cp's OEIS Frontend

This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

Showing 1-10 of 20 results. Next

A235044 Partial sums of the characteristic function of A091214.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Antti Karttunen, Jan 02 2014

Keywords

Comments

Note that this also works as an inverse function of A091214 in a sense that a(A091214(n)) = n for all n>=1.

Crossrefs

Used to compute A235042. Cf. A066247, A091225, A235043.

Programs

A014580 Binary irreducible polynomials (primes in the ring GF(2)[X]), evaluated at X=2.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 3, 7, 11, 13, 19, 25, 31, 37, 41, 47, 55, 59, 61, 67, 73, 87, 91, 97, 103, 109, 115, 117, 131, 137, 143, 145, 157, 167, 171, 185, 191, 193, 203, 211, 213, 229, 239, 241, 247, 253, 283, 285, 299, 301, 313, 319, 333, 351, 355, 357, 361, 369, 375
Offset: 1

Views

Author

David Petry (petry(AT)accessone.com)

Keywords

Comments

Or, binary irreducible polynomials, interpreted as binary vectors, then written in base 10.
The numbers {a(n)} are a subset of the set {A206074}. - Thomas Ordowski, Feb 21 2014
2^n - 1 is a term if and only if n = 2 or n is a prime and 2 is a primitive root modulo n. - Jianing Song, May 10 2021
For odd k, k is a term if and only if binary_reverse(k) = A145341((k+1)/2) is. - Joerg Arndt and Jianing Song, May 10 2021

Examples

			x^4 + x^3 + 1 -> 16+8+1 = 25. Or, x^4 + x^3 + 1 -> 11001 (binary) = 25 (decimal).
		

Crossrefs

Written in binary: A058943.
Number of degree-n irreducible polynomials: A001037, see also A000031.
Multiplication table: A048720.
Characteristic function: A091225. Inverse: A091227. a(n) = A091202(A000040(n)). Almost complement of A091242. Union of A091206 & A091214 and also of A091250 & A091252. First differences: A091223. Apart from a(1) and a(2), a subsequence of A092246 and hence A000069.
Table of irreducible factors of n: A256170.
Irreducible polynomials satisfying particular conditions: A071642, A132447, A132449, A132453, A162570.
Factorization sentinel: A278239.
Sequences analyzing the difference between factorization into GF(2)[X] irreducibles and ordinary prime factorization of the corresponding integer: A234741, A234742, A235032, A235033, A235034, A235035, A235040, A236850, A325386, A325559, A325560, A325563, A325641, A325642, A325643.
Factorization-preserving isomorphisms: A091203, A091204, A235041, A235042.
See A115871 for sequences related to cross-domain congruences.
Functions based on the irreducibles: A305421, A305422.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    fQ[n_] := Block[{ply = Plus @@ (Reverse@ IntegerDigits[n, 2] x^Range[0, Floor@ Log2@ n])}, ply == Factor[ply, Modulus -> 2] && n != 2^Floor@ Log2@ n]; fQ[2] = True; Select[ Range@ 378, fQ] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Aug 12 2011 *)
    Reap[Do[If[IrreduciblePolynomialQ[IntegerDigits[n, 2] . x^Reverse[Range[0, Floor[Log[2, n]]]], Modulus -> 2], Sow[n]], {n, 2, 1000}]][[2, 1]] (* Jean-François Alcover, Nov 21 2016 *)
  • PARI
    is(n)=polisirreducible(Pol(binary(n))*Mod(1,2)) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Mar 22 2013

A091206 Primes whose binary representation encodes a polynomial irreducible over GF(2).

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 3, 7, 11, 13, 19, 31, 37, 41, 47, 59, 61, 67, 73, 97, 103, 109, 131, 137, 157, 167, 191, 193, 211, 229, 239, 241, 283, 313, 379, 397, 419, 433, 463, 487, 499, 557, 563, 587, 601, 607, 613, 617, 631, 647, 661, 677, 701, 719, 757, 761, 769, 787, 827, 859
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Antti Karttunen, Jan 03 2004

Keywords

Comments

"Encoded in binary representation" means that a polynomial a(n)*X^n+...+a(0)*X^0 over GF(2) is represented by the binary number a(n)*2^n+...+a(0)*2^0 in Z (where each coefficient a(k) = 0 or 1).
Subsequence with Hamming weight nonprime starts 2, 1019, 1279, 1531, 1663, 1759, 1783, 1789, 2011, 2027, 2543, 2551, ... [Joerg Arndt, Nov 01 2013]. These are now given by A255569. - Antti Karttunen, May 14 2015

