A248938 -id:A248938 - cp's OEIS frontend

A340004 Decimal expansion of Product_{primes p == 1 (mod 5)} p^2/(p^2-1).

1, 0, 1, 0, 9, 1, 5, 1, 6, 0, 6, 0, 1, 0, 1, 9, 5, 2, 2, 6, 0, 4, 9, 5, 6, 5, 8, 4, 2, 8, 9, 5, 1, 4, 9, 2, 0, 9, 8, 4, 5, 3, 8, 6, 2, 7, 5, 8, 1, 7, 3, 8, 5, 2, 3, 7, 3, 2, 0, 2, 4, 2, 0, 0, 8, 9, 2, 5, 1, 6, 1, 3, 7, 4, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 2, 6, 3, 7, 0, 9, 3, 9, 6, 1, 9, 7, 6, 9, 4, 5, 5, 8, 9, 2, 1, 8

Offset: 1

Artur Jasinski, Jan 15 2021

This constant is called Euler product 2==1 modulo 5 (see Mathar's Definition 5 formula (38)) or equivalently zeta 2==1 modulo 5.

			1.01091516060101952260495658428951492...

Vaclav Kotesovec, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..501
Salma Ettahri, Olivier Ramaré, and Léon Surel, Fast multi-precision computation of some Euler products, arXiv:1908.06808 [math.NT], 2019 p.20 (100 digits precision data).
R. J. Mathar, Table of Dirichlet L-series and prime zeta modulo functions for small moduli, arXiv:1008.2547 [math.NT], 2014-2015, Section 3.3. zeta_{5,1}(2).

Cf. A340127, A340628, A340629, A340665, A340794, A340839.
Cf. A175646, A301429, A333240.
Cf. A175647, A248930, A248938, A335963.
Cf. A004615, A340576, A340577, A340578, A334826.

S[m_, n_, s_] := (t = 1; sums = 0; difs = 1; While[Abs[difs] > 10^(-digits - 5) || difs == 0, difs = (MoebiusMu[t]/t) * Log[If[s*t == 1, DirichletL[m, n, s*t], Sum[Zeta[s*t, j/m]*DirichletCharacter[m, n, j]^t, {j, 1, m}]/m^(s*t)]]; sums = sums + difs; t++]; sums);
P[m_, n_, s_] := 1/EulerPhi[m] * Sum[Conjugate[DirichletCharacter[m, r, n]] * S[m, r, s], {r, 1, EulerPhi[m]}] + Sum[If[GCD[p, m] > 1 && Mod[p, m] == n, 1/p^s, 0], {p, 1, m}];
Z[m_, n_, s_] := (w = 1; sumz = 0; difz = 1; While[Abs[difz] > 10^(-digits - 5), difz = P[m, n, s*w]/w; sumz = sumz + difz; w++]; Exp[sumz]);
$MaxExtraPrecision = 1000; digits = 121; RealDigits[Chop[N[Z[5, 1, 2], digits]], 10, digits-1][[1]] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Jan 15 2021, took 20 minutes *)

Equals Sum_{k>=1} 1/A004615(k)^2. - Amiram Eldar, Jan 24 2021

Equals exp(-gamma/2)*Pi/(A340839^2*sqrt(5*log((1 + sqrt (5))/2))). - Artur Jasinski, Jan 30 2021

A340127 Decimal expansion of Product_{primes p == 4 (mod 5)} p^2/(p^2-1).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 0, 4, 9, 6, 0, 3, 2, 3, 9, 2, 2, 2, 9, 7, 5, 5, 8, 9, 9, 3, 7, 4, 9, 6, 2, 4, 8, 1, 0, 2, 5, 2, 1, 8, 4, 7, 9, 5, 5, 1, 0, 2, 9, 4, 1, 8, 8, 0, 2, 2, 8, 8, 0, 1, 9, 9, 5, 2, 8, 3, 7, 8, 5, 2, 1, 5, 0, 7, 1, 2, 7, 7, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0, 7, 6, 9, 8, 8, 5, 4, 3, 2, 4, 9, 1, 3, 6, 1, 1, 8, 0, 0, 6, 1, 9

Offset: 1

Artur Jasinski, Jan 15 2021

			1.0049603239222975589937496248102521847955102941880228801995283785215071277...

Vaclav Kotesovec, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..501
S. Ettahri, O. Ramare, L. Surel, Fast multi-precision computation of some Euler products, arxiv:1908.06808 (2019), Section 9.
Steven Finch and Pascal Sebah, Residue of a Mod 5 Euler Product, arXiv:0912.3677 [math.NT], 2009 (C(5,n) = mu(n,5) formulas p.2).
Alessandro Languasco and Alessandro Zaccagnini, Computation of the Mertens constants mod q; 3 <= q <= 100, (2007) (GP-PARI procedure 100 digits accuracy).
Alessandro Languasco and Alessandro Zaccagnini, On the constant in the Mertens product for arithmetic progressions. I. Identities, Funct. Approx. Comment. Math. Volume 42, Number 1 (2010), 17-27.
For other links see A340711.

Cf. A004618, A175646, A175647, A248930, A248938, A301429, A333240, A334826, A335963, A340576, A340577, A340578, A340628, A340628, A340004.

