A328186 -id:A328186 - cp's OEIS frontend

A170915 Write 1 + sin x = Product_{n>=1} (1 + g_n * x^n); a(n) = denominator(g_n).

1, 1, 6, 6, 120, 120, 5040, 280, 72576, 362880, 39916800, 11975040, 1245404160, 88957440, 1307674368000, 11675664000, 71137485619200, 1067062284288000, 121645100408832000, 101370917007360000, 10218188434341888000, 5109094217170944000, 25852016738884976640000

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Jan 30 2010

From Petros Hadjicostas, Oct 06 2019: (Start)
The recurrence about (A(m,n): m,n >= 1) in the Formula section follows from Theorem 3 in Gingold et al. (1988); see also Gingold and Knopfmacher (1995, p. 1222). A(m=1,n) equals the n-th coefficient of the Taylor expansion of 1 + sin(x).
If 1 + sin(x) = 1/Product_{n>=1} (1 + f_n * x^n) (inverse power product expansion), then Gingold and Knopfmacher (1995) and Alkauskas (2008, 2009) proved that f_n = -g_n for n odd, and Sum_{s|n} (-g_{n/s})^s/s = -Sum_{s|n} (-f_{n/s})^s/s. [We caution that different authors may use -g_n for g_n, or -f_n for f_n, or both.] We have A328191(n) = numerator(f_n) and A328186(n) = denominator(f_n).
Wolfdieter Lang (see the link below) examined inverse power product expansions both for ordinary g.f.'s and for exponential g.f.'s.
In all cases, we assume the g.f.'s are unital, i.e., the g.f.'s start with a constant 1.
(End)

			g_n = 1, 0, -1/6, 1/6, -19/120, 19/120, -659/5040, 37/280, -7675/72576, ...

Giedrius Alkauskas, One curious proof of Fermat's little theorem, arXiv:0801.0805 [math.NT], 2008.
Giedrius Alkauskas, A curious proof of Fermat's little theorem, Amer. Math. Monthly 116(4) (2009), 362-364.
H. Gingold, H. W. Gould, and Michael E. Mays, Power Product Expansions, Utilitas Mathematica 34 (1988), 143-161.
H. Gingold and A. Knopfmacher, Analytic properties of power product expansions, Canad. J. Math. 47 (1995), 1219-1239.
W. Lang, Recurrences for the general problem, 2009.

Numerators are in A170914.

Cf. A170910, A170911, A170912, A170913, A328186, A328191.

# Calculates the fractions g_n (choose L much larger than M):
PPE_sin := proc(L, M)
local t1, t0, g, t2, n, t3;
if L < 2.5*M then print("Choose larger value for L");
else
t1 := 1 + sin(x);
t0 := series(t1, x, L);
g := []; t2 := t0;
for n to M do
t3 := coeff(t2, x, n);
t2 := series(t2/(1 + t3*x^n), x, L);
g := [op(g), t3];
end do;
end if;
[seq(g[n], n = 1 .. nops(g))];
end proc;
# Calculates the denominators of g_n:
h1 := map(denom, PPE_sin(100, 40)); # Petros Hadjicostas, Oct 06 2019 by modifying N. J. A. Sloane's program from A170912 and A170913.

A[m_, n_] :=
  A[m, n] =
   Which[m == 1, (1-(-1)^n)*(-1)^Floor[(n-1)/2]/(2*n!), m > n >= 1, 0, True,
    A[m - 1, n] - A[m - 1, m - 1]*A[m, n - m + 1]];
a[n_] := Denominator[A[n, n]];
a /@ Range[1, 55] (* Petros Hadjicostas, Oct 06 2019, courtesy of Jean-François Alcover *)

From Petros Hadjicostas, Oct 07 2019: (Start)
a(2*n+1) = A328186(2*n+1) for n >= 0.
Define (A(m,n): n,m >= 1) by A(m=1,2*n+1) = (-1)^n/(2*n+1)! for n >= 0, A(m=1,2*n) = 0 for n >= 1, A(m,n) = 0 for m > n >= 1 (upper triangular), and A(m,n) = A(m-1,n) - A(m-1,m-1) * A(m,n-m+1) for n >= m >= 2. Then g_n = A(n,n). (End)

