A307150 -id:A307150 - cp's OEIS frontend

A059897 Symmetric square array read by antidiagonals: A(n,k) is the product of all factors that occur in one, but not both, of the Fermi-Dirac factorizations of n and k.

1, 2, 2, 3, 1, 3, 4, 6, 6, 4, 5, 8, 1, 8, 5, 6, 10, 12, 12, 10, 6, 7, 3, 15, 1, 15, 3, 7, 8, 14, 2, 20, 20, 2, 14, 8, 9, 4, 21, 24, 1, 24, 21, 4, 9, 10, 18, 24, 28, 30, 30, 28, 24, 18, 10, 11, 5, 27, 2, 35, 1, 35, 2, 27, 5, 11, 12, 22, 30, 36, 40, 42, 42, 40, 36, 30, 22, 12, 13, 24, 33

Offset: 1

Marc LeBrun, Feb 06 2001

Old name: Square array read by antidiagonals: T(i,j) = product prime(k)^(Ei(k) XOR Ej(k)) where Ei and Ej are the vectors of exponents in the prime factorizations of i and j; XOR is the bitwise operation on binary representation of the exponents.
Analogous to multiplication, with XOR replacing +.
From Peter Munn, Apr 01 2019: (Start)
(1) Defines an abelian group whose underlying set is the positive integers. (2) Every element is self-inverse. (3) For all n and k, A(n,k) is a divisor of n*k. (4) The terms of A050376, sometimes called Fermi-Dirac primes, form a minimal set of generators. In ordered form, it is the lexicographically earliest such set.
The unique factorization of positive integers into products of distinct terms of the group's lexicographically earliest minimal set of generators seems to follow from (1) (2) and (3).
From (1) and (2), every row and every column of the table is a self-inverse permutation of the positive integers. Rows/columns numbered by nonmembers of A050376 are compositions of earlier rows/columns.
It is a subgroup of the equivalent group over the nonzero integers, which has -1 as an additional generator.
As generated by A050376, the subgroup of even length words is A000379. The complementary set of odd length words is A000028.
The subgroup generated by A000040 (the primes) is A005117 (the squarefree numbers).
(End)
Considered as a binary operation, the result is (the squarefree part of the product of its operands) times the square of (the operation's result when applied to the square roots of the square parts of its operands). - Peter Munn, Mar 21 2022

			A(864,1944) = A(2^5*3^3,2^3*3^5) = 2^(5 XOR 3) * 3^(3 XOR 5) = 2^6 * 3^6 = 46656.
The top left 12 X 12 corner of the array:
   1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,   9,  10,  11,  12
   2,  1,  6,  8, 10,  3, 14,  4,  18,   5,  22,  24
   3,  6,  1, 12, 15,  2, 21, 24,  27,  30,  33,   4
   4,  8, 12,  1, 20, 24, 28,  2,  36,  40,  44,   3
   5, 10, 15, 20,  1, 30, 35, 40,  45,   2,  55,  60
   6,  3,  2, 24, 30,  1, 42, 12,  54,  15,  66,   8
   7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42,  1, 56,  63,  70,  77,  84
   8,  4, 24,  2, 40, 12, 56,  1,  72,  20,  88,   6
   9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72,   1,  90,  99, 108
  10,  5, 30, 40,  2, 15, 70, 20,  90,   1, 110, 120
  11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88,  99, 110,   1, 132
  12, 24,  4,  3, 60,  8, 84,  6, 108, 120, 132,   1
From _Peter Munn_, Apr 04 2019: (Start)
The subgroup generated by {6,8,10}, the first three integers > 1 not in A050376, has the following table:
    1     6     8    10    12    15    20   120
    6     1    12    15     8    10   120    20
    8    12     1    20     6   120    10    15
   10    15    20     1   120     6     8    12
   12     8     6   120     1    20    15    10
   15    10   120     6    20     1    12     8
   20   120    10     8    15    12     1     6
  120    20    15    12    10     8     6     1
(End)

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10440; the first 144 antidiagonals of the array
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Group, Square Part, Squarefree Part.