(* Using Vaclav Kotesovec's function Z from A301430. *)
$MaxExtraPrecision = 1000; digits = 121;
digitize[c_] := RealDigits[Chop[N[c, digits]], 10, digits - 1][[1]];
digitize[Z[5, 4, 2]]

Equals (1/C(5,4))*Pi*sqrt(3*C(5,1)*C(5,2)*C(5,3)/(5*C(5,4)*log(2+sqrt(5)))).
for definitions of Mertens constants C(5,n) see A. Languasco and A. Zaccagnini 2010.
for high precision numerical values C(5,n) see A. Languasco and A. Zaccagnini 2007.
C(5,1)=1.225238438539084580057609774749220527540595509391649938767...
C(5,2)=0.546975845411263480238301287430814037751996324100819295153...
C(5,3)=0.8059510404482678640573768602784309320812881149390108979348...
C(5,4)=1.29936454791497798816084001496426590950257497040832966201678...
Equals (1/C(5,4)^2)*Pi*sqrt(3*exp(-gamma)/(4*log(2 + sqrt(5)))), where gamma is the Euler-Mascheroni constant A001620.
Equals Sum_{k>=1} 1/A004618(k)^2. - Amiram Eldar, Jan 24 2021

A340628 Decimal expansion of Product_{primes p == 4 (mod 5)} (p^2+1)/(p^2-1).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 0, 9, 9, 3, 5, 9, 3, 4, 8, 2, 9, 4, 0, 1, 0, 2, 7, 3, 4, 9, 0, 3, 8, 4, 8, 8, 2, 4, 1, 7, 7, 8, 1, 6, 7, 7, 1, 5, 8, 5, 8, 5, 4, 7, 5, 4, 8, 8, 0, 1, 0, 1, 3, 0, 5, 8, 1, 9, 3, 2, 7, 9, 5, 1, 1, 8, 5, 9, 2, 6, 4, 5, 3, 1, 8, 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 3, 6, 3, 1, 2, 2, 6, 0, 2, 5, 8, 9, 9, 2, 9, 9, 8, 8, 6, 4, 7, 8, 1, 5, 5, 6, 2, 6, 2, 1, 3, 2, 2, 5, 4, 6, 2

Offset: 1

Artur Jasinski, Jan 13 2021

			1.009935934829401027349038488241778167715858547548801013...

Vaclav Kotesovec, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..500
Salma Ettahri, Olivier Ramaré, and Léon Surel, Fast multi-precision computation of some Euler products, arXiv:1908.06808 [math.NT], 2019 p.20 (70 digits precision data).
Steven Finch, Greg Martin, and Pascal Sebah, Roots of unity and nullity modulo n, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. Volume 138, Number 8, August 2010, pp. 2729-2743.
Steven Finch and Pascal Sebah, Residue of a Mod 5 Euler Product, arXiv:0912.3677 [math.NT], 2009 (formulas).
Alessandro Languasco and Alessandro Zaccagnini, On the constant in the Mertens product for arithmetic progressions. I. Identities, Funct. Approx. Comment. Math. Volume 42, Number 1 (2010), 17-27, (preliminary version).
Richard J. Mathar, Table of Dirichlet L-Series and Prime Zeta Modulo Functions for Small Moduli, arXiv:1008.2547 [math.NT], 2010-2015.

Cf. A175646, A175647, A248930, A248938, A301429, A333240, A334826, A335963, A340576, A340577, A340578, A340629.

evalf(Re(2*Pi^2/(5*sqrt(13*((I*Pi^2*(1/150)-I*polylog(2, (-1)^(2/5)))^2+((1/150)*(11*I)*Pi^2+I*polylog(2, (-1)^(4/5)))^2)))), 120) # Vaclav Kotesovec, Jan 20 2021, after formula by Pascal Sebah

S[m_, n_, s_] := (t = 1; sums = 0; difs = 1; While[Abs[difs] > 10^(-digits - 5) || difs == 0, difs = (MoebiusMu[t]/t) * Log[If[s*t == 1, DirichletL[m, n, s*t], Sum[Zeta[s*t, j/m]*DirichletCharacter[m, n, j]^t, {j, 1, m}]/m^(s*t)]]; sums = sums + difs; t++]; sums);
P[m_, n_, s_] := 1/EulerPhi[m] * Sum[Conjugate[DirichletCharacter[m, r, n]] * S[m, r, s], {r, 1, EulerPhi[m]}] + Sum[If[GCD[p, m] > 1 && Mod[p, m] == n, 1/p^s, 0], {p, 1, m}];
Z[m_, n_, s_] := (w = 1; sumz = 0; difz = 1; While[Abs[difz] > 10^(-digits - 5), difz = P[m, n, s*w]/w; sumz = sumz + difz; PrintTemporary["iteration = ", w, ", difference = ", N[difz, digits]]; w++]; Exp[sumz]);
$MaxExtraPrecision = 1000; digits = 121; Chop[N[1/(Z[5,4,4]/Z[5,4,2]^2), digits]] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Jan 15 2021, took over 20 minutes *)
digits = 121; digitize[c_] := RealDigits[Chop[N[c, digits]], 10, digits][[1]];
cl[x_] :=I(PolyLog[2,(-1)^x] - PolyLog[2,-(-1)^(1-x)]);
A340628 :=(4 Pi^2)/(5 Sqrt[13])/ Sqrt[cl[2/5]^2 + cl[4/5]^2];
digitize[A340628] (* Peter Luschny, Jan 23 2021 *)

