A088011 -id:A088011 - cp's OEIS frontend

A088012 Odd solutions to abs(sigma(k) - 2k) <= log(k). Numbers k whose abundance-radius does not exceed log(k).

1155, 8925, 32445, 442365, 159030135, 815634435, 2586415095, 1956860570050575, 221753180448460815, 747406020889133775

Offset: 1

Labos Elemer and Farideh Firoozbakht, Oct 20 2003

This sequence should include odd perfect numbers too, if they exist.
From Walter Nissen, Dec 15 2005: (Start)
     abundancy(k)             k            2k       sigma(k)  abundance
   1.99480519480519         1155          2310          2304      -6
   2.00067226890756         8925         17850         17856       6
   2.00018492834027        32445         64890         64896       6
   2.00001356346004       442365        884730        884736       6
   2.00000011318610    159030135     318060270     318060288      18
   1.99999999264376    815634435    1631268870    1631268864      -6
   2.00000000695943   2586415095    5172830190    5172830208      18
As it happens, abundance of these is -6, 6 or 18. This is not necessarily true for larger terms. (End)
See also A171929 and A188597 and A188263 for sequences of numbers (any / deficient / abundant) whose relative abundancy tends to 2. - M. F. Hasler, Feb 19 2017
3278298202600507814120339275775985 is also a term with abundance 30. In fact, it and 815634435 are the only odd terms known where abs(sigma(k)-2k) <= log_10(k). - Alexander Violette, Nov 05 2020; updated by Max Alekseyev, Jul 27 2025
Also includes 827880257692739174385 and 255286886041240176056063754225. - Max Alekseyev, Jul 27 2025

			1155 is in the sequence because sigma(1155) = 2304, giving 2*1155 - 2304 = 6, while natural log of 1155 is about 7.05.
From _M. F. Hasler_, Jul 18 2016: (Start)
We have the following factorizations:
1155 = 3 * 5 * 7 * 11,
8925 = 3 * 5^2 * 7 * 17,
32445 = 3^2 * 5 * 7 * 103,
442365 = 3 * 5 * 7 * 11 * 383,
159030135 = 3^5 * 5 * 11 * 73 * 163,
815634435 = 3 * 5 * 7 * 11 * 547 * 1291,
2586415095 = 3^2 * 5 * 11 * 31 * 41 * 4111.
The sequence appears to be a subsequence of A171929. (End)

Index entries for sequences where odd perfect numbers must occur, if they exist at all

Cf. A000079, A000396, A005100, A005101, A077374, A087167, A088007-A088011.

Cf. also A171929, A188263, A188597, A228059, A295296.

abu[x_] := Abs[DivisorSigma[1, x]-2*x] Do[If[ !Greater[abu[n], Log[n]//N]&&OddQ[n], Print[n]], {n, 1, 100000}]

is(n)=n%2 && abs(sigma(n)-2*n)<=log(n) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Feb 21 2017

a(7) from Donovan Johnson, Dec 21 2008

a(9) from Alexander Violette confirmed and a(8), a(10) added by Max Alekseyev, Jul 27 2025

A087485 Odd numbers n such that 2n - sigma(n) = 6.

Original entry on oeis.org

7, 15, 315, 1155, 815634435

Offset: 1

Farideh Firoozbakht, Oct 23 2003

This is a subsequence of A077374.
Except for the first term, all known terms of this sequence are divisible by 15. Is there a number n > 1 such that gcd(a(n),3)=1 or gcd(a(n),5)=1?
a(6) > 10^13. - Giovanni Resta, Mar 29 2013
Also, a subsequence of A141548. - M. F. Hasler, Apr 12 2015
The terms a(3) through a(5) are of the form a(k)*p*q, but I have proved that there is no other term of this form with k <= 5. - M. F. Hasler, Apr 13 2015
The terms are also of the form a(n) = 2*p(n) + 1, with primes p(n) = 3, 7, 157, 577, 407817217. All but the last one are such that 2*p(n) - 1 = a(n) - 2 is again prime. - M. F. Hasler, Nov 27 2016
Terms a(2..5) satisfy 2*a(n) - nextprime(sigma(a(n))) = (-1)^n, see also A067795. - M. F. Hasler, Feb 14 2017

			15 is in the sequence because 2*15-sigma(15)=6.

Cf. A077374, A087167, A088011, A088012.