Cf. A000040, A003987, A003991, A028233, A028234, A050376, A059896, A089913, A207901, A268387, A284577, A302033.
Cf. A284567 (A000142 or A003418-analog for this operation).
Rows/columns: A073675 (2), A120229 (3), A120230 (4), A307151 (5), A307150 (6), A307266 (8), A307267 (24).
Particularly significant subgroups or cosets: A000028, A000379, A003159, A005117, A030229, A252895. See also the lists in A329050, A352273.
Sequences that relate this sequence to multiplication: A000188, A007913, A059895.

a[i_, i_] = 1;
a[i_, j_] := Module[{f1 = FactorInteger[i], f2 = FactorInteger[j], e1, e2}, e1[] = 0; Scan[(e1[#[[1]]] = #[[2]])&, f1]; e2[] = 0; Scan[(e2[#[[1]]] = #[[2]])&, f2]; Times @@ (#^BitXor[e1[#], e2[#]]& /@ Union[f1[[All, 1]], f2[[All, 1]]])];
Table[a[i - j + 1, j], {i, 1, 15}, {j, 1, i}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Jun 19 2018 *)

T(n,k) = {if (n==1, return (k)); if (k==1, return (n)); my(fn=factor(n), fk=factor(k)); vp = setunion(fn[,1]~, fk[,1]~); prod(i=1, #vp, vp[i]^(bitxor(valuation(n, vp[i]), valuation(k, vp[i]))));} \\ Michel Marcus, Apr 03 2019

T(i, j) = {if(gcd(i, j) == 1, return(i * j)); if(i == j, return(1)); my(f = vecsort(concat(factor(i)~, factor(j)~)), t = 1, res = 1); while(t + 1 <= #f, if(f[1, t] == f[1, t+1], res *= f[1, t] ^ bitxor(f[2, t] , f[2, t+1]); t+=2; , res*= f[1, t]^f[2, t]; t++; ) ); if(t == #f, res *= f[1, #f] ^ f[2, #f]); res } \\ David A. Corneth, Apr 03 2019

A059897(n,k) = if(n==k, 1, core(n*k) * A059897(core(n,1)[2],core(k,1)[2])^2) \\ Peter Munn, Mar 21 2022

(define (A059897 n) (A059897bi (A002260 n) (A004736 n)))
(define (A059897bi a b) (let loop ((a a) (b b) (m 1)) (cond ((= 1 a) (* m b)) ((= 1 b) (* m a)) ((equal? (A020639 a) (A020639 b)) (loop (A028234 a) (A028234 b) (* m (expt (A020639 a) (A003987bi (A067029 a) (A067029 b)))))) ((< (A020639 a) (A020639 b)) (loop (/ a (A028233 a)) b (* m (A028233 a)))) (else (loop a (/ b (A028233 b)) (* m (A028233 b)))))))
;; Antti Karttunen, Apr 11 2017

For all x, y >= 1, A(x,y) * A059895(x,y)^2 = x*y. - Antti Karttunen, Apr 11 2017
From Peter Munn, Apr 01 2019: (Start)
A(n,1) = A(1,n) = n
A(n, A(m,k)) = A(A(n,m), k)
A(n,n) = 1
A(n,k) = A(k,n)
if i_1 <> i_2 then A(A050376(i_1), A050376(i_2)) = A050376(i_1) * A050376(i_2)
if A(n,k_1) = n * k_1 and A(n,k_2) = n * k_2 then A(n, A(k_1,k_2)) = n * A(k_1,k_2)
(End)
T(k, m) = k*m for coprime k and m. - David A. Corneth, Apr 03 2019
if A(n*m,m) = n, A(n*m,k) = A(n,k) * A(m,k) / k. - Peter Munn, Apr 04 2019
A(n,k) = A007913(n*k) * A(A000188(n), A000188(k))^2. - Peter Munn, Mar 21 2022