Equals 6*sqrt(5)/(13*A340629).
Equals 6*sqrt(13)*Pi^2/(195*g) where g = sqrt(Cl2(2*Pi/5)^2 + Cl2(4*Pi/5)^2) = 1.0841621352693895..., and Cl2 is the Clausen function of order 2. Formula by Pascal Sebah (personal communication). - Artur Jasinski, Jan 20 2021
Equals A340127^2/A340809. - R. J. Mathar, Jan 22 2021
Equals Sum_{q in A004618} 2^A001221(q)/q^2. - R. J. Mathar, Jan 27 2021

Corrected and more terms from Vaclav Kotesovec, Jan 15 2021

A340576 Decimal expansion of Product_{primes p == 5 (mod 6)} 1/(1-1/p^2).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 6, 0, 5, 4, 8, 2, 9, 3, 1, 6, 9, 1, 1, 0, 7, 2, 8, 1, 7, 4, 1, 2, 6, 3, 6, 4, 3, 0, 9, 8, 7, 2, 0, 3, 4, 9, 3, 0, 7, 7, 1, 3, 0, 2, 0, 4, 4, 8, 7, 1, 6, 3, 1, 2, 7, 9, 9, 4, 3, 7, 2, 1, 8, 1, 7, 9, 4, 6, 0, 8, 0, 2, 4, 4, 0, 6, 6, 3, 7, 4, 5, 9, 0, 3, 1, 6, 1, 4, 3, 8, 7, 6, 8, 5, 6, 3, 3, 5, 6, 5, 0, 1, 5

Offset: 1

Jean-François Alcover, Jan 12 2021

The four similar sequences for products of primes mod 6 are these:
  A175646 for Product_{primes p == 1 (mod 6)} 1/(1-1/p^2),
  A340576 for Product_{primes p == 5 (mod 6)} 1/(1-1/p^2),
  A340577 for Product_{primes p == 1 (mod 6)} 1/(1+1/p^2),
  A340578 for Product_{primes p == 5 (mod 6)} 1/(1+1/p^2).

			1.06054829316911072817412636430987203493077130204487163127994372...

R. J. Mathar, Table of Dirichlet L-series and prime zeta modulo functions for small moduli, arXiv:1008.2547 [math.NT], 2010-2015, Zeta_{6,5}(2) in section 3.2.

Similar constants: A175646, A175647, A248930, A248938, A301429, A333240, A334826, A335963, A340577, A340578.

Cf. A259548.

a := n -> 3^(2^(-n-2))*((1-3^(-2^(n+1)))/2)^(2^(-n-1)):
b := n -> Zeta(n)/Im(polylog(n, (-1)^(2/3))):
c := n -> a(n)*b(2^(n+1))^(1/2^(n+1)):
Digits := 107: evalf((3/4)*mul(c(n), n=0..9)); # Peter Luschny, Jan 14 2021

digits = 105;
precision = digits + 10;
prodeuler[p_, a_, b_, expr_] := Product[If[a <= p <= b, expr, 1], {p, Prime[Range[PrimePi[a], PrimePi[b]]]}];
Lv3[s_] := prodeuler[p, 1, 2^(precision/s), 1/(1 - KroneckerSymbol[-3, p]*p^-s)] // N[#, precision] &;
Lv4[s_] := 2*Im[PolyLog[s, Exp[2*I*Pi/3]]]/Sqrt[3];
Lv[s_] := If[s >= 10000, Lv3[s], Lv4[s]];
gv[s_] := (1 - 3^(-s))*Zeta[s]/Lv[s];
pB = (3/4)*Product[gv[2^n*2]^(2^-(n+1)), {n, 0, 11}] // N[#, precision]&;
RealDigits[pB, 10, digits][[1]] (* Most of this code is due to Artur Jasinski *)
S[m_, n_, s_] := (t = 1; sums = 0; difs = 1; While[Abs[difs] > 10^(-digits - 5) || difs == 0, difs = (MoebiusMu[t]/t) * Log[If[s*t == 1, DirichletL[m, n, s*t], Sum[Zeta[s*t, j/m]*DirichletCharacter[m, n, j]^t, {j, 1, m}]/m^(s*t)]]; sums = sums + difs; t++]; sums);
P[m_, n_, s_] := 1/EulerPhi[m] * Sum[Conjugate[DirichletCharacter[m, r, n]] * S[m, r, s], {r, 1, EulerPhi[m]}] + Sum[If[GCD[p, m] > 1 && Mod[p, m] == n, 1/p^s, 0], {p, 1, m}];
Z[m_, n_, s_] := (w = 1; sumz = 0; difz = 1; While[Abs[difz] > 10^(-digits - 5), difz = P[m, n, s*w]/w; sumz = sumz + difz; w++]; Exp[sumz]);
$MaxExtraPrecision = 1000; digits = 121; RealDigits[Chop[N[Z[6,5,2], digits]], 10, digits-1][[1]] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Jan 15 2021 *)

g = A143298 = (9 - PolyGamma(1, 2/3) + PolyGamma(1, 4/3))/(4 sqrt(3));
h = A301429;
Equals (3*sqrt(3)*h^2)/2.
Equals (3/4)*A333240.
A340577 = Pi^4/(243*g*h^2);
A340578 = (45*g*h^2)/(2*Pi^2).
Equals Pi^2/(9*A175646). - Artur Jasinski, Jan 11 2021
Equals Sum_{k>=1} 1/A259548(k)^2. - Amiram Eldar, Jan 24 2021

