A363308 Expansion of g.f. C(x*C(x)^3), where C(x) = 1 + x*C(x)^2 is the g.f. of the Catalan numbers (A000108).
1, 1, 5, 26, 141, 790, 4542, 26668, 159333, 966038, 5930678, 36801660, 230491410, 1455283172, 9253674120, 59209786992, 380961295445, 2463303690790, 15998687418030, 104325569140156, 682768883525830, 4483232450501492, 29527005540912660, 195006621974036808
Offset: 0
Keywords
Examples
G.f.: A(x) = 1 + x + 5*x^2 + 26*x^3 + 141*x^4 + 790*x^5 + 4542*x^6 + 26668*x^7 + 159333*x^8 + 966038*x^9 + 5930678*x^10 + ... such that A(x) = C(x*C(x)^3), where C(x) = 1 + x + 2*x^2 + 5*x^3 + 14*x^4 + 42*x^5 + ... + A000108(n)*x^n + ... x*C(x)^3 = x + 3*x^2 + 9*x^3 + 28*x^4 + 90*x^5 + ... + A000245(n)*x^n + ... Note that x*C(x)^3 = (C(x) - 1)*(1-x)/x - 1. Also, the g.f. of related sequence A033296 begins B(x) = 1 + x + 6*x^2 + 42*x^3 + 326*x^4 + 2706*x^5 + 23526*x^6 + ... where A(x) = B(x/A(x)), B(x) = A(x*B(x)) = C(x*B(x)*C(x*B(x))^3).
Links
- Paul D. Hanna, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..400
Programs
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PARI
{a(n) = if(n==0,1, sum(k=1,n, 3*k* binomial(2*k+1,k) * binomial(2*n+k,n-k) / ((2*k+1)*(2*n+k)) ) )} for(n=0, 30, print1(a(n), ", ")) -
PARI
/* G.f. A(x) = C(x*C(x)^3), where C(x) = 1 + x*C(x)^2 */ {a(n) = my(C = (1 - sqrt(1 - 4*x +x^2*O(x^n)))/(2*x)); polcoeff( subst(C, x, x*C^3), n)} for(n=0, 30, print1(a(n), ", "))
Formula
G.f. A(x) = Sum_{n>=0} a(n)*x^n may be defined as follows; here, C(x) is the g.f. of the Catalan numbers (A000108).
(1) A(x) = C(x*C(x)^3), where C(x) = (1 - sqrt(1-4*x))/(2*x).
(2) A(x) = B(x/A(x)) where B(x) = A(x*B(x)) = C( x*B(x) * C(x*B(x))^3 ) is the g.f. of A033296.
(3) a(n) = Sum_{k=1..n} 3*k* binomial(2*k+1,k) * binomial(2*n+k,n-k) / ((2*k+1)*(2*n+k)) for n > 0, with a(0) = 1.
D-finite with recurrence 4*n*(n-1)*(21687905*n +56141583)*(n+1)*a(n) +2*n*(n-1) *(43375810*n^2 -6022811713*n +10976463649)*a(n-1) -(n-1) *(15429963345*n^3 -200018809315*n^2 +658353214412*n -632905646028)*a(n-2) +(102558230760*n^4 -1409936457473*n^3 +6909548744112*n^2 -14414518702669*n +10812683474490)*a(n-3) +(-212869593020*n^4 +3377685007909*n^3 -20069314453381*n^2 +52902205420466*n -52146873039204)*a(n-4) +4*(2*n-11) *(10773532140*n^3 -171459615587*n^2 +902576783797*n -1572525214995)*a(n-5) +4*(n-6) *(208500820*n -955419151)*(2*n-11) *(2*n-13)*a(n-6)=0. - R. J. Mathar, Nov 22 2024
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