cp's OEIS Frontend

This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

A086617 Symmetric square table of coefficients, read by antidiagonals, where T(n,k) is the coefficient of x^n*y^k in f(x,y) that satisfies f(x,y) = 1/((1-x)(1-y)) + xy*f(x,y)^2.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3, 3, 1, 1, 4, 7, 4, 1, 1, 5, 13, 13, 5, 1, 1, 6, 21, 33, 21, 6, 1, 1, 7, 31, 69, 69, 31, 7, 1, 1, 8, 43, 126, 183, 126, 43, 8, 1, 1, 9, 57, 209, 411, 411, 209, 57, 9, 1, 1, 10, 73, 323, 815, 1118, 815, 323, 73, 10, 1, 1, 11, 91, 473, 1471, 2633, 2633, 1471, 473, 91, 11, 1
Offset: 0

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Author

Paul D. Hanna, Jul 24 2003

Keywords

Comments

Determinants of upper left n X n matrices results in A003046: {1,1,2,10,140,5880,776160,332972640,476150875200,...}, which is the product of the first n Catalan numbers (A000108).
May also be regarded as a Pascal-Catalan triangle. As a triangle, row sums are A086615, inverse has row sums 0^n.

Examples

			Rows begin:
  1, 1,  1,   1,    1,    1,     1,     1, ...
  1, 2,  3,   4,    5,    6,     7,     8, ...
  1, 3,  7,  13,   21,   31,    43,    57, ...
  1, 4, 13,  33,   69,  126,   209,   323, ...
  1, 5, 21,  69,  183,  411,   815,  1471, ...
  1, 6, 31, 126,  411, 1118,  2633,  5538, ...
  1, 7, 43, 209,  815, 2633,  7281, 17739, ...
  1, 8, 57, 323, 1471, 5538, 17739, 49626, ...
As a triangle:
  1;
  1,   1;
  1,   2,   1;
  1,   3,   3,   1;
  1,   4,   7,   4,   1;
  1,   5,  13,  13,   5,   1;
  1,   6,  21,  33,  21,   6,   1;
  1,   7,  31,  69,  69,  31,   7,   1;
  1,   8,  43, 126, 183, 126,  43,   8,   1;
		

Crossrefs

Cf. A086618 (diagonal), A086615 (antidiagonal sums), A003046 (determinants).

Programs

  • Mathematica
    T[n_, k_] := Sum[Binomial[n, j] Binomial[k, j] CatalanNumber[j], {j, 0, n}];
    Table[T[n - k, k], {n, 0, 11}, {k, 0, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 02 2019 *)

Formula

As a triangle, T(n, k)=sum{j=0..n-k, C(n-k, j)C(k, j)C(j)}; T(n, k)=sum{j=0..n, C(n-k, n-j)C(k, j-k)C(j-k)}; T(n, k)=if(k<=n, sum{j=0..n, C(k, j)C(n-k, n-j)C(k-j)}, 0).
As a square array, T(n, k)=sum{j=0..n, C(n, j)C(k, j)C(j)}; As a square array, T(n, k)=sum{j=0..n+k, C(n, n+k-j)C(k, j-k)C(j-k)}; column k has g.f. sum{j=0..k, C(k, j)C(j)(x/(1-x))^j}x^k/(1-x).
G.f.: (1-sqrt(1-(4*x^2*y)/((1-x)*(1-x*y))))/(2*x^2*y). - Vladimir Kruchinin, Jan 15 2018

Extensions

Additional comments from Paul Barry, Nov 17 2005
Edited by N. J. A. Sloane, Oct 16 2006