A340577 Decimal expansion of Product_{primes p == 1 (mod 6)} 1/(1+1/p^2).

Original entry on oeis.org

9, 6, 7, 5, 5, 0, 4, 0, 2, 5, 1, 9, 5, 6, 1, 8, 8, 6, 6, 0, 9, 4, 7, 0, 7, 7, 0, 4, 3, 9, 0, 6, 7, 7, 3, 0, 0, 1, 5, 2, 4, 9, 1, 2, 9, 6, 0, 3, 0, 4, 3, 8, 6, 3, 5, 6, 3, 0, 2, 3, 9, 8, 0, 8, 4, 0, 6, 8, 7, 3, 9, 5, 1, 6, 3, 8, 3, 9, 9, 9, 4, 6, 1, 6, 0, 5, 4, 1, 7, 8, 7, 3, 7, 7, 4, 2, 2, 3, 6, 8, 7, 5, 9, 8, 1

Offset: 0

Jean-François Alcover, Jan 12 2021

			0.96755040251956188660947077043906773001524912960304386356302398...

Similar constants: A175646, A175647, A248930, A248938, A301429, A333240, A334826, A335963, A340576, A340578.

digits = 105;
precision = digits + 5;
prodeuler[p_, a_, b_, expr_] := Product[If[a <= p <= b, expr, 1], {p, Prime[Range[PrimePi[a], PrimePi[b]]]}];
Lv3[s_] := prodeuler[p, 1, 2^(precision/s), 1/(1 - KroneckerSymbol[-3, p]*p^-s)] // N[#, precision]&;
Lv4[s_] := 2*Im[PolyLog[s, Exp[2*I*Pi/3]]]/Sqrt[3];
Lv[s_] := If[s >= 10000, Lv3[s], Lv4[s]];
gv[s_] := (1 - 3^(-s))*Zeta[s]/Lv[s];
pB = (3/4)*Product[gv[2^n*2]^(2^-(n+1)), {n, 0, 11}] // N[#, precision]&;
pC = (2*Pi^4)/(243*pB*Lv[2]);
RealDigits[pC, 10, digits][[1]](* Most of this code is due to Artur Jasinski *)
(* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- *)
S[m_, n_, s_] := (t = 1; sums = 0; difs = 1; While[Abs[difs] > 10^(-digits - 5) || difs == 0, difs = (MoebiusMu[t]/t) * Log[If[s*t == 1, DirichletL[m, n, s*t], Sum[Zeta[s*t, j/m]*DirichletCharacter[m, n, j]^t, {j, 1, m}]/m^(s*t)]]; sums = sums + difs; t++]; sums);
P[m_, n_, s_] := 1/EulerPhi[m] * Sum[Conjugate[DirichletCharacter[m, r, n]] * S[m, r, s], {r, 1, EulerPhi[m]}] + Sum[If[GCD[p, m] > 1 && Mod[p, m] == n, 1/p^s, 0], {p, 1, m}];
Z[m_, n_, s_] := (w = 1; sumz = 0; difz = 1; While[Abs[difz] > 10^(-digits - 5), difz = P[m, n, s*w]/w; sumz = sumz + difz; w++]; Exp[sumz]);
$MaxExtraPrecision = 1000; digits = 121; RealDigits[Chop[N[Z[6, 1, 4]/Z[6, 1, 2], digits]], 10, digits-1][[1]] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Jan 15 2021 *)

Equals 1.0004615.../A175646, both constants taken from p 27 of arXiv:1008.2537v2. - R. J. Mathar, Aug 21 2022

a(104) corrected by Vaclav Kotesovec, Jan 15 2021

A340578 Decimal expansion of Product_{primes p == 5 (mod 6)} 1/(1+1/p^2).

Original entry on oeis.org

9, 4, 4, 5, 0, 0, 9, 3, 4, 5, 0, 4, 7, 0, 0, 9, 8, 6, 7, 3, 4, 2, 9, 1, 0, 9, 4, 1, 9, 1, 4, 4, 4, 3, 4, 2, 5, 4, 6, 1, 1, 0, 7, 8, 0, 8, 6, 9, 0, 6, 6, 7, 6, 9, 5, 5, 7, 3, 5, 7, 7, 1, 1, 1, 8, 3, 8, 2, 6, 4, 5, 1, 9, 9, 3, 3, 5, 7, 4, 6, 3, 9, 5, 6, 7, 7, 5, 3, 9, 6, 1, 7, 0, 5, 2, 9, 9, 4, 5, 3, 5, 8, 6, 7, 8

Offset: 0

Jean-François Alcover, Jan 12 2021

			0.94450093450470098673429109419144434254611078086906676955735771...