Crossrefs

Intersection of A014580 and A000040.
Apart from a(2) = 3 a subsequence of A027697. The numbers in A027697 but not here are listed in A238186.
Also subsequence of A235045 (its primes. Cf. also A235041-A235042).
Cf. A091209 (Primes whose binary expansion encodes a polynomial reducible over GF(2)), A091212 (Composite, and reducible over GF(2)), A091214 (Composite, but irreducible over GF(2)), A257688 (either 1, prime or irreducible over GF(2)).
Subsequence: A255569.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    okQ[p_] := Module[{id, pol, x}, id = IntegerDigits[p, 2] // Reverse; pol = id.x^Range[0, Length[id] - 1]; IrreduciblePolynomialQ[pol, Modulus -> 2]];
    Select[Prime[Range[1000]], okQ] (* Jean-François Alcover, Feb 06 2023 *)
  • PARI
    is(n)=polisirreducible( Mod(1,2) * Pol(digits(n,2)) );
    forprime(n=2,10^3,if (is(n), print1(n,", ")));
    \\ Joerg Arndt, Nov 01 2013

Formula

a(n) = A000040(A091207(n)) = A014580(A091208(n)).

A091209 Primes whose binary representation encodes a polynomial reducible over GF(2).

Original entry on oeis.org

5, 17, 23, 29, 43, 53, 71, 79, 83, 89, 101, 107, 113, 127, 139, 149, 151, 163, 173, 179, 181, 197, 199, 223, 227, 233, 251, 257, 263, 269, 271, 277, 281, 293, 307, 311, 317, 331, 337, 347, 349, 353, 359, 367, 373, 383, 389, 401, 409, 421, 431, 439, 443, 449, 457, 461, 467, 479, 491, 503, 509, 521, 523
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Antti Karttunen, Jan 03 2004

Keywords

Comments

"Encoded in binary representation" means that a polynomial a(n)*X^n+...+a(0)*X^0 over GF(2) is represented by the binary number a(n)*2^n+...+a(0)*2^0 in Z (where each coefficient a(k) = 0 or 1).
Except for 3, all primes with even Hamming weight (A027699) are terms, see A238186 for the subsequence of primes with odd Hamming weight. [Joerg Arndt and Antti Karttunen, Feb 19 2014]

Crossrefs

Intersection of A000040 and A091242.
Disjoint union of A238186 and (A027699 \ {3}).
Left inverse: A235043.
Cf. A091206 (Primes whose binary expansion encodes a polynomial irreducible over GF(2)), A091212 (Composite, and reducible over GF(2)), A091214 (Composite, but irreducible over GF(2)).

Programs

  • Maple
    Primes:= select(isprime,[2,seq(2*i+1,i=1..1000)]):
    filter:= proc(n) local L,x;
        L:= convert(n,base,2);
        Irreduc(add(L[i]*x^(i-1),i=1..nops(L))) mod 2;
    end proc:
    remove(filter,Primes); # Robert Israel, May 17 2015
  • Mathematica
    Select[Prime[Range[2, 100]], !IrreduciblePolynomialQ[bb = IntegerDigits[#, 2]; Sum[bb[[k]] x^(k-1), {k, 1, Length[bb]}], Modulus -> 2]&] (* Jean-François Alcover, Feb 28 2016 *)
  • PARI
    forprime(p=2, 10^3, if( ! polisirreducible( Mod(1,2)*Pol(binary(p)) ), print1(p,", ") ) ); \\ Joerg Arndt, Feb 19 2014

Formula

a(n) = A000040(A091210(n)) = A091242(A091211(n)).
Other identities. For all n >= 1:
A235043(a(n)) = n. [A235043 works as a left inverse of this sequence.]

A235042 Factorization-preserving bijection from GF(2)[X]-polynomials to nonnegative integers, version which fixes the elements that are irreducible in both semirings.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 6, 7, 8, 21, 18, 11, 12, 13, 14, 27, 16, 81, 42, 19, 36, 49, 22, 39, 24, 5, 26, 63, 28, 33, 54, 31, 32, 93, 162, 91, 84, 37, 38, 99, 72, 41, 98, 15, 44, 189, 78, 47, 48, 77, 10, 243, 52, 57, 126, 17, 56, 117, 66, 59, 108, 61, 62, 147, 64, 441
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Antti Karttunen, Jan 02 2014

