A081587 -id:A081587 - cp's OEIS frontend

A081579 Pascal-(1,4,1) array.

1, 1, 1, 1, 6, 1, 1, 11, 11, 1, 1, 16, 46, 16, 1, 1, 21, 106, 106, 21, 1, 1, 26, 191, 396, 191, 26, 1, 1, 31, 301, 1011, 1011, 301, 31, 1, 1, 36, 436, 2076, 3606, 2076, 436, 36, 1, 1, 41, 596, 3716, 9726, 9726, 3716, 596, 41, 1, 1, 46, 781, 6056, 21746, 33876, 21746, 6056, 781, 46, 1

Offset: 0

Paul Barry, Mar 23 2003

One of a family of Pascal-like arrays. A007318 is equivalent to the (1,0,1)-array. A008288 is equivalent to the (1,1,1)-array. Rows include A016861, A081587, A081588. Coefficients of the row polynomials in the Newton basis are given by A013612.

			Square array begins as:
  1,  1,   1,    1,    1, ... A000012;
  1,  6,  11,   16,   21, ... A016861;
  1, 11,  46,  106,  191, ... A081587;
  1, 16, 106,  396, 1011, ... A081588;
  1, 21, 191, 1011, 3606, ...
As triangle this begins:
  1;
  1,  1;
  1,  6,   1;
  1, 11,  11,    1;
  1, 16,  46,   16,     1;
  1, 21, 106,  106,    21,     1;
  1, 26, 191,  396,   191,    26,     1;
  1, 31, 301, 1011,  1011,   301,    31,    1;
  1, 36, 436, 2076,  3606,  2076,   436,   36,   1;
  1, 41, 596, 3716,  9726,  9726,  3716,  596,  41,  1;
  1, 46, 781, 6056, 21746, 33876, 21746, 6056, 781, 46, 1; - _Philippe Deléham_, Mar 15 2014

Vincenzo Librandi, Rows n = 0..100, flattened
Paul Barry, On Integer-Sequence-Based Constructions of Generalized Pascal Triangles, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 9 (2006), Article 06.2.4.

Cf. Pascal (1,m,1) array: A123562 (m = -3), A098593 (m = -2), A000012 (m = -1), A007318 (m = 0), A008288 (m = 1), A081577 (m = 2), A081578 (m = 3), A081580 (m = 5), A081581 (m = 6), A081582 (m = 7), A143683 (m = 8).

Cf. A016861, A063727, A081587, A081588.

A081579:= func< n,k,q | (&+[Binomial(k, j)*Binomial(n-j, k)*q^j: j in [0..n-k]]) >;
[A081579(n,k,4): k in [0..n], n in [0..12]]; // G. C. Greubel, May 26 2021

Table[Hypergeometric2F1[-k, k-n, 1, 5], {n,0,12}, {k,0,n}]//Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, May 24 2013 *)

flatten([[hypergeometric([-k, k-n], [1], 5).simplify() for k in (0..n)] for n in (0..12)]) # G. C. Greubel, May 26 2021

Square array T(n, k) defined by T(n, 0) = T(0, k) = 1, T(n, k) = T(n, k-1) + 4*T(n-1, k-1) + T(n-1, k).
Rows are the expansions of (1+4*x)^k/(1-x)^(k+1).
From Philippe Deléham, Mar 15 2014: (Start)
Riordan array (1/(1-x), x*(1+4*x)/(1-x)).
Sum_{k=0..n} T(n, k) = A063727(n). (End)
E.g.f. for the n-th subdiagonal of the triangle, n = 0,1,2,..., equals exp(x)*P(n,x), where P(n,x) is the polynomial Sum_{k = 0..n} binomial(n,k)*(5*x)^k/k!. For example, the e.g.f. for the second subdiagonal is exp(x)*(1 + 10*x + 25*x^2/2) = 1 + 11*x + 46*x^2/2! + 106*x^3/3! + 191*x^4/4! + 301*x^5/5! + .... - Peter Bala, Mar 05 2017
From G. C. Greubel, May 26 2021: (Start)
T(n, k, m) = Hypergeometric2F1([-k, k-n], [1], m+1), for m = 4.
T(n, k, m) = Sum_{j=0..n-k} binomial(k,j)*binomial(n-j,k)*m^j, for m = 4. (End)

A081588 Fourth row of the Pascal-(1,4,1) array A081579.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 16, 106, 396, 1011, 2076, 3716, 6056, 9221, 13336, 18526, 24916, 32631, 41796, 52536, 64976, 79241, 95456, 113746, 134236, 157051, 182316, 210156, 240696, 274061, 310376, 349766, 392356, 438271, 487636, 540576, 597216, 657681, 722096, 790586, 863276, 940291

Offset: 0

Paul Barry, Mar 23 2003

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (4,-6,4,-1).