Similar constants: A175646, A175647, A248930, A248938, A301429, A333240, A334826, A335963, A340576, A340577.

digits = 105;
precision = digits + 5;
prodeuler[p_, a_, b_, expr_] := Product[If[a <= p <= b, expr, 1], {p, Prime[Range[PrimePi[a], PrimePi[b]]]}];
Lv3[s_] := prodeuler[p, 1, 2^(precision/s), 1/(1 - KroneckerSymbol[-3, p]*p^-s)] // N[#, precision]&;
Lv4[s_] := 2*Im[PolyLog[s, Exp[2*I*Pi/3]]]/Sqrt[3];
Lv[s_] := If[s >= 10000, Lv3[s], Lv4[s]];
gv[s_] := (1 - 3^(-s))*Zeta[s]/Lv[s];
pB = (3/4)*Product[gv[2^n*2]^(2^-(n+1)), {n, 0, 11}] // N[#, precision]&;
pD = (45*pB*Lv[2])/(4*Pi^2);
RealDigits[pD, 10, digits][[1]] (* Most of this code is due to Artur Jasinski *)
(* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- *)
S[m_, n_, s_] := (t = 1; sums = 0; difs = 1; While[Abs[difs] > 10^(-digits - 5) || difs == 0, difs = (MoebiusMu[t]/t) * Log[If[s*t == 1, DirichletL[m, n, s*t], Sum[Zeta[s*t, j/m]*DirichletCharacter[m, n, j]^t, {j, 1, m}]/m^(s*t)]]; sums = sums + difs; t++]; sums);
P[m_, n_, s_] := 1/EulerPhi[m] * Sum[Conjugate[DirichletCharacter[m, r, n]] * S[m, r, s], {r, 1, EulerPhi[m]}] + Sum[If[GCD[p, m] > 1 && Mod[p, m] == n, 1/p^s, 0], {p, 1, m}];
Z[m_, n_, s_] := (w = 1; sumz = 0; difz = 1; While[Abs[difz] > 10^(-digits - 5), difz = P[m, n, s*w]/w; sumz = sumz + difz; w++]; Exp[sumz]);
$MaxExtraPrecision = 1000; digits = 121; RealDigits[Chop[N[Z[6, 5, 4]/Z[6, 5, 2], digits]], 10, digits-1][[1]] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Jan 15 2021 *)

A340629 Decimal expansion of Product_{primes p == 1 (mod 5)} (p^2+1)/(p^2-1).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 2, 1, 8, 7, 8, 0, 6, 0, 4, 1, 8, 7, 5, 6, 6, 7, 5, 7, 4, 4, 4, 4, 8, 9, 1, 4, 6, 0, 0, 2, 7, 0, 8, 2, 6, 1, 7, 0, 4, 6, 0, 7, 3, 7, 7, 3, 2, 5, 1, 6, 4, 0, 6, 6, 6, 0, 1, 1, 9, 4, 4, 3, 7, 7, 0, 9, 0, 4, 7, 6, 7, 0, 5, 6, 6, 0, 0, 8, 6, 0, 6, 4, 5, 5, 1, 4, 9, 9, 9, 5, 0, 0, 5, 9, 8, 4, 1, 4, 9, 9, 9, 0, 6, 2, 3, 7, 6, 0, 1, 0, 5, 2, 3, 3, 3, 2, 0, 3, 5

Offset: 1

Artur Jasinski, Jan 13 2021

			1.0218780604187566757444489146002708261704607377325...

Vaclav Kotesovec, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..500
Salma Ettahri, Olivier Ramaré, and Léon Surel, Fast multi-precision computation of some Euler products, arXiv:1908.06808 [math.NT], 2019, p. 20 (70-digit-precision data).
Steven Finch, Greg Martin, and Pascal Sebah, Roots of unity and nullity modulo n, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. Volume 138, Number 8, August 2010, pp. 2729-2743.
Steven Finch and Pascal Sebah, Residue of a Mod 5 Euler Product, arXiv:0912.3677 [math.NT], 2009 (formulas).
Alessandro Languasco and Alessandro Zaccagnini, On the constant in the Mertens product for arithmetic progressions. I. Identities, Funct. Approx. Comment. Math. Volume 42, Number 1 (2010), 17-27, (preliminary version).
Richard J. Mathar, Table of Dirichlet L-Series and Prime Zeta Modulo Functions for Small Moduli, arXiv:1008.2547 [math.NT], 2010-2015.

Cf. A175646, A175647, A248930, A248938, A301429, A333240, A334826, A335963, A340576, A340577, A340578, A340628.

evalf(Re(15*sqrt((1/13)*(5*((I*Pi^2*(1/150)-I*polylog(2, (-1)^(2/5)))^2+((1/150)*(11*I)*Pi^2+I*polylog(2, (-1)^(4/5)))^2)))/Pi^2), 120) # Vaclav Kotesovec, Jan 20 2021, after formula by Pascal Sebah.