Keywords

Comments

Like A091203 this is a factorization-preserving isomorphism from GF(2)[X]-polynomials to integers. The former are encoded in the binary representation of n like this: n=11, '1011' in binary, stands for polynomial x^3+x+1, n=25, '11001' in binary, stands for polynomial x^4+x^3+1. However, this version does not map the irreducible GF(2)[X] polynomials (A014580) straight to the primes (A000040), but instead fixes the intersection of those two sets (A091206), and maps the elements in their set-wise difference A014580 \ A000040 (= A091214) in numerical order to the set-wise difference A000040 \ A014580 (= A091209).
The composite values are defined by the multiplicativity. E.g., we have a(A048724(n)) = 3*a(n) and a(A001317(n)) = A000244(n) = 3^n for all n.
This map satisfies many of the same identities as A091203, e.g., we have A091219(n) = A008683(a(n)), A091220(n) = A000005(a(n)), A091221(n) = A001221(a(n)), A091222(n) = A001222(a(n)), A091225(n) = A010051(a(n)) and A091247(n) = A066247(a(n)) for all n >= 1.

Examples

			Here (t X u) = A048720(t,u):
a(2)=2, a(3)=3 and a(7)=7, as 2, 3 and 7 are all in A091206.
a(4) = a(2 X 2) = a(2)*a(2) = 2*2 = 4.
a(5) = a(3 X 3) = a(3)*a(3) = 3*3 = 9.
a(9) = a(3 X 7) = a(3)*a(7) = 3*7 = 21.
a(10) = a(2 X 3 X 3) = a(2)*a(3)*a(3) = 2*3*3 = 18.
a(15) = a(3 X 3 X 3) = a(3)^3 = 3^3 = 27.
a(17) = a(3 X 3 X 3 X 3) = a(3)^4 = 3^4 = 81.
a(21) = a(7 X 7) = a(7)*a(7) = 7*7 = 49.
a(25) = 5, as 25 is the first term of A091214 and 5 is the first term of A091209.
a(50) = a(2 X 25) = a(2)*a(25) = 2*5 = 10.
		

Crossrefs

Inverse: A235041. Fixed points: A235045.
Similar cross-multiplicative permutations: A091203, A091205, A106443, A106445, A106447.

Formula

a(0)=0, a(1)=1, a(p) = p for those irreducible GF(2)[X]-polynomials whose binary encoding is a prime (i.e., p is in A091206), and for the rest of irreducible GF(2)[X]-polynomials (those which are encoded by a composite natural number, i.e., q is in A091214), a(q) = A091209(A235044(q)), and for reducible polynomials, a(i X j X k X ...) = a(i) * a(j) * a(k) * ..., where each i, j, k, ... is in A014580, X stands for carryless multiplication of GF(2)[X] polynomials (A048720) and * for the ordinary multiplication of integers (A004247).

A235027 Reverse the bits of prime divisors of n (with 2 -> 2), and multiply together: a(0)=0, a(1)=1, a(2)=2, a(p) = revbits(p) for odd primes p, a(u*v) = a(u) * a(v) for composites.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 12, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 25, 20, 21, 26, 29, 24, 25, 22, 27, 28, 23, 30, 31, 32, 39, 34, 35, 36, 41, 50, 33, 40, 37, 42, 53, 52, 45, 58, 61, 48, 49, 50, 51, 44, 43, 54, 65, 56, 75, 46, 55, 60, 47, 62, 63, 64, 55, 78, 97
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Antti Karttunen, Jan 02 2014

Keywords

Comments

This is not a permutation of integers: a(25) = 25 = 5*5 = a(19) is the first case which breaks the injectivity. However, the first 24 terms are equal with A057889, which is a GF(2)[X]-analog of this sequence and which in contrary to this, is bijective. This stems from the fact that the set of irreducible GF(2)[X] polynomials (A014580) is closed under bit-reversal (A056539), while primes (A000040) are not.
Sequence A290078 gives the positions n where the ratio a(n)/n obtains new record values.
Note, instead of A056539 we could as well use A057889 to reverse the bits of n, and also A030101 when restricted to odd primes.

Examples

			a(33) = a(3*11) = a(3) * a(11) = 3 * 13 = 39 (because 3, in binary '11', stays same when reversed, while 11 (eleven), in binary '1011', changes to '1101' = 13).
		