Cf. A081579, A081587.

[(6+115*n-150*n^2+125*n^3)/6: n in [0..40]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Aug 09 2013

CoefficientList[Series[(1 + 4 x)^3 / (1 - x)^4, {x, 0, 40}], x] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Aug 09 2013 *)

a(n) = (6 + 115*n - 150*n^2 + 125*n^3)/6.
G.f.: (1+4*x)^3/(1-x)^4.
From Elmo R. Oliveira, Jun 06 2025: (Start)
E.g.f.: exp(x)*(6 + 90*x + 225*x^2 + 125*x^3)/6.
a(n) = 4*a(n-1) - 6*a(n-2) + 4*a(n-3) - a(n-4). (End)

A361682 Array read by descending antidiagonals. A(n, k) is the number of multiset combinations of {0, 1} whose type is defined in the comments. Also A(n, k) = hypergeom([-k, -2], [1], n).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 6, 5, 1, 1, 10, 13, 7, 1, 1, 15, 25, 22, 9, 1, 1, 21, 41, 46, 33, 11, 1, 1, 28, 61, 79, 73, 46, 13, 1, 1, 36, 85, 121, 129, 106, 61, 15, 1, 1, 45, 113, 172, 201, 191, 145, 78, 17, 1, 1, 55, 145, 232, 289, 301, 265, 190, 97, 19, 1

Offset: 0

Peter Luschny, Mar 21 2023

A combination of a multiset M is an unordered selection of k objects of M, where every object can appear at most as many times as it appears in M.
A(n, k) = Cardinality(Union_{j=0..k} Combination(MultiSet(1^[j*n], 0^[(k-j)*n]))), where MultiSet(r^[s], u^[v]) denotes a set that contains the element r with multiplicity s and the element u with multiplicity v; thus the multisets under consideration have n*k elements. Since the base set is {1, 0} the elements can be represented as binary strings. Applying the combination operator to the multisets results in a set of binary strings where '0' resp. '1' can appear at most j*n resp. (k-j)*n times. 'At most' means that they do not have to appear; in other words, the resulting set always includes the empty string ''.
In contrast to the procedure in A361045 we consider here the cardinality of the set union and not the sum of the individual cardinalities. If you want to exclude the empty string, you will find the sequences listed in A361521. The same construction with multiset permutations instead of multiset combinations results in A361043.
A different view can be taken if one considers the hypergeometric representation, hypergeom([-k, -m], [1], n). This is a family of arrays that includes the 'rascal' triangle: the all 1's array A000012 (m = 0), the rascal array A077028 (m = 1), this array (m = 2), and A361731 (m = 3).

			Array A(n, k) starts:
   [0] 1,  1,   1,    1,   1,   1,   1,    1, ...  A000012
   [1] 1,  3,   6,   10,  15,  21,  28,   36, ...  A000217
   [2] 1,  5,  13,   25,  41,  61,  85,  113, ...  A001844
   [3] 1,  7,  22,   46,  79, 121, 172,  232, ...  A038764
   [4] 1,  9,  33,   73, 129, 201, 289,  393, ...  A081585
   [5] 1, 11,  46,  106, 191, 301, 436,  596, ...  A081587
   [6] 1, 13,  61,  145, 265, 421, 613,  841, ...  A081589
   [7] 1, 15,  78,  190, 351, 561, 820, 1128, ...  A081591
   000012  | A028872 | A239325 |
       A005408    A100536   A069133
.
Triangle T(n, k) starts:
   [0] 1;
   [1] 1,  1;
   [2] 1,  3,   1;
   [3] 1,  6,   5,   1;
   [4] 1, 10,  13,   7,   1;
   [5] 1, 15,  25,  22,   9,   1;
   [6] 1, 21,  41,  46,  33,  11,   1;
   [7] 1, 28,  61,  79,  73,  46,  13,  1;
   [8] 1, 36,  85, 121, 129, 106,  61, 15,  1;
   [9] 1, 45, 113, 172, 201, 191, 145, 78, 17, 1.
.
Row 4 of the triangle:
A(0, 4) =  1 = card('').
A(1, 3) = 10 = card('', 0, 00, 000, 1, 10, 100, 11, 110, 111).
A(2, 2) = 13 = card('', 0, 00, 000, 0000, 1, 10, 100, 11, 110, 1100, 111, 1111).
A(3, 1) =  7 = card('', 0, 00, 000, 1, 11, 111).
A(4, 0) =  1 = card('').