S[m_, n_, s_] := (t = 1; sums = 0; difs = 1; While[Abs[difs] > 10^(-digits - 5) || difs == 0, difs = (MoebiusMu[t]/t) * Log[If[s*t == 1, DirichletL[m, n, s*t], Sum[Zeta[s*t, j/m]*DirichletCharacter[m, n, j]^t, {j, 1, m}]/m^(s*t)]]; sums = sums + difs; t++]; sums);
P[m_, n_, s_] := 1/EulerPhi[m] * Sum[Conjugate[DirichletCharacter[m, r, n]] * S[m, r, s], {r, 1, EulerPhi[m]}] + Sum[If[GCD[p, m] > 1 && Mod[p, m] == n, 1/p^s, 0], {p, 1, m}];
Z[m_, n_, s_] := (w = 1; sumz = 0; difz = 1; While[Abs[difz] > 10^(-digits - 5), difz = P[m, n, s*w]/w; sumz = sumz + difz; PrintTemporary["iteration = ", w, ", difference = ", N[difz, digits]]; w++]; Exp[sumz]);
$MaxExtraPrecision = 1000; digits = 121; Chop[N[1/(Z[5,1,4]/Z[5,1,2]^2), digits]] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Jan 15 2021, took over 20 minutes *)
digits = 121; digitize[c_] := RealDigits[Chop[N[c, digits]], 10, digits][[1]];
cl[x_] := I (PolyLog[2, (-1)^x] - PolyLog[2, -(-1)^(1 - x)]);
A340629 := (15 Sqrt[65]/(26 Pi^2)) Sqrt[cl[2/5]^2 + cl[4/5]^2];
digitize[A340629] (* Peter Luschny, Jan 23 2021 *)

Equals 6*sqrt(5)/(13*A340628).
Equals A340004^2/A340808. - R. J. Mathar, Jan 15 2021
Equals 15*sqrt(65)*g/(13*Pi^2) where g = sqrt(Cl2(2*Pi/5)^2 + Cl2(4*Pi/5)^2) = 1.0841621352693895..., and Cl2 is the Clausen function of order 2. Formula by Pascal Sebah (personal communication). - Artur Jasinski, Jan 20 2021
Equals Sum_{q in A004615} 2^A001221(q)/q^2. - R. J. Mathar, Jan 27 2021

Corrected and more terms from Vaclav Kotesovec, Jan 15 2021

A340711 Decimal expansion of Product_{primes p == 3 (mod 5)} (p^2+1)/(p^2-1).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 7, 3, 9, 8, 6, 6, 1, 3, 2, 0, 6, 8, 3, 3, 9, 2, 5, 1, 5, 8, 1, 6, 8, 3, 8, 2, 1, 3, 8, 9, 4, 7, 2, 7, 3, 4, 7, 6, 2, 7, 4, 4, 4, 6, 7, 6, 7, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 4, 0, 0, 2, 9, 6, 8, 1, 4, 4, 0, 9, 8, 7, 4, 8, 6, 6, 8, 1, 5, 3, 7, 7, 6, 0, 6, 9, 5, 5, 6, 2, 0, 1, 2, 2, 8, 5, 4, 3, 8, 1, 1, 4, 6, 6, 0, 7, 3, 0, 5, 9, 2, 7, 4, 0, 5, 9, 2, 2, 4, 4, 6, 8, 1, 3

Offset: 1

Artur Jasinski, Jan 16 2021

			1.273986613206833925158...

Vaclav Kotesovec, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..500
Salma Ettahri, Olivier Ramaré, and Léon Surel, Fast multi-precision computation of some Euler product, arXiv:1908.06808 [math.NT], 2019, p. 20.
Steven Finch, Quartic and Octic Characters Modulo n, arXiv:1008.2547 [math.NT], 2007-2010 p. 11 (formula on kappa(5) and kappa(-5)).
Steven Finch, Greg Martin and Pascal Sebah, Roots of unity and nullity modulo n, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. Volume 138, Number 8, August 2010, pp. 2729-2743.
Steven Finch and Pascal Sebah, Residue of a Mod 5 Euler Product, arXiv:0912.3677 [math.NT], 2009 (formulas).
Alessandro Languasco and Alessandro Zaccagnini, A note on Mertens' formula for arithmetic progressions, Journal of Number Theory Volume 127, Issue 1, (2007), 37-46.
Alessandro Languasco and Alessandro Zaccagnini, On the constant in the Mertens product for arithmetic progressions. II: Numerical values, Math. Comp. 78 (2009), 315-326.
Alessandro Languasco and Alessandro Zaccagnini, On the constant in the Mertens product for arithmetic progressions. I. Identities, Funct. Approx. Comment. Math. Volume 42, Number 1 (2010), 17-27.
Alessandro Languasco and Alessandro Zaccagnini, Computation of the Mertens constants - more than 100 correct digits, (2007), 1-134 (digital data).
Alessandro Languasco and Alessandro Zaccagnini, Computation of the Mertens constants mod q; 3 <= q <= 100, (2007) (GP-PARI procedure 100 digits accuracy).
Richard J. Mathar, Table of Dirichlet L-Series and Prime Zeta Modulo Functions for Small Moduli, arXiv:1008.2547 [math.NT], 2010-2015.
G. Niklasch, Some number-theoretical constants arising as products of rational functions of p over primes
Doug S. Phillips and Peter Zvengrowski, Convergence of Dirichlet Series and Euler Products, Contributions Section of Natural Mathematical and Biotechnical Sciences 38(2):153 (2017).