Crossrefs

A235028 gives the fixed points. A235030 numbers such that n <> a(a(n)), or equally A001222(a(n)) > A001222(n). A235145 the number of iterations needed to reach a fixed point or cycle of 2, A235146 its records.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    f[p_, e_] := IntegerReverse[p, 2]^e; f[2, e_] := 2^e; a[1] = 1; a[n_] := Times @@ f @@@ FactorInteger[n]; Array[a, 100, 0] (* Amiram Eldar, Sep 03 2023 *)
  • PARI
    revbits(n) = fromdigits(Vecrev(binary(n)), 2);
    a(n) = {my(f = factor(n)); for (k=1, #f~, if (f[k,1] != 2, f[k,1] = revbits(f[k,1]););); factorback(f);} \\ Michel Marcus, Aug 05 2017

Formula

Completely multiplicative with a(0)=0, a(1)=1, a(p) = A056539(p) for primes p (which maps 2 to 2, and reverses the binary representation of odd primes), and a(u*v) = a(u) * a(v) for composites.
Equally, after a(0)=0, a(p * q * ... * r) = A056539(p) * A056539(q) * ... * A056539(r), for primes p, q, etc., not necessarily distinct.
a(0)=0, a(1)=1, a(n) = A056539(A020639(n)) * a(n/A020639(n)).

A235041 Factorization-preserving bijection from nonnegative integers to GF(2)[X]-polynomials, version which fixes the elements that are irreducible in both semirings.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 25, 6, 7, 8, 5, 50, 11, 12, 13, 14, 43, 16, 55, 10, 19, 100, 9, 22, 87, 24, 321, 26, 15, 28, 91, 86, 31, 32, 29, 110, 79, 20, 37, 38, 23, 200, 41, 18, 115, 44, 125, 174, 47, 48, 21, 642, 89, 52, 117, 30, 227, 56, 53, 182, 59, 172, 61, 62, 27, 64
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Antti Karttunen, Jan 02 2014

Keywords

Comments

Like A091202 this is a factorization-preserving isomorphism from integers to GF(2)[X]-polynomials. The latter are encoded in the binary representation of n like this: n=11, '1011' in binary, stands for polynomial x^3+x+1, n=25, '11001' in binary, stands for polynomial x^4+x^3+1. However, this version does not map the primes (A000040) straight to the irreducible GF(2)[X] polynomials (A014580), but instead fixes the intersection of those two sets (A091206), and maps the elements in their set-wise difference A000040 \ A014580 (= A091209) in numerical order to the set-wise difference A014580 \ A000040 (= A091214).
The composite values are defined by the multiplicativity. E.g., we have a(3n) = A048724(a(n)) and a(3^n) = A001317(n) for all n.
This map satisfies many of the same identities as A091202, e.g., we have A000005(n) = A091220(a(n)), A001221(n) = A091221(a(n)), A001222(n) = A091222(a(n)) and A008683(n) = A091219(a(n)) for all n >= 1.

Examples

			Here (t X u) = A048720(t,u):
a(2)=2, a(3)=3 and a(7)=7, as 2, 3 and 7 are all in A091206.
a(4) = a(2*2) = a(2) X a(2) = 2 X 2 = 4.
a(9) = a(3*3) = a(3) X a(3) = 3 X 3 = 5.
a(5) = 25, as 5 is the first term of A091209 and 25 is the first term of A091214.
a(10) = a(2*5) = a(2) X a(5) = 2 X 25 = 50.
Similarly, a(17) = 55, as 17 is the second term of A091209 and 55 is the second term of A091214.
a(21) = a(3*7) = a(3) X a(7) = 3 X 7 = 9.
		

Crossrefs

Inverse: A235042. Fixed points: A235045.
Similar cross-multiplicative permutations: A091202, A091204, A106442, A106444, A106446.

Formula

a(0)=0, a(1)=1, a(p) = p for those primes p whose binary representations encode also irreducible GF(2)[X]-polynomials (i.e., p is in A091206), and for the rest of the primes q (those whose binary representation encode composite GF(2)[X]-polynomials, i.e., q is in A091209), a(q) = A091214(A235043(q)), and for composite natural numbers, a(p * q * r * ...) = a(p) X a(q) X a(r) X ..., where p, q, r, ... are primes and X stands for the carryless multiplication (A048720) of GF(2)[X] polynomials encoded as explained in the Comments section.

A091212 Composite numbers whose binary representation encodes a polynomial reducible over GF(2).

