A324185 -id:A324185 - cp's OEIS frontend

A033879 Deficiency of n, or 2n - (sum of divisors of n).

1, 1, 2, 1, 4, 0, 6, 1, 5, 2, 10, -4, 12, 4, 6, 1, 16, -3, 18, -2, 10, 8, 22, -12, 19, 10, 14, 0, 28, -12, 30, 1, 18, 14, 22, -19, 36, 16, 22, -10, 40, -12, 42, 4, 12, 20, 46, -28, 41, 7, 30, 6, 52, -12, 38, -8, 34, 26, 58, -48, 60, 28, 22, 1, 46, -12, 66, 10, 42, -4, 70, -51

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

Records for the sequence of the absolute values are in A075728 and the indices of these records in A074918. - R. J. Mathar, Mar 02 2007
a(n) = 1 iff n is a power of 2. a(n) = n - 1 iff n is prime. - Omar E. Pol, Jan 30 2014
If a(n) = 1 then n is called a least deficient number or an almost perfect number. All the powers of 2 are least deficient numbers but it is not known if there exists a least deficient number that is not a power of 2. See A000079. - Jianing Song, Oct 13 2019
It is not known whether there are any -1's in this sequence. See comment in A033880. - Antti Karttunen, Feb 02 2020

			For n = 10 the divisors of 10 are 1, 2, 5, 10, so the deficiency of 10 is 10 minus the sum of its proper divisors or simply 10 - 5 - 2 - 1 = 2. - _Omar E. Pol_, Dec 27 2013

Richard K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, 3rd Edition, Springer, 2004, Section B2, pp. 74-84.
James J. Tattersall, Elementary Number Theory in Nine Chapters, Cambridge University Press, 1999, page 147.

N. J. A. Sloane, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..25000 [First 2000 terms from T. D. Noe, terms up to 16384 from Antti Karttunen]
Nichole Davis, Dominic Klyve and Nicole Kraght, On the difference between an integer and the sum of its proper divisors, Involve, Vol. 6 (2013), No. 4, 493-504; DOI: 10.2140/involve.2013.6.493.
Jose A. B. Dris, Conditions Equivalent to the Descartes-Frenicle-Sorli Conjecture on Odd Perfect Numbers, arXiv preprint arXiv:1610.01868 [math.NT], 2016.
Jose Arnaldo B. Dris, Analysis of the Ratio D(n)/n, arXiv:1703.09077 [math.NT], 2017.
Jose Arnaldo Bebita Dris, On a curious biconditional involving the divisors of odd perfect numbers, Notes on Number Theory and Discrete Mathematics, 23(4) (2017), 1-13.
Jose Arnaldo Bebita Dris and Immanuel Tobias San Diego, Some Modular Considerations Regarding Odd Perfect Numbers, arXiv:2002.12139 [math.NT], 2020.
Jose Arnaldo Bebita Dris and Doli-Jane Uvales Tejada, Conditions equivalent to the Descartes-Frenicle-Sorli Conjecture on odd perfect numbers - Part II, Notes on Number Theory and Discrete Mathematics (2018) Vol. 24, No. 3, 62-67.
Jose Arnaldo Bebita Dris and Doli-Jane Uvales Tejada, A note on the OEIS sequence A228059, Notes on Number Theory and Discrete Mathematics (2019) Vol. 25, No. 1, 199-205.
Index entries for sequences related to sigma(n).

Cf. A000396 (positions of zeros), A005100 (of positive terms), A005101 (of negative terms).
Cf. A000203, A033880, A074918, A075728, A192895, A286385, A286449, A295881, A295882.
Cf. A083254 (Möbius transform), A228058, A296074, A296075, A323910, A325636, A325826, A325970, A325976.
Cf. A141545 (positions of a(n) = -12).
For this sequence applied to various permutations of natural numbers and some other sequences, see A323174, A323244, A324055, A324185, A324546, A324574, A324575, A324654, A325379.

with(numtheory): A033879:=n->2*n-sigma(n): seq(A033879(n), n=1..100);