Cf. A175646, A175647, A248930, A248938, A301429, A333240, A334826, A335963, A340576, A340577, A340578, A340628, A340629, A340004, A340127, A340710.

(* Using Vaclav Kotesovec's function Z from A301430. *)
$MaxExtraPrecision = 1000; digits = 121;
digitize[c_] := RealDigits[Chop[N[c, digits]], 10, digits - 1][[1]];
digitize[1/(Z[5, 3, 4]/Z[5, 3, 2]^2)]

D = Product_{primes p == 0 (mod 5)} (p^2+1)/(p^2-1) = 13/12.
E = Product_{primes p == 1 (mod 5)} (p^2+1)/(p^2-1) = A340629.
F = Product_{primes p == 2 (mod 5)} (p^2+1)/(p^2-1) = A340710.
G = Product_{primes p == 3 (mod 5)} (p^2+1)/(p^2-1) = this constant.
H = Product_{primes p == 4 (mod 5)} (p^2+1)/(p^2-1) = A340628.
D*E*F*G*H = 5/2.
E*F*G*H = 30/13.
D*E*H = sqrt(5)/2.
D*F*G = 13*sqrt(5)/12.
F*G = sqrt(5).
E*H = 6*sqrt(5)/13.
Equals Sum_{q in A004617} 2^A001221(q)/q^2. - R. J. Mathar, Jan 27 2021

A189226 Curvatures in the nickel-dime-quarter Apollonian circle packing, ordered first by generation and then by size.

Original entry on oeis.org

-11, 21, 24, 28, 40, 52, 61, 157, 76, 85, 96, 117, 120, 132, 181, 213, 237, 376, 388, 397, 132, 156, 160, 189, 204, 205, 216, 237, 253, 285, 288, 309, 316, 336, 349, 405, 412, 421, 453, 460, 469, 472, 517, 544, 565, 616, 628, 685, 717, 741, 1084, 1093, 1104, 1125, 1128, 1140

Offset: 1

Jonathan Sondow, Apr 18 2011

For a circle, curvature = 1/radius. The curvatures of a quarter, nickel, and dime are approximately proportional to 21, 24, and 28, respectively. Three mutually tangent circles with curvatures 21, 24, 28 can be inscribed in a circle of curvature 11.
Apollonius's and Descartes's Theorems say that, given three mutually tangent circles of curvatures a, b, c, there are exactly two circles tangent to all three, and their curvatures are a + b + c +- 2*sqrt(ab + ac + bc). (Here negative curvature of one of the two circles means that the three circles are inscribed in it.)
Fuchs (2009) says "An Apollonian circle packing ... is made by repeatedly inscribing circles into the triangular interstices in a Descartes configuration of four mutually tangent circles. Remarkably, if the original four circles have integer curvature, all of the circles in the packing will have integer curvature as well." That is because if a + b + c - 2s*qrt(ab + ac + bc) is an integer, then so is a + b + c + 2*sqrt(ab + ac + bc).
For n > 1, the n-th generation of the packing has 4*3^(n-2) circles.
Infinitely many of the curvatures are prime numbers A189227. In fact, in any integral Apollonian circle packing that is primitive (i.e., the curvatures have no common factor), the prime curvatures constitute a positive fraction of all primes (Bourgain 2012) and there are infinitely many pairs of tangent circles both of whose curvatures are prime (Sarnak 2007, 2011).
Fuchs and Sanden (2012) report on experiments with the nickel-dime-quarter Apollonian circle packing, which they call the coins packing P_C.

			The 1st-generation curvatures are -11, 21, 24, 28, the 2nd are 40, 52, 61, 157, and the 3rd are 76, 85, 96, 117, 120, 132, 181, 213, 237, 376, 388, 397. The 4th generation begins 132, 156, 160, 189, 204, 205, 216, ....
As 21 + 24 + 28 +- 2*sqrt(21*24 + 21*28 + 24*28) = 157 or -11, the sequence begins -11, 21, 24, 28, ... and 157 is in it.
The primes 157 and 397 are the curvatures of two circles that are tangent.