A170914 Write 1 + sin x = Product_{n>=1} (1 + g_n * x^n); a(n) = numerator(g_n).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, -1, 1, -19, 19, -659, 37, -7675, 40043, -3578279, 1123009, -95259767, 7091713, -85215100151, 832857559, -4180679675171, 63804880881241, -6399968826052559, 5697831990097981, -478887035449041839, 252737248941887573, -1123931378903214542099, 35703551772944759

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Jan 30 2010

From Petros Hadjicostas, Oct 06 2019: (Start)
The recurrence about (A(m,n): m,n >= 1) in the Formula section follows from Theorem 3 in Gingold et al. (1988); see also Gingold and Knopfmacher (1995, p. 1222). A(m=1,n) equals the n-th coefficient of the Taylor expansion of 1 + sin(x).
If 1 + sin(x) = 1/Product_{n>=1} (1 + f_n * x^n) (inverse power product expansion), then Gingold and Knopfmacher (1995) and Alkauskas (2008, 2009) proved that f_n = -g_n for n odd, and Sum_{s|n} (-g_{n/s})^s/s = -Sum_{s|n} (-f_{n/s})^s/s. [We caution that different authors may use -g_n for g_n, or -f_n for f_n, or both.] We have A328191(n) = numerator(f_n) and A328186(n) = denominator(f_n).
Wolfdieter Lang (see the link below) examined inverse power product expansions both for ordinary g.f.'s and for exponential g.f.'s.
In all cases, we assume the g.f.'s are unital, i.e., the g.f.'s start with a constant 1.
(End)

			g_n = 1, 0, -1/6, 1/6, -19/120, 19/120, -659/5040, 37/280, -7675/72576, ...

Giedrius Alkauskas, One curious proof of Fermat's little theorem, arXiv:0801.0805 [math.NT], 2008.
Giedrius Alkauskas, A curious proof of Fermat's little theorem, Amer. Math. Monthly 116(4) (2009), 362-364.
H. Gingold, H. W. Gould, and Michael E. Mays, Power Product Expansions, Utilitas Mathematica 34 (1988), 143-161.
H. Gingold and A. Knopfmacher, Analytic properties of power product expansions, Canad. J. Math. 47 (1995), 1219-1239.
W. Lang, Recurrences for the general problem, 2009.

Cf. Denominators are in A170915.

Cf. A170910, A170911, A170912, A170913, A328186, A328191.

# Calculates the fractions g_n (choose L much larger than M):
PPE_sin := proc(L, M)
local t1, t0, g, t2, n, t3;
if L < 2.5*M then print("Choose larger value for L");
else
t1 := 1 + sin(x);
t0 := series(t1, x, L);
g := []; t2 := t0;
for n to M do
t3 := coeff(t2, x, n);
t2 := series(t2/(1 + t3*x^n), x, L);
g := [op(g), t3];
end do;
end if;
[seq(g[n], n = 1 .. nops(g))];
end proc;
# Calculates the numerators of g_n:
h1 := map(numer, PPE_sin(100, 40)); # Petros Hadjicostas, Oct 06 2019 by modifying N. J. A. Sloane's program from A170912 and A170913.

A[m_, n_] :=
  A[m, n] =
   Which[m == 1, (1-(-1)^n)*(-1)^Floor[(n-1)/2]/(2*n!), m > n >= 1, 0, True,
    A[m - 1, n] - A[m - 1, m - 1]*A[m, n - m + 1]];
a[n_] := Numerator[A[n, n]];
a /@ Range[1, 55] (* Petros Hadjicostas, Oct 06 2019, courtesy of Jean-François Alcover *)

From Petros Hadjicostas, Oct 07 2019: (Start)
a(2*n+1) = -A328191(2*n+1) for n >= 0.
Define (A(m,n): n,m >= 1) by A(m=1,2*n+1) = (-1)^n/(2*n+1)! for n >= 0, A(m=1,2*n) = 0 for n >= 1, A(m,n) = 0 for m > n >= 1 (upper triangular), and A(m,n) = A(m-1,n) - A(m-1,m-1) * A(m,n-m+1) for n >= m >= 2. Then g_n = A(n,n). (End)

A354055 Product_{n>=1} 1 / (1 - x^n)^(a(n)/n!) = 1 + sin(x).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, -2, -1, 4, -19, 164, -659, 1408, -18775, 642224, -3578279, -21642752, -476298835, 11904106304, 25626362581, 68669145088, -20903398375855, 212840905389824, -6399968826052559, -78465506362130432, 1010700510694925525, 101465632831736751104, -1123931378903214542099