Original entry on oeis.org

4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 54, 56, 57, 58, 60, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, 72, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 88, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 98, 99
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Antti Karttunen, Jan 03 2004

Keywords

Comments

"Encoded in binary representation" means that a polynomial a(n)*X^n+...+a(0)*X^0 over GF(2) is represented by the binary number a(n)*2^n+...+a(0)*2^0 in Z (where each coefficient a(k) = 0 or 1).
From Reinhard Zumkeller, Jul 05-12 2011, values for maximum n corrected by Antti Karttunen, May 18 2015: (Start)
a(n) = A192506(n) for n <= 36.
a(n) = A175526(n) for n <= 36.
(End)

Crossrefs

Intersection of A002808 and A091242.
Cf. A257688 (complement, either 1, irreducible in GF(2)[X] or prime), A091206 (prime and irreducible), A091209 (prime and reducible), A091214 (nonprime and irreducible).
Cf. A091213, A236861, A235036 (a subsequence, apart from 1).
Differs from both A175526 and A192506 for the first time at n=37, where a(37) = 56, while A175526(37) = A192506(37) = 55, a term missing from here (as 55 encodes a polynomial which is irreducible in GF(2)[X]).
Differs from its subsequence A205783(n+1) for the first time at n=47, where a(47) = 69, while 69 is missing from A205783.

Programs

  • PARI
    isA014580(n)=polisirreducible(Pol(binary(n))*Mod(1, 2)); \\ This function from Charles R Greathouse IV
    isA091212(n) = ((n > 1) && !isprime(n) && !isA014580(n));
    n = 0; i = 0; while(n < 2^16, n++; if(isA091212(n), i++; write("b091212.txt", i, " ", n)));

Formula

a(n) = A091242(A091213(n)).

A236834 Numbers that do not occur as results of "downward" remultiplication (N -> GF(2)[X]) of any number; numbers not present in A234741.

Original entry on oeis.org

25, 50, 55, 87, 91, 100, 110, 115, 117, 133, 143, 145, 159, 171, 174, 182, 185, 200, 203, 213, 220, 230, 234, 237, 247, 249, 253, 266, 267, 279, 285, 286, 290, 299, 301, 318, 319, 321, 333, 339, 342, 345, 348, 351, 355, 357, 361, 364, 369, 370, 375, 385, 391, 395, 400
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Antti Karttunen, Jan 31 2014

Keywords

Comments

Numbers that do not occur in A234741 (A236841).
This is a subsequence of A236838, thus all terms are GF(2)[X]-multiples of some of the terms of A091214. (Cf. also A236844).
a(5)=91 is the first term that does not occur in A236849. On the other hand, A236849(4)=75, is the first term in the latter which does not occur here.

Crossrefs

Complement: A236841. This sequence is a setwise difference of A236838 and A236839.
A091214 is a subsequence.
Positions of zeros in A236833, A236836, A236837 and A236861
Cf. also A236844, A234741, A236835.

A236841 Numbers that occur as results of downward remultiplication (N -> GF(2)[X]) of some number; A234741 sorted and duplicates removed.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Antti Karttunen, Jan 31 2014

Keywords

Comments

The range of A234741: numbers n which encode by their binary representation a polynomial in GF(2)[X] whose multiset of irreducible polynomial factors P, Q, ..., W (where n = P x Q x ... x W, where P, Q, ..., W are irreducible polynomials encoded by A014580, and are not necessarily distinct, and x stands for carryless multiplication of such polynomials: A048720) can be grouped to at least one such multiset (P x Q, W), (P x W, Q), (P, Q x W), (P x Q x W), etc., in such a way that all its members are primes.
Above condition implies that none of the terms of A091214 occur here.

Examples

			17 is a term because it factors as 3 x 3 x 3 x 3 in GF(2)[X], and these can be grouped as (3x3x3x3), (3x3 * 3x3), (3 * 3 * 3x3) and (3 * 3 * 3 * 3) that is, as 17, (5 * 5), (3 * 3 * 5) and (3 * 3 * 3 * 3) which give the four different k, 17, 25, 45 and 81, for which A234741(k) = 17. (Note that A236833(17) = 4. In the grouping (3 * 3x3x3) = (3 * 15) 15 is not a prime, so it is discarded,)
25 is not a term because it is an irreducible in GF(2)[X], but not a prime in N.
43 = 3 x 25 is a term because 43 itself is a prime in N.
125 = 3 x 3 x 25 is a term, because both 3 and (3 x 25) = 43 are primes in N. Their product 3*43 = 129 gives one such k that A234741(k) = 125.
1951 = 25 x 87 is a member, as although both 25 and 87 are in A091214, 1951 is itself a prime in N.
		

Crossrefs

Positions of nonzero terms in A236833.
Complement of A236834.
Characteristic function: A236861.
A subsequence: A236839.

Formula

Use the characteristic function A236861(n) to determine whether n is a term of this sequence or not. Specifically, all primes occur in this sequence. A composite number n occurs only if there exists at least one such pair of k, m < n that n = A048720(k,m) and k and m both occur here. This implies that none of the terms of A091214 are present.
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