New name from Peter Munn, Mar 21 2022

A036668 Hati numbers: of form 2^i3^jk, i+j even, (k,6)=1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13, 16, 17, 19, 20, 23, 24, 25, 28, 29, 30, 31, 35, 36, 37, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47, 49, 52, 53, 54, 55, 59, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 71, 73, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 83, 85, 89, 91, 92, 95, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 107

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Antreas P. Hatzipolakis (xpolakis(AT)hol.gr)

If n appears then 2n and 3n do not. - Benoit Cloitre, Jun 13 2002

Closed under multiplication. Each term is a product of a unique subset of {6} U A050376 \ {2,3}. - Peter Munn, Sep 14 2019

Robert Israel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000
Don McDonald, Obituary of Alan Robert Boyd, posted to sci.math Jan 02 1999; alternative link.

Cf. A003159, A007310, A014601, A036667, A050376, A052330, A325424 (complement), A325498 (first differences), A373136 (characteristic function).
Positions of 0's in A182582.
Subsequences: A084087, A339690, A352272, A352273.
Cf. also A121537, A145204, A225837, A307150, A329575, A334747, A334748, A339746.

N:= 1000: # to get all terms up to N
A:= {seq(2^i,i=0..ilog2(N))}:
Ae,Ao:= selectremove(issqr,A):
Be:= map(t -> seq(t*9^j, j=0 .. floor(log[9](N/t))),Ae):
Bo:= map(t -> seq(t*3*9^j,j=0..floor(log[9](N/(3*t)))),Ao):
B:= Be union Bo:
C1:= map(t -> seq(t*(6*i+1),i=0..floor((N/t -1)/6)),B):
C2:= map(t -> seq(t*(6*i+5),i=0..floor((N/t - 5)/6)),B):
A036668:= C1 union C2; # Robert Israel, May 09 2014

a = {1}; Do[AppendTo[a, NestWhile[# + 1 &, Last[a] + 1,
Apply[Or, Map[MemberQ[a, #] &, Select[Flatten[{#/3, #/2}],
IntegerQ]]] &]], {150}]; a  (* A036668 *)
(* Peter J. C. Moses, Apr 23 2019 *)

twos(n) = {local(r,m);r=0;m=n;while(m%2==0,m=m/2;r++);r}
threes(n) = {local(r,m);r=0;m=n;while(m%3==0,m=m/3;r++);r}
isA036668(n) = (twos(n)+threes(n))%2==0 \\ Michael B. Porter, Mar 16 2010

is(n)=(valuation(n,2)+valuation(n,3))%2==0 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Sep 10 2015

list(lim)=my(v=List(),N);for(n=0,logint(lim\=1,3),N=if(n%2,2*3^n,3^n); while(N<=lim, forstep(k=N,lim,[4*N,2*N], listput(v,k)); N<<=2)); Set(v) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Sep 10 2015

from itertools import count
def A036668(n):
    def f(x):
        c = n+x
        for i in range(x.bit_length()+1):
            i2 = 1<x:
                    break
                m = x//k
                c -= (m-1)//6+(m-5)//6+2
        return c
    m, k = n, f(n)
    while m != k: m, k = k, f(k)
    return m # Chai Wah Wu, Jan 28 2025

Formula

a(n) = 12/7 * n + O(log^2 n). - Charles R Greathouse IV, Sep 10 2015

{a(n)} = A052330({A014601(n)}), where {a(n)} denotes the set of integers in the sequence. - Peter Munn, Sep 14 2019

Extensions

Offset changed by Chai Wah Wu, Jan 28 2025

A345452 Positive integers with an even number of prime factors (counting repetitions) that sum to an even number.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 9, 15, 16, 21, 25, 33, 35, 36, 39, 49, 51, 55, 57, 60, 64, 65, 69, 77, 81, 84, 85, 87, 91, 93, 95, 100, 111, 115, 119, 121, 123, 129, 132, 133, 135, 140, 141, 143, 144, 145, 155, 156, 159, 161, 169, 177, 183, 185, 187, 189, 196, 201, 203, 204, 205, 209, 213, 215