Offset: 1

Ilya Gutkovskiy, May 16 2022

sign

Cf. A170914, A170915, A328186, A328191, A353607, A353873, A354056, A354063, A354064, A354065, A354066.

nmax = 23; CoefficientList[Series[Sum[MoebiusMu[k] Log[1 + Sin[x^k]]/k, {k, 1, nmax}], {x, 0, nmax}], x] Range[0, nmax]! // Rest

E.g.f.: Sum_{k>=1} mu(k) * log(1 + sin(x^k)) / k.

A328191 Write 1/(1 + sin x) = Product_{n>=1} (1 + f_n x^n); a(n) = numerator(f_n).

Original entry on oeis.org

-1, 1, 1, 5, 19, -47, 659, 1837, 7675, -154729, 3578279, 3984853, 95259767, -1364856587, 85215100151, 46900690817, 4180679675171, -157452879103733, 6399968826052559, 893237028559439, 478887035449041839, -11642446645024341437, 1123931378903214542099, 15392026390952264029

Offset: 1

Petros Hadjicostas, Oct 07 2019

The recurrence about (A(m,n): m,n >= 1) in the Formula section follows from Theorem 3 in Gingold et al. (1988); see also Gingold and Knopfmacher (1995, p. 1222). A(m=1,n) equals the n-th coefficient of the Taylor expansion of 1/(1 + sin(x)). For that coefficient, we use a modification of a formula by Peter Luschny in the documentation of sequences A099612 and A099617.
Write 1 + sin x = Product_{n>=1} (1 + g_n * x^n). We have A170914(n) = numerator(g_n) and A170915(n) = denominator(g_n).
Gingold and Knopfmacher (1995) and Alkauskas (2008, 2009) proved that f_n = -g_n for n odd, and Sum_{s|n} (-g_{n/s})^s/s = -Sum_{s|n} (-f_{n/s})^s/s. [We caution that different authors may use -g_n for g_n, or -f_n for f_n, or both.]
Wolfdieter Lang (see the link below) examined inverse power product expansions both for ordinary g.f.'s and for exponential g.f.'s. He connects inverse power product expansions to unital series associated to (infinite dimensional) Witt vectors and to the so-called "Somos transformation".
There are more formulas for f_n and g_n in the references listed below. In all cases, we assume the g.f.'s are unital, i.e., the g.f.'s start with a constant 1.

			f_n = -1, 1, 1/6, 5/6, 19/120, -47/360, 659/5040, 1837/2520, 7675/72576, -154729/1814400, 3578279/39916800, 3984853/59875200, 95259767/1245404160, ...

Giedrius Alkauskas, One curious proof of Fermat's little theorem, arXiv:0801.0805 [math.NT], 2008.
Giedrius Alkauskas, A curious proof of Fermat's little theorem, Amer. Math. Monthly 116(4) (2009), 362-364.
H. Gingold, H. W. Gould, and Michael E. Mays, Power Product Expansions, Utilitas Mathematica 34 (1988), 143-161.
H. Gingold and A. Knopfmacher, Analytic properties of power product expansions, Canad. J. Math. 47 (1995), 1219-1239.
W. Lang, Recurrences for the general problem, 2009.

Denominators are in A328186.

Cf. A099612, A099617, A170914, A170915, A279107.

# Calculates the fractions f_n (choose L much larger than M):
PPE := proc(L, M)
local t1, t0, g, t2, n, t3;
if L < 2.5*M then print("Choose larger value for L");
else
t1 := 1/(1 + sin(x));
t0 := series(t1, x, L);
f := []; t2 := t0;
for n to M do
t3 := coeff(t2, x, n);
t2 := series(t2/(1 + t3*x^n), x, L);
f := [op(f), t3];
end do;
end if;
[seq(f[n], n = 1 .. nops(f))];
end proc;
# Calculates the numerators of f_n:
h:=map(numer, PPE(100, 40)); # Petros Hadjicostas, Oct 07 2019 by modifying N. J. A. Sloane's program from A170912 and A170913.