Do[If[OddQ[n]&&2n-DivisorSigma[1, n]==6, Print[n]], {n, 2*10^9}]

is(n)=bittest(n,0)&&sigma(n)+6==2*n \\ M. F. Hasler, Apr 12 2015

a(3) = a(2)*3*7; a(4) = a(2)*7*11 with 7 = precprime(a(2)*2/3), 11=nextprime(a(2)*2/3); a(5) = a(4)*547*1291. - M. F. Hasler, Apr 13 2015

A117349 Near-multiperfects with primes, powers of 2 and 6 * prime excluded, abs(sigma(n) mod n) <= log(n).

Original entry on oeis.org

6, 10, 20, 28, 70, 88, 104, 110, 120, 136, 152, 464, 496, 592, 650, 672, 884, 1155, 1888, 1952, 2144, 4030, 5830, 8128, 8384, 8925, 11096, 17816, 18632, 18904, 30240, 32128, 32445, 32760, 32896, 33664, 45356, 70564, 77744, 85936, 91388, 100804, 116624

Offset: 1

Walter Nissen, Mar 09 2006

nonn

Sequences A117346 through A117350 are an attempt to improve on sequences A045768 through A045770, A077374, A087167, A087485 and A088007 through A088012 and related sequences (but not to replace them) by using a more significant definition of "near." E.g., is sigma(n) really "near" a multiple of n, for n=9? Or n=18? Log is the natural logarithm. Sigma is the sum_of_divisors function.

			70 is a term because sigma(70) = 144 = 2*70 + 4, while 4 < log(70) ~= 4.248.

R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, B2.

Donovan Johnson, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..180 (terms <= 10^12)
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Multiperfect Number

Cf. A045768, A045769, A045770, A077374, A087167, A087485.
Cf. A088007, A088008, A088009, A088010, A088011, A088012.
Cf. A117346, A117347, A117348, A117350.

sigma(n) = k*n + r, abs(r) <= log(n).

Offset corrected by Donovan Johnson, Oct 01 2012

A117347 Near-multiperfects with primes excluded, abs(sigma(m) mod m) <= log(m).

Original entry on oeis.org

4, 6, 8, 10, 16, 20, 28, 32, 64, 70, 88, 104, 110, 120, 128, 136, 152, 256, 464, 496, 512, 592, 650, 672, 884, 1024, 1155, 1888, 1952, 2048, 2144, 4030, 4096, 5830, 8128, 8192, 8384, 8925, 11096, 16384, 17816, 18632, 18904, 30240, 32128, 32445, 32760, 32768

Offset: 1

Walter Nissen, Mar 09 2006

nonn

Sequences A117346 through A117350 are an attempt to improve on sequences A045768 through A045770, A077374, A087167, A087485 and A088007 through A088012 and related sequences (but not to replace them) by using a more significant definition of "near". E.g., is sigma(n) (where sigma is the sum-of-divisors function) really "near" a multiple of n, for n = 9? Or n = 18?

			70 is a term because sigma(70) = 144 = 2 * 70 + 4, while 4 < log(70) ~= 4.248.

R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, B2.

Amiram Eldar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Walter Nissen, Near Multiperfects.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Multiperfect Number

Cf. A045768, A045769, A045770, A077374, A087167, A087485.
Cf. A088007, A088008, A088009, A088010, A088011, A088012.
Cf. A117346, A117348, A117349, A117350.

sigma(m) = k * m + r, abs(r) <= log(m).

Offset corrected by Amiram Eldar, Mar 05 2020

A117348 Near-multiperfects with primes and powers of 2 excluded, abs(sigma(m) mod m) <= log(m).

Original entry on oeis.org

6, 10, 20, 28, 70, 88, 104, 110, 120, 136, 152, 464, 496, 592, 650, 672, 884, 1155, 1888, 1952, 2144, 4030, 5830, 8128, 8384, 8925, 11096, 17816, 18632, 18904, 30240, 32128, 32445, 32760, 32896, 33664, 45356, 70564, 77744, 85936, 91388, 100804, 116624

Offset: 1

Walter Nissen, Mar 09 2006

nonn

Sequences A117346 through A117350 are an attempt to improve on sequences A045768 through A045770, A077374, A087167, A087485 and A088007 through A088012 and related sequences (but not to replace them) by using a more significant definition of "near". E.g., is sigma(n) really "near" a multiple of n, for n = 9? Or n = 18? Sigma is the sum_of_divisors function.

			70 is a term because sigma(70) = 144 = 2 * 70 + 4, while 4 < log (70) ~= 4.248.

R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, B2.