Offset: 1

Peter Munn, Jun 20 2021

Numbers with an even number of even prime factors and an even number of odd prime factors.
The representation (as defined in A206284) of polynomials with nonnegative integer coefficients that are in the ideal of the polynomial ring Z[x] generated by x^2+x and 2.
The above property arises because the sequence lists the integers in the multiplicative subgroup of positive rational numbers generated by the squares of primes (A001248) and the products of two consecutive odd primes (A006094\{6}).
The sequence is closed under multiplication, prime shift (A003961), and - where the result is an integer - under division. Using these closures, all the terms can be derived from the presence of 4 and 15. For example, A003961(4) = 9, A003961(9) = 25, A003961(15) = 35, 15 * 35 = 525, 525/25 = 21. Alternatively, the sequence may be defined as the closure of A046337 under multiplication by 4.
From the properties of subgroups of the positive rationals we know that if we take an absent positive integer m and divide all terms that are multiples of m by m, we get all the integers in the same subgroup coset as m, and we can expect some of the nice properties here to carry over to the resulting set. Specifically, dividing the even terms by 2 gives all numbers with an odd number of prime factors that sum to an even number; dividing all terms divisible by an odd prime p by p, gives all numbers with an odd number of prime factors that sum to an odd number. The positive integers satisfying the 4th of the 4 possibilities are generated similarly, dividing by 6 (for example).
Numbers whose squarefree part is in A056913.
Term by term, the sequence is one half of its complement within A036349.

			The definition specifies that we count repeated prime factors.
6 = 2 * 3; the sum of these prime factors is 2 + 3 = 5, an odd number; so 6 is not in the sequence.
50 = 2 * 5 * 5 has 3 prime factors and 3 is an odd number; so 50 is not in the sequence.
60 = 2 * 2 * 3 * 5 has 4 prime factors and 4 is an even number; the sum of these factors is 2 + 2 + 3 + 5 = 12, also an even number; so 60 is in the sequence.
1 has 0 prime factors, which sum to 0 (the empty sum). 0 is even, so 1 is in the sequence.

Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Group.
Wikipedia, Polynomial ring.

Cf. A001222, A001414, A003961, A059897, A307150.
Intersection of any 2 of A003159, A028260, A036349.
Other lists that have conditions on the number of odd prime factors: A046337, A072978.
Subsequences: A001248, A006094\{6}, A046315, A056913.

{1}~Join~Select[Range@1000,(s=Flatten[Table@@@FactorInteger[#]];And@@EvenQ@{Length@s,Total@s})&] (* Giorgos Kalogeropoulos, Jun 24 2021 *)

iseven(x) = ((x%2) == 0);
isok(m) = my(f=factor(m)); iseven(sum(k=1, #f~, f[k,1]*f[k,2])) && iseven(sum(k=1, #f~, f[k,2])); \\ Michel Marcus, Jun 24 2021

is(n) = bigomega(n)%2 == 0 && valuation(n, 2)%2 == 0 \\ David A. Corneth, Jun 24 2021

from sympy import factorint
def ok(n):
    f = factorint(n)
    return sum(f.values())%2 == 0 and sum(p*f[p] for p in f)%2 == 0
print(list(filter(ok, range(1, 216)))) # Michael S. Branicky, Jun 24 2021

{a(n) : n >= 1} = {m >= 1 : A001222(m) mod 2 = A001414(m) mod 2 = 0}.
{A036349(n) : n >= 1} = {a(n) : n >= 1} U {2 * a(n) : n >= 1}.
{A028260(n) : n >= 1} = {a(n) : n >= 1} U {A307150(a(n)) : n >= 1}.
For odd prime p, {A003159(n) : n >= 1} = {a(n) : n >= 1} U {A059897(a(n), p) : n >= 1}.