Rows: A000012, A000217, A001844, A038764, A081585, A081587, A081589, A081591.
Columns: A000012, A005408, A028872, A100536, A239325, A069133.
Cf. A239592 (main diagonal), A239331 (transposed array).
Cf. A361045, A361043, A361521, A361731, A077028.

A := (n, k) -> 1 + n*k*(4 + n*(k - 1))/2:
for n from 0 to 7 do seq(A(n, k), k = 0..7) od;
# Alternative:
ogf := n -> (1 + (n - 1)*x)^2 / (1 - x)^3:
ser := n -> series(ogf(n), x, 12):
row := n -> seq(coeff(ser(n), x, k), k = 0..9):
seq(print(row(n)), n = 0..7);

def A(m: int, steps: int) -> int:
    if m == 0: return 1
    size = m * steps
    cset = set()
    for a in range(0, size + 1, m):
        S = [str(int(i < a)) for i in range(size)]
        C = Combinations(S)
        cset.update("".join(i for i in c) for c in C)
    return len(cset)
def ARow(n: int, size: int) -> list[int]:
    return [A(n, k) for k in range(size + 1)]
for n in range(8): print(ARow(n, 7))

A(n, k) = 1 + n*k*(4 + n*(k - 1))/2.
T(n, k) = 1 + k*(n - k)*(4 + k*(n - k - 1))/2.
A(n, k) = [x^k] (1 + (n - 1)*x)^2 / (1 - x)^3.
A(n, k) = hypergeom([-k, -2], [1], n).
A(n, k) = A361521(n, k) + 1.

A239331 Square array, read by antidiagonals: column k has g.f. (1+(k-1)*x)^2/(1-x)^3.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 5, 6, 1, 1, 7, 13, 10, 1, 1, 9, 22, 25, 15, 1, 1, 11, 33, 46, 41, 21, 1, 1, 13, 46, 73, 79, 61, 28, 1, 1, 15, 61, 106, 129, 121, 85, 36, 1, 1, 17, 78, 145, 191, 201, 172, 113, 45, 1, 1, 19, 97, 190, 265, 301, 289, 232, 145, 55, 1, 1, 21

Offset: 0

Philippe Deléham, Mar 16 2014

			Square array begins:
n\k : 0......1......2......3......4......5......6......7......8......9
======================================================================
.0||  1......1......1......1......1......1......1......1......1......1
.1||  1......3......5......7......9.....11.....13.....15.....17.....19
.2||  1......6.....13.....22.....33.....46.....61.....78.....97....118
.3||  1.....10.....25.....46.....73....106....145....190....241....298
.4||  1.....15.....41.....79....129....191....265....351....449....559
.5||  1.....21.....61....121....201....301....421....561....721....901
.6||  1.....28.....85....172....289....436....613....820...1057...1324
.7||  1.....36....113....232....393....596....841...1128...1457...1828
.8||  1.....45....145....301....513....781...1105...1485...1921...2413
.9||  1.....55....181....379....649....991...1405...1891...2449...3079
10||  1.....66....221....466....801...1226...1741...2346...3041...3826
11||  1.....78....265....562....969...1486...2113...2850...3697...4654

Cf. Columns: A000012, A000217, A001844, A038764, A081585, A081587, A081589, A081591, A081593.

Cf. Rows: A000012, A005408, A028872, A100536, A239325, A069133.

T(n,k) = 3*T(n-1,k) - 3*T(n-2,k) + T(n-3,k).
T(n,k) = 3*T(n,k-1) - 3*T(n,k-2) + T(n,k-3).
T(n,k) = (T(n,k-1) + T(n,k+1))/2 - A161680(n).
T(n,k) = (T(n-1,k) + T(n+1,k) - A000290(n))/2.

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A081579 Pascal-(1,4,1) array.

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A081588 Fourth row of the Pascal-(1,4,1) array A081579.

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A361682 Array read by descending antidiagonals. A(n, k) is the number of multiset combinations of {0, 1} whose type is defined in the comments. Also A(n, k) = hypergeom([-k, -2], [1], n).

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A239331 Square array, read by antidiagonals: column k has g.f. (1+(k-1)*x)^2/(1-x)^3.

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