Amiram Eldar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Walter Nissen, Near Multiperfects.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Multiperfect Number

Cf. A045768, A045769, A045770, A077374, A087167, A087485.
Cf. A088007, A088008, A088010, A088011, A088012.
Cf. A117346, A117347, A117349, A117350.

sigma(n) = k * n + r, abs(r) <= log(n).

Offset corrected by Amiram Eldar, Mar 05 2020

A088818 Numbers k whose abundance-radius does not exceed log(log(k)), i.e., abs(sigma(k)-2*k) <= log(log(k)).

Original entry on oeis.org

6, 16, 28, 32, 64, 128, 256, 496, 512, 1024, 1952, 2048, 4096, 8128, 8192, 16384, 32768, 32896, 65536, 130304, 131072, 262144, 522752, 524288, 1048576, 2097152, 4194304, 8382464, 8388608, 16777216, 33550336, 33554432, 67108864, 134193152, 134217728, 268435456

Offset: 1

Labos Elemer, Oct 20 2003

nonn

			The perfect numbers are all terms.
It is an infinite sequence since it includes all the powers of 2 (A000079) that are larger than 8 (as almost-perfect numbers).

Cf. A033880, A088009, A088010, A088011, A088012, A077374, A000396, A000079.

abu[x_] := Abs[DivisorSigma[1, x]-2*x]; Do[If[ !Greater[abu[n], Log[Log[n]]//N], Print[n]], {n, 1, 1000000}]

is(n) = n > 1 && abs(sigma(n)-2*n) < log(log(n)); \\ Amiram Eldar, Jul 24 2024

a(28)-a(34) from Donovan Johnson, Dec 21 2008

a(35)-a(36) from Amiram Eldar, Jul 24 2024

A088820 Numbers k with abundance radius of 8, i.e., abs(sigma(k)-2*k) = 8.

Original entry on oeis.org

22, 56, 130, 184, 368, 836, 1012, 2272, 11096, 17816, 18904, 33664, 45356, 70564, 77744, 85936, 91388, 100804, 128768, 254012, 388076, 391612, 527872, 1090912, 2087936, 2291936, 13174976, 17619844, 29465852, 35021696, 45335936, 120888092, 260378492, 381236216

Offset: 1

Labos Elemer, Oct 20 2003

nonn

Original definition: Abundance-radius=8, that is Abs[sigma[n]-2n]=8 (either +8 or -8). A045770 from 3rd term complemented by -8 cases.

			22 is in the sequence since sigma(22) = 1 + 2 + 11 + 22 = 36 = 2*22 - 8.
56 is in the sequence since sigma(56) = 1 + 2 + 4 + 7 + 8 + 14 + 28 + 56 = 120 = 2*56 + 8. - _Michael B. Porter_, Jul 20 2016

Amiram Eldar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..66 (terms below 10^18, from the b-files at A088833 and A125247)

Disjoint union of A088833 (abundance 8) and A125247 (deficiency 8).
Cf. A045770, A045768, A055708, A077374, A088007, A088008, A088010, A088011, A088012, A088818, A088819.
Cf. A000203 (sigma), A033880 (abundance), A005100 (deficient numbers).

[n: n in [1..2*10^7] | Abs(DivisorSigma(1, n) - 2*n) eq 8]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Jul 20 2016

Select[Range[1, 10^6], Abs[DivisorSigma[1, #] - 2 #] == 8 &] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Jul 20 2016 *)

is(n)=abs(sigma(n)-2*n)==8 \\ Use, e.g., select(is,[1..10^5]*2). - M. F. Hasler, Jul 19 2016

More terms from David Wasserman, Aug 18 2005
Edited by M. F. Hasler, Jul 19 2016
a(33)-a(34) from Amiram Eldar, Mar 11 2025

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A088012 Odd solutions to abs(sigma(k) - 2k) <= log(k). Numbers k whose abundance-radius does not exceed log(k).

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A087485 Odd numbers n such that 2n - sigma(n) = 6.

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A117349 Near-multiperfects with primes, powers of 2 and 6 * prime excluded, abs(sigma(n) mod n) <= log(n).

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A117347 Near-multiperfects with primes excluded, abs(sigma(m) mod m) <= log(m).

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A117348 Near-multiperfects with primes and powers of 2 excluded, abs(sigma(m) mod m) <= log(m).

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A088818 Numbers k whose abundance-radius does not exceed log(log(k)), i.e., abs(sigma(k)-2*k) <= log(log(k)).

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A088820 Numbers k with abundance radius of 8, i.e., abs(sigma(k)-2*k) = 8.

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