A073034 -id:A073034 - cp's OEIS frontend

A033308 Decimal expansion of Copeland-Erdős constant: concatenate primes.

2, 3, 5, 7, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 7, 1, 9, 2, 3, 2, 9, 3, 1, 3, 7, 4, 1, 4, 3, 4, 7, 5, 3, 5, 9, 6, 1, 6, 7, 7, 1, 7, 3, 7, 9, 8, 3, 8, 9, 9, 7, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 3, 1, 0, 7, 1, 0, 9, 1, 1, 3, 1, 2, 7, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 7, 1, 3, 9, 1, 4, 9, 1, 5, 1, 1, 5, 7, 1, 6, 3, 1, 6, 7, 1, 7, 3, 1, 7, 9, 1, 8, 1, 1, 9, 1, 1

Offset: 0

Eric W. Weisstein

The number .23571113171923.... was proved normal in base 10 by Copeland and Erdős but is not known to be normal in other bases. - Jeffrey Shallit, Mar 14 2008
Could be read (with indices 1, 2, ...) as irregular table whose n-th row lists the A097944(n) digits of the n-th prime A000040(n). - M. F. Hasler, Oct 25 2019
Named after the American mathematician Arthur Herbert Copeland (1898-1970) and the Hungarian mathematician Paul Erdős (1913-1996). - Amiram Eldar, May 29 2021
This constant is irrational but it is not (yet) known to be transcendental. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Feb 03 2025

			0.235711131719232931374143475359616771737983899710110310710911312...

Steven R. Finch, Mathematical Constants, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications, vol. 94, Cambridge University Press, 2003, Section 6.9, p. 442.
Glyn Harman, One hundred years of normal numbers, in M. A. Bennett et al., eds., Number Theory for the Millennium, II (Urbana, IL, 2000), A K Peters, Natick, MA, 2002, pp. 149-166.
Clifford A. Pickover, A Passion for Mathematics, Wiley, 2005; see p. 60.

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..2000
John M. Campbell, The prime-counting Copeland-Erdős constant, arXiv:2309.13520 [math.NT], 2023.
A. H. Copeland and P. Erdős, Note on Normal Numbers, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc., Vol. 52, No. 10 (1946), pp. 857-860.
Mikołaj Morzy, Tomasz Kajdanowicz, and Przemysław Kazienko, On Measuring the Complexity of Networks: Kolmogorov Complexity versus Entropy, Complexity, Volume 2017 (2017), Article ID 3250301, p. 5.
Simon Plouffe, Copeland-Erdos constant, the primes concatenated.
Simon Plouffe, Copeland-Erdos constant, the primes concatenated.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Copeland-Erdős Constant.

Cf. A030168 (continued fraction), A072754 (numerators of convergents), A072755 (denominators of convergents).
Cf. A000040 (primes), A097944 (row lengths if this is read as table), A228355 (digits of the primes listed in reversed order).
Cf. A033307 (Champernowne constant: analog for positive integers instead of primes), A007376 (digits of the integers, considered as infinite word or table), A066716 (decimals of the binary Champernowne constant).
Cf. A165450, A019518, A074721, A073034, A191232, A129808.
Cf. A066747 and A191232: binary Copeland-Erdős constant: decimals and binary digits.
See also A338072.

a033308 n = a033308_list !! (n-1)
a033308_list = concatMap (map (read . return) . show) a000040_list :: [Int]
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Mar 03 2014

N[Sum[Prime[n]*10^-(n + Sum[Floor[Log[10, Prime[k]]], {k, 1, n}]), {n, 1, 40}], 100] (* Joseph Biberstine (jrbibers(AT)indiana.edu), Aug 12 2006 *)
N[Sum[Prime@n*10^-(n + Sum[Floor[Log[10, Prime@k]], {k, n}]), {n, 45}], 106] (* Joseph Biberstine (jrbibers(AT)indiana.edu), Aug 12 2006 *)
IntegerDigits //@ Prime@Range@45 // Flatten (* Robert G. Wilson v Oct 03 2006 *)

default(realprecision, 2080); x=0.0; m=-1; forprime (p=2, 4000, n=1+floor(log(p)/log(10)); x=p+x*10^n; m+=n; ); x=x/10^m; for (n=0, 2000, d=floor(x); x=(x-d)*10; write("b033308.txt", n, " ", d)); \\ Harry J. Smith, Apr 30 2009

concat( apply( {row(n)=digits(prime(n))},  [1..99] )) \\ Yields this sequence; row(n) then yields the digits of prime(n) = n-th row of the table, cf. comments. - M. F. Hasler, Oct 25 2019

