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Also the smallest prime of the form (n^k - 1)/(n - 1) with k > 2. The corresponding values of k are in A128164.

For n = 18, a(n) = (18^25667 - 1)/17 as explained in the extension of A128164, but it is too large to write in the Data field.

Differs from A084738: in A084738, the primes of the form (n^2 - 1)/(n - 1) = n + 1 are included, for instance 7 = 6 + 1 = 11_6 but not included here, so a(6) = 43 = 111_6.

As mentioned by Dubner, see link, when n is a power of a prime ( >= 2 ), the number (n^k - 1)/(n - 1) with k > 2 is usually composite, so a(4) = a(9) = a(16) = a(25) = 0 for instance, exception a(8) = 73.

Values of a(19)-a(31): {109912203092239643840221, 421, 463, 245411, 292561, 601, 0, 321272407, 757, 637421, 732541, 837931, 917087137}. - Michael De Vlieger, Apr 24 2017

Appears to be the union of the perfect squares k^2 (for k>1) and the prime powers p^k (for k>1) with some exceptions, such as 2^3, 3^3, 2^7, etc.

The perfect powers except those of the form n^(p^m) where p and (n^(p^(m+1))-1)/(n^(p^m)-1) are primes, p>2 and m>=1. - Max Alekseyev, Mar 09 2009

Indices of 0 in A084740.

Possibly a subset of A001597.

The first unknown value is n=152, checked up to k = prime(1100). - Derek Orr, Nov 29 2014

It is known 169, 216, 225, 243, 289, 324, 343 are also members of this sequence. - Derek Orr, Nov 29 2014

Repunits in base 18 are off to a slow start compared with all the repunits in bases from -20 to 20. There are only 4 repunit primes in base 18 with exponents searched up to 150,000 while most other bases have 7-10 by then. Even after scaling the rate by logb logb, this is relatively low. - Paul Bourdelais, Mar 12 2010

With the discovery of a(6), this sequence of base-18 repunits is converging nicely to a rate close to Euler's constant with G=0.6667. - Paul Bourdelais, Mar 17 2010

With the discovery of a(7), G=0.54789, which is very close to the expected constant 0.56145948 mentioned in the Generalized Repunit Conjecture below. - Paul Bourdelais, Dec 08 2014

a(92) > 10000, a(93)..a(133) = {37, 3, 17, 5, 11, 31, 577, 271, 3, 19, 13, 3, 41, 137, 3, 281, 13, 7, 239, 0, 5, 11, 3, 113, 7, 7, 5, 17, 0, 3, 17, 5, 7, 19, 5, 23, 2011, 31, 5, 5, 13}, a(134) > 10000, a(135)..a(139) = {41, 37, 5, 5, 3}, a(140) > 10000, a(141)..a(150) = {29, 5, 3, 0, 13, 3, 17, 17, 113, 193}.