Table[2n-DivisorSigma[1,n],{n,80}] (* Harvey P. Dale, Oct 24 2011 *)

a(n)=2*n-sigma(n) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Oct 13 2016

from sympy import divisor_sigma
def A033879(n): return (n<<1)-divisor_sigma(n) # Chai Wah Wu, Apr 13 2024

[2*n-sigma(n, 1) for n in range(1, 73)] # Stefano Spezia, Jul 18 2025

a(n) = -A033880(n).
a(n) = A005843(n) - A000203(n). - Omar E. Pol, Dec 14 2008
a(n) = n - A001065(n). - Omar E. Pol, Dec 27 2013
G.f.: 2*x/(1 - x)^2 - Sum_{k>=1} k*x^k/(1 - x^k). - Ilya Gutkovskiy, Jan 24 2017
a(n) = A286385(n) - A252748(n). - Antti Karttunen, May 13 2017
From Antti Karttunen, Dec 29 2017: (Start)
a(n) = Sum_{d|n} A083254(d).
a(n) = Sum_{d|n} A008683(n/d)*A296075(d).
a(n) = A065620(A295881(n)) = A117966(A295882(n)).
a(n) = A294898(n) + A000120(n).
(End)
From Antti Karttunen, Jun 03 2019: (Start)
Sequence can be represented in arbitrarily many ways as a difference of the form (n - f(n)) - (g(n) - n), where f and g are any two sequences whose sum f(n)+g(n) = sigma(n). Here are few examples:
a(n) = A325314(n) - A325313(n) = A325814(n) - A034460(n) = A325978(n) - A325977(n).
a(n) = A325976(n) - A325826(n) = A325959(n) - A325969(n) = A003958(n) - A324044(n).
a(n) = A326049(n) - A326050(n) = A326055(n) - A326054(n) = A326044(n) - A326045(n).
a(n) = A326058(n) - A326059(n) = A326068(n) - A326067(n).
a(n) = A326128(n) - A326127(n) = A066503(n) - A326143(n).
a(n) = A318878(n) - A318879(n).
a(A228058(n)) = A325379(n). (End)
Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) ~ c * n^2, where c = 1 - Pi^2/12 = 0.177532... . - Amiram Eldar, Dec 07 2023

Definition corrected by N. J. A. Sloane, Jul 04 2005

A323244 a(1) = 0; and for n > 1, a(n) = A033879(A156552(n)).

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 6, 0, 5, 1, 10, 1, 16, 2, 6, 1, 12, 1, 18, -3, 18, 1, 22, -4, 46, 4, 22, 1, 10, 1, 30, 14, 82, -2, 14, 1, 256, -12, 22, 1, 36, 1, 66, 8, 226, 1, 46, -12, 19, 8, 130, 1, 28, -19, 70, -12, 748, 1, 42, 1, 1362, 16, 22, 10, 42, 1, 214, 254, 40, 1, 38, 1, 3838, 10, 406, -10, 106, 1, 78, -12, 5458, 1, 26, -72, 12250, -348, 30, 1, 12

Offset: 1

Antti Karttunen, Jan 10 2019

sign

After a(1) = 0, the other zeros occur for k >= 1, at A005940(1+A000396(k)), which, provided no odd perfect numbers exist, is equal to A324201(k) = A062457(A000043(k)): 9, 125, 161051, 410338673, ..., etc.

There are 2321 negative terms among the first 10000 terms.

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000 (based on Hans Havermann's factorization of A156552)
Index entries for sequences related to binary expansion of n
Index entries for sequences computed from indices in prime factorization
Index entries for sequences related to sigma(n)

Cf. A000043, A000396, A033879, A064989, A156552, A297112, A323240, A323243, A323245, A323248, A324115, A324051, A324103, A324396, A324398, A324543, A324713.
Cf. A324201 (positions of zeros, conjectured), A324551 (of negative terms), A324720 (of nonnegative terms), A324721 (of positive terms), A324731, A324732.
Cf. A329644 (Möbius transform).
Cf. A323174, A324055, A324185, A324546 for other permutations of deficiency, and also A324574, A324575, A324654.

