20^2 + 0^2 + 0^2 with (-4) + 20 + 2*0 - 4*0 = 2*2^3.
a(544) = 1 since 544 = (-4)^2 + 20^2 + 8^2 + 8^2 with (-4) + 20 + 2*8 - 4*8 = 2*0^3.
a(800) = 1 since 800 = (-20)^2 + 20^2 + 0^2 + 0^2 with (-20) + 20 + 2*0 - 4*0 = 2*0^3.
a(1184) = 1 since 1184 = (-28)^2 + 12^2 + 16^2 + 0^2 with (-28) + 12 + 2*16 - 4*0 = 2*2^3.
a(2080) = 1 since 2080 = (-20)^2 + 20^2 + 32^2 + 16^2 with (-20) + 20 + 2*32 - 4*16 = 2*0^3.
a(6304) = 1 since 6304 = (-36)^2 + 36^2 + 56^2 + 24^2 with (-36) + 36 + 2*56 - 4*24 = 2*2^3.

Zhi-Wei Sun, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000
Zhi-Wei Sun, Refining Lagrange's four-square theorem, arXiv:1604.06723 [math.GM], 2016.

Cf. A000118, A000290, A000578, A260625, A261876, A262357, A267121, A268197, A268507, A269400, A270073, A270969, A271510, A271513, A271518, A271608, A271665, A271714, A271721, A271724, A271775, A271778, A271824, A272084, A272332, A272351, A272620, A272888, A272977, A273021, A273107, A273108, A273110, A273134, A273278, A273294, A273302, A273404, A273429, A273432, A273458.

SQ[n_]:=SQ[n]=IntegerQ[Sqrt[n]]
CQ[n_]:=CQ[n]=n>=0&&IntegerQ[n^(1/3)]
Do[r=0;Do[If[SQ[n-x^2-y^2-z^2]&&CQ[(x+2y-4z+(-1)^k*Sqrt[n-x^2-y^2-z^2])/2],r=r+1],{x,0,Sqrt[n]},{y,0,Sqrt[n-x^2]},{z,0,Sqrt[n-x^2-y^2]},{k,0,Min[1,n-x^2-y^2-z^2]}];Print[n," ",r];Continue,{n,0,70}]

cp's OEIS Frontend

A273294 Least nonnegative integer m such that there are nonnegative integers x,y,z,w for which x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 = n and x + 3*y + 5*z = m^2.

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A273302 Least nonnegative integer x such that n = x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 for some nonnegative integer y,z,w with x + 3*y + 5*z a square.

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A273429 Number of ordered ways to write n as x^6 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2, where x,y,z,w are nonnegative integers with y <= z <= w.

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A273404 Number of ordered ways to write n as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 with x + 24*y a square, where x,y,z,w are nonnegative integers with z <= w.

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A273432 Number of ordered ways to write n as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 with 2*x + y - z a nonnegative cube, where x,y,z,w are nonnegative integers with y <= z.

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A271644 Number of ordered ways to write n as w^2 + x^2 + y^2 + z^2 such that w*x + 2*x*y + 2*y*z is a square, where w is a positive integer and x,y,z are nonnegative integers.

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A273458 Number of ordered ways to write n as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 with x-y+z+w a nonnegative cube, where x,y,z,w are integers with x >= y >= 0 and x >= |z| <= |w|.

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A300791 Number of ways to write n as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2, where w is a positive integer and x,y,z are nonnegative integers for which x or y or z is a square and (12*x)^2 + (15*y)^2 + (20*z)^2 is also a square.

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A273294 Least nonnegative integer m such that there are nonnegative integers x,y,z,w for which x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 = n and x + 3y + 5z = m^2.

A273302 Least nonnegative integer x such that n = x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 for some nonnegative integer y,z,w with x + 3y + 5z a square.

A271644 Number of ordered ways to write n as w^2 + x^2 + y^2 + z^2 such that wx + 2x*y + 2yz is a square, where w is a positive integer and x,y,z are nonnegative integers.

A300791 Number of ways to write n as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2, where w is a positive integer and x,y,z are nonnegative integers for which x or y or z is a square and (12x)^2 + (15y)^2 + (20*z)^2 is also a square.

A300792 Number of ways to write n as x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2, where w is a positive integer and x,y,z are nonnegative integers such that x or y or z is a square and 9x^2 + 16y^2 + 24*z^2 is also a square.

A273568 Number of ordered ways to write n as w^2 + x^2 + y^2 + z^2 with w + x + 2y - 4z twice a nonnegative cube, where w is an integer and x,y,z are nonnegative integers.