A339690 Positive integers of the form 4^i9^jk with gcd(k,6)=1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 16, 17, 19, 20, 23, 25, 28, 29, 31, 35, 36, 37, 41, 43, 44, 45, 47, 49, 52, 53, 55, 59, 61, 63, 64, 65, 67, 68, 71, 73, 76, 77, 79, 80, 81, 83, 85, 89, 91, 92, 95, 97, 99, 100, 101, 103, 107, 109, 112, 113, 115, 116, 117, 119, 121

Offset: 1

Griffin N. Macris, Dec 13 2020, and Peter Munn, Feb 03 2021

nonn

Positive integers that survive sieving by the rule: if m appears then 2m, 3m and 6m do not.
Numbers whose squarefree part is congruent to 1 or 5 modulo 6.
Closed under multiplication.
Term by term, the sequence is one half of its complement within A007417, one third of its complement within A003159, and one sixth of its complement within A036668.
Asymptotic density is 1/2.
The set of all a(n) has maximal lower density (1/2) among sets S such that S, 2S, and 3S are disjoint.
Numbers which do not have 2 or 3 in their Fermi-Dirac factorization. Thus each term is a product of a unique subset of A050376 \ {2,3}.
It follows that the sequence is closed with respect to the commutative binary operation A059897(.,.), forming a subgroup of the positive integers considered as a group under A059897. It is the subgroup generated by A050376 \ {2,3}. A003159, A007417 and A036668 correspond to the nontrivial subgroups of its quotient group. It is the lexicographically earliest ordered transversal of the subgroup {1,2,3,6}, which in ordered form is the lexicographically earliest subgroup of order 4.

			Numbers are removed by the sieve only due to the presence of a smaller number, so 1 is in the sequence as the smallest positive integer. The sieve removes 2, as it is twice 1, which is in the sequence; so 2 is not in the sequence. The sieve removes 3, as it is three times 1, which is in the sequence, so 3 is not in the sequence. There are no integers m for which 3m = 4 or 6m = 4; 2m = 4 for m = 2, but 2 is not in the sequence; so the sieve does not remove 4, so 4 is in the sequence.

Jan Snellman, Greedy Regular Convolutions, arXiv:2504.02795 [math.NT], 2025.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Group.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Squarefree Part.
Index entries for sequences generated by sieves

Cf. A050376, A059897, A307150, A339746, A372574 (characteristic function).
Ordered first quadrisection of A052330.
Intersection of any 2 of A003159, A007417 and A036668.
A329575 divided by 3.

Select[Range[117], EvenQ[IntegerExponent[#, 2]] && EvenQ[IntegerExponent[#, 3]] &]
f[p_, e_] := p^Mod[e, 2]; core[n_] := Times @@ f @@@ FactorInteger[n]; Select[Range[121], CoprimeQ[core[#], 6] &] (* Amiram Eldar, Feb 06 2021 *)

isok(m) = core(m) % 6 == 1 || core(m) % 6 == 5;

from itertools import count
from sympy import integer_log
def A339690(n):
    def bisection(f,kmin=0,kmax=1):
        while f(kmax) > kmax: kmax <<= 1
        kmin = kmax >> 1
        while kmax-kmin > 1:
            kmid = kmax+kmin>>1
            if f(kmid) <= kmid:
                kmax = kmid
            else:
                kmin = kmid
        return kmax
    def f(x):
        c = n+x
        for i in range(integer_log(x,9)[0]+1):
            i2 = 9**i
            for j in count(0,2):
                k = i2<x:
                    break
                m = x//k
                c -= (m-1)//6+(m-5)//6+2
        return c
    return bisection(f,n,n) # Chai Wah Wu, Feb 14 2025

{a(n) : n >= 1} = {m : A307150(m) = 6m, m >= 0}.
{a(n) : n >= 1} = {k : k = A052330(4m), m >= 0}.
A329575(n) = a(n) * 3.
{A036668(n) : n >= 0} = {a(n) : n >= 1} U {6 * a(n) : n >= 1}.
{A003159(n) : n >= 1} = {a(n) : n >= 1} U {3 * a(n) : n >= 1}.
{A007417(n) : n >= 1} = {a(n) : n >= 1} U {2 * a(n) : n >= 1}.
a(n) ~ 2n.

A329575 Numbers whose smallest Fermi-Dirac factor is 3.