Array[2 # - If[# == 0, 0, DivisorSigma[1, #]] &@ Floor@ Total@ Flatten@ MapIndexed[#1 2^(#2 - 1) &, Flatten[Table[2^(PrimePi@ #1 - 1), {#2}] & @@@ FactorInteger@ #]] &, 90] (* Michael De Vlieger, Apr 21 2019 *)

A064989(n) = {my(f); f = factor(n); if((n>1 && f[1,1]==2), f[1,2] = 0); for (i=1, #f~, f[i,1] = precprime(f[i,1]-1)); factorback(f)};
A156552(n) = if(1==n, 0, if(!(n%2), 1+(2*A156552(n/2)), 2*A156552(A064989(n))));
A323244(n) = if(1==n, 0, my(k=A156552(n)); (2*k)-sigma(k));

from sympy import divisor_sigma, primepi, factorint
def A323244(n): return (lambda n: (n<<1)-divisor_sigma(n))(sum((1< 1 else 0 # Chai Wah Wu, Mar 10 2023

a(n) = 2*A156552(n) - A323243(n).
a(1) = 0; and for n > 1, a(n) = A033879(A156552(n)).
a(n) = A323248(n) + A001222(n) = (A323247(n) - A323243(n)) + A001222(n).
From Antti Karttunen, Mar 12 2019 & Nov 23 2019: (Start)
a(n) = Sum_{d|n} (2*A297112(d) - A324543(d)) = Sum_{d|n} A329644(d).
A002487(a(n)) = A324115(n).
a(n) = A329638(n) - A329639(n).
a(n) = A329645(n) - A329646(n).
(End)

A324055 Deficiency of Doudna-sequence: a(n) = A033879(A005940(1+n)).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 1, 4, 0, 5, 1, 6, 2, 6, -4, 19, -3, 14, 1, 10, 4, 10, -2, 22, -12, 12, -12, 41, 7, 26, -19, 94, -12, 41, 1, 12, 8, 18, 0, 38, -12, 22, -10, 58, -4, 18, -48, 102, -54, 30, -28, 109, 25, 66, -17, 148, -72, 47, -51, 286, 32, 126, -64, 469, -39, 122, 1, 16, 10, 22, 4, 46, -12, 42, -8, 70, 4, 42, -56, 178, -60, 58, -26, 118, 20

Offset: 0

Antti Karttunen, Feb 14 2019

Both here and in the mirror image sequence A324185, the lowermost (asinh) scatter plot shows on the y = 0 line the numbers that correspond to the perfect numbers. Compare also to the scatter plot of A243492.

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..8192
Antti Karttunen, Data supplement: n, a(n) computed for n = 0..70327
Index entries for sequences related to binary expansion of n
Index entries for sequences related to sigma(n)

Cf. A000120, A033879, A054429.
See A106737, A290077, A323915, A324052, A324054, A324056, A324057, A324058, A324114, A324335, A324340, A324348, A324349, A324394, A324395 for other sequences as permuted by A005940, and compare their scatter plots.
Cf. also A243492, A323174, A323244, A324185, A324346, A324347, A324654.

Array[Block[{p = Partition[Split[Join[IntegerDigits[#, 2], {2}]], 2]}, 2 # - DivisorSigma[1, #] &[Times @@ Flatten@ Table[Prime[Count[Flatten@ #, 0] + 1]^#[[1, 1]] &@ Take[p, -i], {i, Length[p]}]]] &, 82, 0] (* Michael De Vlieger, Mar 11 2019, after Robert G. Wilson v at A005940 *)

A005940(n) = { my(p=2, t=1); n--; until(!n\=2, if((n%2), (t*=p), p=nextprime(p+1))); t }; \\ From A005940
A033879(n) = (2*n-sigma(n));
A324055(n) = A033879(A005940(1+n));

A324055(n) = { my(m1=2,m2=1,p=2,mp=p*p); while(n, if(!(n%2), p=nextprime(1+p); mp = p*p, m1 *= p; if(3==(n%4),mp *= p,m2 *= (mp-1)/(p-1))); n>>=1); (m1-m2); };

a(n) = A033879(A005940(1+n)).
a(n) = 2*A005940(1+n) - A324054(n).
For n > 0, a(n) = A324185(A054429(n)).
a(n) = A324348(n) + A000120(A005940(1+n)).