A[m_, n_] :=
  A[m, n] =
   Which[m == 1, 2*(-1)^n*I^(n + 2)*PolyLog[-(n + 1), -I]/n!,
    m > n >= 1, 0, True,
    A[m - 1, n] - A[m - 1, m - 1]*A[m, n - m + 1]];
a[n_] := Numerator[A[n, n]];
a /@ Range[1, 55] (* Petros Hadjicostas, Oct 07 2019 using a program by Jean-François Alcover and a formula from A099612 and A099617 *)

a(2*n + 1) = -A170914(2*n + 1) for n >= 0.
Define (A(m,n): n,m >= 1) by A(m=1, n) = 2 * (-1)^n * i^(n + 2) * PolyLog(-(n + 1), -i)/n! for n >= 1 (with i := sqrt(-1)), A(m,n) = 0 for m > n >= 1 (upper triangular), and A(m,n) = A(m-1,n) - A(m-1,m-1) * A(m,n-m+1) for n >= m >= 2. Then f_n = A(n,n) and thus a(n) = numerator(A(n,n)).
If we write 1 + sin x = Product_{n>=1} (1 + g_n * x^n) and we know (g_n: n >= 1), then f_n = -g_n + Sum_{s|n, s > 1} (1/s) * ((-f_{n/s})^s + (-g_{n/s})^s). This proves of course that f_n = -g_n for n odd.

A353873 Product_{n>=1} 1 / (1 - a(n)*x^n/n!) = 1 + sin(x).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, -2, -1, -20, -19, 94, -659, -29392, -38375, 309458, -3578279, -31878824, -476298835, 5459426348, -85215100151, -12006576849152, -20903398375855, 314905758207466, -6399968826052559, -178647405711887800, -2394435177245209195, 46569786580097365748

Offset: 1

Ilya Gutkovskiy, May 10 2022

sign

Cf. A170914, A170915, A328186, A328191, A353607, A353910, A353911, A353912.

nn = 22; f[x_] := Product[1/(1 - a[n] x^n/n!), {n, 1, nn}]; sol = SolveAlways[0 == Series[f[x] - 1 - Sin[x], {x, 0, nn}], x]; Table[a[n], {n, 1, nn}] /. sol // Flatten

A354171 Product_{n>=1} (1 + x^n)^(a(n)/n!) = 1 + sin(x).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, -1, 4, -19, 44, -659, 8128, -18775, 67664, -3578279, 7629568, -476298835, 505198784, 25626362581, 4286437900288, -20903398375855, -118410655250176, -6399968826052559, -33100680116191232, 1010700510694925525, 706348515575880704, -1123931378903214542099

Offset: 1

Ilya Gutkovskiy, May 18 2022

sign

Cf. A067856, A170914, A170915, A328186, A328191, A353607, A353873, A354055, A354172, A354173, A354174, A354175, A354176.

b[n_, i_] := b[n, i] = If[n == 0, 1, If[i < 1, 0, Sum[Binomial[c[i], j] b[n - i j, i - 1], {j, 0, n/i}]]]; c[n_] := c[n] = {1, 0, -1, 0}[[Mod[n, 4, 1]]]/n! - b[n, n - 1]; a[n_] := n! c[n]; Table[a[n], {n, 1, 23}]

E.g.f.: Sum_{k>=1} A067856(k) * log(1 + sin(x^k)) / k.

cp's OEIS Frontend

A170915 Write 1 + sin x = Product_{n>=1} (1 + g_n * x^n); a(n) = denominator(g_n).

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Examples

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Maple

Mathematica

Formula

A170914 Write 1 + sin x = Product_{n>=1} (1 + g_n * x^n); a(n) = numerator(g_n).

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Examples

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Maple

Mathematica

Formula

A354055 Product_{n>=1} 1 / (1 - x^n)^(a(n)/n!) = 1 + sin(x).

Views

Author

Keywords

Crossrefs

Programs

Mathematica

Formula

A328191 Write 1/(1 + sin x) = Product_{n>=1} (1 + f_n x^n); a(n) = numerator(f_n).

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Examples

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Maple

Mathematica

Formula

A353873 Product_{n>=1} 1 / (1 - a(n)*x^n/n!) = 1 + sin(x).

Views

Author

Keywords

Crossrefs

Programs

Mathematica

A354171 Product_{n>=1} (1 + x^n)^(a(n)/n!) = 1 + sin(x).

Views

Author

Keywords

Crossrefs

Programs

Mathematica

Formula