Equals Sum_{n>=1} prime(n)*10^(-A068670(n)). - Joseph Biberstine (jrbibers(AT)indiana.edu), Aug 12 2006

Equals Sum_{i>=1} (p_i * 10^(-(Sum_{j=1..i} 1 + floor(log_10(p_j))) )) or Sum_{i>=1} (p_i * 10^(-( i + Sum_{j=1..i} floor(log_10(p_j))) )) or Sum_{i>=1} (p_i * 10^(-( Sum_{j=1..i} ceiling(log_10(1 + p_j))) )). - Daniel Forgues, Mar 26-28 2014

A074721 Concatenate the primes as 2357111317192329313..., then insert commas from left to right so that between each pair of successive commas is a prime, always making the new prime as small as possible.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 2, 3, 2, 93137414347535961677173798389971011031071091131, 2, 7, 13, 11, 3, 7, 13, 91491511, 5, 7, 163, 167, 17, 3, 17, 9181, 19, 11, 9319, 7, 19, 9211223227229233239241251257, 2, 6326927, 127, 7, 2, 81283, 2, 93307, 3, 11, 3, 13, 3, 17, 3, 3, 13, 3, 7, 3, 47, 3, 493533593673733

Offset: 1

Reinhard Zumkeller, Sep 04 2002

Note that leading zeros are dropped. Example: When the primes 691, 701, 709, and 719 get concatenated and digitized, they become {..., 6, 9, 1, 7, 0, 1, 7, 0, 9, 7, 1, 9, ...}. These will end up in A074721 as: a(98)=691, a(99)=7, a(100)=17, a(101)=97, a(102)=19, ..., . Terms a(100) & a(101) have associated with them unstated leading zeros. - Hans Havermann, Jun 26 2009
Large terms in the links are probable primes only. For example, a(1290) has 24744 digits and a(4050), 32676 digits. If of course any probable primes were not actual primes, the indexing of subsequent terms would be altered. - Hans Havermann, Dec 28 2010
What is the next term after {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19}, if any, giving a(k)=A000040(k)?

Robert G. Wilson v, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..329 [a(330) is too large to be included in a b-file: see the a-file]
Hans Havermann, Two-color listing of 5359 terms
Robert G. Wilson v, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1289

Cf. A073034, A047777, A053648, A069090.

Cf. A033308.

a074721 n = a074721_list !! (n-1)
a074721_list = f 0 $ map toInteger a033308_list where
   f c ds'@(d:ds) | a010051'' c == 1 = c : f 0 ds'
                  | otherwise = f (10 * c + d) ds
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Mar 11 2014

id = IntegerDigits@ Array[ Prime, 3000] // Flatten; lst = {}; Do[ k = 1; While[ p = FromDigits@ Take[ id, k]; !PrimeQ@p || p == 1, k++ ]; AppendTo[lst, p]; id = Drop[id, k], {n, 1289}]

a=0;
tryd(d) = { a=a*10+d; if(isprime(a),print(a);a=0); }
try(p) = { if(p>=10,try(p\10)); tryd(p%10); }
forprime(p=2,1000,try(p)); \\ Jack Brennen, Jun 25 2009

Edited by Robert G. Wilson v, Jun 26 2009

Further edited by N. J. A. Sloane, Jun 27 2009, incorporating comments from Leroy Quet, Hans Havermann, Jack Brennen and Franklin T. Adams-Watters

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A033308 Decimal expansion of Copeland-Erdős constant: concatenate primes.

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A074721 Concatenate the primes as 2357111317192329313..., then insert commas from left to right so that between each pair of successive commas is a prime, always making the new prime as small as possible.

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