A075253 Trajectory of 77 under the Reverse and Add! operation carried out in base 2.

77, 166, 267, 684, 897, 1416, 1557, 2904, 3333, 5904, 6189, 11952, 12813, 24096, 24669, 48480, 50205, 97344, 98493, 195264, 198717, 391296, 393597, 783744, 790653, 1569024, 1573629, 3140352, 3154173, 6283776, 6292989, 12572160

Offset: 0

Author

Klaus Brockhaus, Sep 10 2002

Keywords

• base
• nonn

Comments

22 is the smallest number whose base 2 trajectory (A061561) provably does not contain a palindrome. 77 is the next number (cf. A075252) with a completely different trajectory which has this property. A proof along the lines of Klaus Brockhaus, On the 'Reverse and Add!' algorithm in base 2, can be based on the formula given below.

lim_{n -> infinity} a(n)/a(n-1) = 2 for n mod 2 = 1.

lim_{n -> infinity} a(n)/a(n-1) = 1 for n mod 2 = 0.

Interleaving of A176632, 2*A176633, 3*A176634, 12*A176635.

From A.H.M. Smeets, Feb 11 2019: (Start)

Pattern with cycle length 4 in binary representation, represented by contextfree grammars with production rules:

S_a -> 10 T_a 00, T_a -> 1 T_a 0 | 1100010;

S_b -> 11 T_b 01, T_b -> 0 T_b 1 | 0000101;

S_c -> 10 T_c 000, T_c -> 1 T_c 0 | 1101011;

S_d -> 11 T_d 101, T_d -> 0 T_d 1 | 0100000;

the trajectory is similar to that of 22 (see A058042) except for the stopping strings in T_a, T_b, T_c and T_d. (End)

Examples

			267 (decimal) = 100001011 -> 100001011 + 110100001 = 1010101100 = 684 (decimal).
		

Links

• Reinhard Zumkeller, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000
• Klaus Brockhaus, On the 'Reverse and Add!' algorithm in base 2
• Index entries for sequences related to Reverse and Add!
• Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (0, 3, 0, 0, 0, -6, 0, 4).

Crossrefs

Cf. A061561 (trajectory of 22 in base 2), A075268 (trajectory of 442 in base 2), A077076 (trajectory of 537 in base 2), A077077 (trajectory of 775 in base 2), A066059 (trajectory of n in base 2 presumably does not reach a palindrome), A075252 (trajectory of n in base 2 does not reach a palindrome and presumably does not join the trajectory of any term m < n), A092210 (trajectory of n in base 2 presumably does not join the trajectory of any m < n).

Cf. A176632 (a(4*n)), A176633 (a(4*n+1)/2), A176634 (a(4*n+2)/3), A176635 (a(4*n+3)/12).

Programs

Haskell

a075253 n = a075253_list !! n
a075253_list = iterate a055944 77  -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 21 2013

Magma

trajectory:=function(init, steps, base) S:=[init]; a:=S[1]; for n in [1..steps] do a+:=Seqint(Reverse(Intseq(a,base)),base); Append(~S, a); end for; return S; end function; trajectory(77, 31, 2);

Maple

seq(coeff(series((77+166*x+36*x^2+186*x^3+96*x^4-636*x^5-672*x^6-348*x^7-44*x^8+632*x^9+504*x^10)/((1-x)*(1+x)*(1-2*x^2)*(1-2*x^4)),x,n+1), x, n), n = 0 .. 40); # Muniru A Asiru, Feb 12 2019

Mathematica

CoefficientList[Series[(77+166*x+36*x^2+186*x^3+96*x^4-636*x^5-672*x^6 -348*x^7-44*x^8 +632*x^9+504*x^10)/((1-x)*(1+x)*(1-2*x^2)*(1-2*x^4)), {x,0,40}], x] (* G. C. Greubel, Feb 11 2019 *)
NestWhileList[# + IntegerReverse[#, 2] &, 77,  # !=
IntegerReverse[#, 2] &, 1, 31] (* Robert Price, Oct 18 2019 *)

PARI

{m=77; stop=34; c=0; while(c0,d=divrem(k,2); k=d[1]; rev=2*rev+d[2]); c++; m=m+rev)}

Sage

((77+166*x+36*x^2+186*x^3+96*x^4-636*x^5-672*x^6 -348*x^7-44*x^8 +632*x^9+504*x^10)/((1-x)*(1+x)*(1-2*x^2)*(1-2*x^4))).series(x, 40).coefficients(x, sparse=False) # G. C. Greubel, Feb 11 2019

Formula

a(0) = 77; a(1) = 166; a(2) = 267; for n > 2 and

n = 3 (mod 4): a(n) = 48*2^(2*k)-21*2^k where k = (n+5)/4;

n = 0 (mod 4): a(n) = 48*2^(2*k)+33*2^k-3 where k = (n+4)/4;

n = 1 (mod 4): a(n) = 96*2^(2*k)-30*2^k where k = (n+3)/4;

n = 2 (mod 4): a(n) = 96*2^(2*k)+6*2^k-3 where k = (n+2)/4.

G.f.: (77+166*x+36*x^2+186*x^3+96*x^4-636*x^5-672*x^6-348*x^7-44*x^8 +632*x^9+504*x^10) / ((1-x)*(1+x)*(1-2*x^2)*(1-2*x^4)).

G.f. for the sequence starting at a(3): 3*x^3*(228+299*x-212*x^2 -378*x^3-448*x^4-446*x^5+432*x^6+524*x^7) / ((1-x)*(1+x)*(1-2*x^2)*(1-2*x^4)).

a(n+1) = A055944(a(n)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 21 2013

Extensions

Three comments added, g.f. edited, MAGMA program and crossrefs added by Klaus Brockhaus, Apr 25 2010