D. Austin, When Kissing Involves Trigonometry, AMS feature column March 2006.
J. Bourgain, Integral Apollonian circle packings and prime curvatures, arXiv:1105.5127 [math.NT], 2011-2012.
J. Bourgain and A. Kontorovich, On the Strong Density Conjecture for Integral Apollonian Circle Packings, arXiv:1205.4416 [math.NT], 2012-2013. See figure 1.
S. Butler, R. Graham, G. Guettler and C. Mallows, Irreducible Apollonian configurations and packings, Discrete & Computational Geometry, 44 (2010), 487-507.
E. Fuchs, Arithmetic Properties of Apollonian Circle Packings, Ph.D. thesis 2009.
E. Fuchs and K. Sanden, Some experiments with integral Apollonian circle packings, Experiment. Math. 20 (2011), 380-399.
R. L. Graham, J. C. Lagarias, C. L. Mallows, Allan Wilks, and C. H. Yan, Apollonian Circle Packings: Number Theory, J. Number Theory, 100 (2003), 1-45.
R. L. Graham, J. C. Lagarias, C. L. Mallows, Allan Wilks, and C. H. Yan, Apollonian Circle Packings: Geometry and Group Theory I. The Apollonian Group., Discrete & Computational Geometry, 34 (2005), no. 4, 547-585.
K. E. Hirst, The Apollonian Packing of Circles, J. London Math. Soc. s1-42(1) (1967), 281-291.
E. Kasner and F. Supnick, The Apollonian packing of circles, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 29 (1943), 378-384.
A. Kontorovich, From Apollonius to Zaremba: Local-global phenomena in thin orbits, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc., 50 (2013), 187-228.
J. C. Lagarias, C. L. Mallows, and Allan Wilks, Beyond the Descartes Circle Theorem, Amer. Math Monthly, 109 (2002), 338-361.
L. Levine, W. Pegden, C. K. Smart, Apollonian Structure in the Abelian Sandpile, arXiv:1208.4839 [math.AP], 2012-2014.
D. Mackenzie, A Tisket, a Tasket, an Apollonian Gasket, American Scientist, 98 (2010).
C. L. Mallows, Growing Apollonian Packings, J. Integer Sequences, 12 (2009), article 09.2.1.
I. Peterson, Circle game, Science News, 4/21/01.
I. Peterson, Temple circles, Math Trek, 4/23/01.
P. Sarnak, Letter to Lagarias on integral Apollonian packings, June, 2007.
P. Sarnak, Integral Apollonian packings, MAA Lecture, Jan 2009.
P. Sarnak, Integral Apollonian packings, Amer. Math. Monthly, 118 (2011), 291-306.
K. E. Stange, The sensual Apollonian circle packing, arXiv:1208.4836 [math.NT], 2012-2014.
Wikipedia, Integral Apollonian circle packings
Wikipedia, Descartes' theorem

Cf. A042944, A042946, A042945, A045506, A045673, A045864, A052483, A060790, A135849, A137246, A154636, A154637, A154638, A171090, A189227, A218155, A248938, A265495, A294510.

root = {-11, 21, 24, 28};
triples = Subsets[root, {3}];
a = {root};
Do[
  ng = Table[Total@t + 2 Sqrt@Total[Times @@@ Subsets[t, {2}]], {t, triples}];
  AppendTo[a, Sort@ng];
  triples = Join @@ Table[{t, r} = tr; Table[Append[p, r], {p, Subsets[t, {2}]}], {tr, Transpose@{triples, ng}}]
  , {k, 3}];
Flatten@a (* Andrey Zabolotskiy, May 29 2022 *)

a(n) == 0, 4, 12, 13, 16, or 21 (mod 24).

Terms a(28) and beyond from Andrey Zabolotskiy, May 29 2022

A189227 Primes among the curvatures in the nickel-dime-quarter Apollonian circle packing A189226.

Original entry on oeis.org

-11, 61, 157, 181, 349, 373, 397, 421, 541, 661, 709, 733, 829, 853, 877, 997, 1021, 1069, 1093, 1213, 1237, 1381, 1429, 1597, 1621, 1669, 1693, 1741, 1861, 2029, 2221, 2293, 2341, 2389, 2557, 2677, 2749, 2917, 3037, 3061, 3109, 3181, 3229, 3253, 3301, 3373

Offset: 1

Jonathan Sondow, Apr 22 2011

sign

See A189226 for comments, references, links, examples, and crossrefs.

Giovanni Resta, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1128 terms < 10^5.
S. Finch, Apollonian circles with integer curvatures [Cached copy, with permission of the author]

Cf. A248930, A248938.

(* terms < 10^4 *) t = Range[9999]*0; w = {-11, 21, 24, 28}; s[1] = {{-1,2,2,2}, {0,1,0,0}, {0,0,1,0}, {0,0,0,1}}; s[2] = {{1,0,0,0}, {2,-1,2,2}, {0,0,1,0}, {0,0,0,1}}; s[3] = {{1,0,0,0}, {0,1,0,0}, {2,2,-1,2}, {0,0,0,1}}; s[4] = {{1,0,0,0}, {0,1,0,0}, {0,0,1,0}, {2,2,2,-1}}; r[m_, j_, p_] := Block[{v = (m.w)[[p]]}, If[v < 9999, t[[v]] = 1; Do[ If[i != j, r[m.s[i], i, p]], {i, 4}]]]; Do[ r[s[i], i, i], {i, 4}]; Prepend[ Select[ Flatten@ Position[t,1], PrimeQ], -11] (* Giovanni Resta, Jan 02 2014 *)

a(n) == 13 (mod 24) (because a(n) is prime, a(n) = A189226(k) for some k, and all terms of A189226 are == 0, 4, 12, 13, 16, or 21 (mod 24)).

Corrected and extended by Steven Finch, Jan 02 2014

a(16)-a(46) from Giovanni Resta, Jan 02 2014

cp's OEIS Frontend

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A340578 Decimal expansion of Product_{primes p == 5 (mod 6)} 1/(1+1/p^2).

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