Original entry on oeis.org

3, 12, 15, 21, 27, 33, 39, 48, 51, 57, 60, 69, 75, 84, 87, 93, 105, 108, 111, 123, 129, 132, 135, 141, 147, 156, 159, 165, 177, 183, 189, 192, 195, 201, 204, 213, 219, 228, 231, 237, 240, 243, 249, 255, 267, 273, 276, 285, 291, 297, 300, 303, 309, 321, 327, 336, 339, 345

Offset: 1

Peter Munn, Apr 27 2020

nonn

Every positive integer is the product of a unique subset of the terms of A050376 (sometimes called Fermi-Dirac primes). This sequence lists the numbers where the relevant subset includes 3 but not 2.
Numbers whose squarefree part is divisible by 3 but not 2.
Positive multiples of 3 that survive sieving by the rule: if m appears then 2m, 3m and 6m do not. Asymptotic density is 1/6.

			6 is the product of the following terms of A050376: 2, 3. These terms include 2, so 6 is not in the sequence.
12 is the product of the following terms of A050376: 3, 4. These terms include 3, but not 2, so 12 is in the sequence.
20 is the product of the following terms of A050376: 4, 5. These terms do not include 3, so 20 is not in the sequence.

Amiram Eldar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Jan Snellman, Greedy Regular Convolutions, arXiv:2504.02795 [math.NT], 2025.

Cf. A007913, A036668, A050376, A059897, A223490, A307150, A339690.
Intersection of any 2 of A003159, A145204 and A325424; also subsequence of A028983.
Ordered 3rd quadrisection of A052330.

f[p_, e_] := p^(2^IntegerExponent[e, 2]); fdmin[n_] := Min @@ f @@@ FactorInteger[n]; Select[Range[350], fdmin[#] == 3 &] (* Amiram Eldar, Nov 27 2020 *)

isok(m) = core(m) % 6 == 3; \\ Michel Marcus, May 01 2020

from itertools import count
from sympy import integer_log
def A329575(n):
    def bisection(f,kmin=0,kmax=1):
        while f(kmax) > kmax: kmax <<= 1
        kmin = kmax >> 1
        while kmax-kmin > 1:
            kmid = kmax+kmin>>1
            if f(kmid) <= kmid:
                kmax = kmid
            else:
                kmin = kmid
        return kmax
    def f(x):
        c = n+x
        for i in range(integer_log(x,9)[0]+1):
            i2 = 9**i
            for j in count(0,2):
                k = i2<x:
                    break
                m = x//k
                c -= (m-1)//6+(m-5)//6+2
        return c
    return 3*bisection(f,n,n) # Chai Wah Wu, Apr 10 2025

A223490(a(n)) = 3.
A007913(a(n)) == 3 (mod 6).
A059897(2, a(n)) = 2 * a(n).
A059897(3, a(n)) * 3 = a(n).
{a(n) : n >= 1} = {k : 3 * A307150(k) = 2 * k}.
A003159 = {a(n) / 3 : n >= 1} U {a(n) : n >= 1}.
A036668 = {a(n) / 3 : n >= 1} U {a(n) * 2 : n >= 1}.
A145204 \ {0} = {a(n) : n >= 1} U {a(n) * 2 : n >= 1}.
a(n) = 3*A339690(n). - Chai Wah Wu, Apr 10 2025

cp's OEIS Frontend

A059897 Symmetric square array read by antidiagonals: A(n,k) is the product of all factors that occur in one, but not both, of the Fermi-Dirac factorizations of n and k.

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A036668 Hati numbers: of form 2^i*3^j*k, i+j even, (k,6)=1.

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A345452 Positive integers with an even number of prime factors (counting repetitions) that sum to an even number.

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A339690 Positive integers of the form 4^i*9^j*k with gcd(k,6)=1.

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A329575 Numbers whose smallest Fermi-Dirac factor is 3.

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A036668 Hati numbers: of form 2^i3^jk, i+j even, (k,6)=1.

A339690 Positive integers of the form 4^i9^jk with gcd(k,6)=1.