A324184 a(n) = sigma(A163511(n)).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 7, 4, 15, 13, 12, 6, 31, 40, 39, 31, 28, 24, 18, 8, 63, 121, 120, 156, 91, 124, 93, 57, 60, 78, 72, 48, 42, 32, 24, 12, 127, 364, 363, 781, 280, 624, 468, 400, 195, 403, 372, 342, 217, 228, 171, 133, 124, 240, 234, 248, 168, 192, 144, 96, 90, 104, 96, 72, 56, 48, 36, 14, 255, 1093, 1092, 3906, 847, 3124, 2343, 2801, 600

Offset: 0

Antti Karttunen, Feb 17 2019

nonn

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..16383
Antti Karttunen, Data supplement: n, a(n) computed for n = 0..65537

Cf. A000203, A054429, A163511, A324054, A324183, A324185, A324186, A324187, A324188, A324189.

A324184(n) = if(!n,1,my(p=2,mp=p*p,m=1); while(n>1, if(n%2, p=nextprime(1+p); mp = p*p, if((2==n)||!(n%4),mp *= p,m *= (mp-1)/(p-1))); n >>= 1); (m*(mp-1)/(p-1)));

A163511(n) = if(!n,1,my(p=2, t=1); while(n>1, if(!(n%2), (t*=p), p=nextprime(p+1)); n >>= 1); (t*p));
A324184(n) = sigma(A163511(n));

from sympy import nextprime
def A324184(n):
    if n:
        c, p = 1, 1
        while n:
            c *= ((p:=nextprime(p))**(s:=(~n&n-1).bit_length()+1)-1)//(p-1)
            n >>= s
        return c*(p**(s+1)-1)//(p**s-1)
    return 1 # Chai Wah Wu, Jul 25 2023

a(n) = A000203(A163511(n)).

For n >= 1, a(n) = A324054(A054429(n)).

A324200 a(n) = 2^(A000043(n)-1) * ((2^A059305(n)) - 1), where A059305 gives the prime index of the n-th Mersenne prime, while A000043 gives its exponent.

Original entry on oeis.org

6, 60, 32752, 137438953408

Offset: 1

Antti Karttunen, Feb 18 2019

nonn

If there are no odd perfect numbers then these are the positions of zeros in A324185.
The next term has 314 digits:
11781361728633673532894774498354952494238773929196300355071513798753168641589311119865182769801300280680127783231251635087526446289021607771691249214388576215221396663491984443067742263787264024212477244347842938066577043117995647400274369612403653814737339068225047641453182709824206687753689912418253153056583680.

Subsequence of A023758 and A324199.

Cf. A000043, A000396, A000668, A000720, A007814, A023758, A059305, A156552, A243071, A324185.

A324200(n) = (2^(A000043(n)-1))*((2^primepi(A000668(n)))-1);

a(n) = ((2^A000720(A000668(n)))-1) * 2^(A000043(n)-1) = ((2^A059305(n)) - 1) * 2^(A000043(n)-1).
a(n) = A243071(A156552(A324201(n))) = A243071(A156552(A062457(A000043(n)))).
If no odd perfect numbers exist, then a(n) = A243071(A000396(n)), and thus A007814(a(n)) = A007814(A000396(n)).

A324182 a(n) = A083254(A163511(n)), where A083254(n) = 2*phi(n) - n, the Möbius transform of the deficiency of n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 3, -2, 3, 0, 9, -6, 15, -4, 1, -2, 5, 0, 27, -18, 75, -12, 5, -10, 35, -8, 3, -14, 13, -4, 3, -2, 9, 0, 81, -54, 375, -36, 25, -50, 245, -24, 15, -70, 91, -20, 21, -14, 99, -16, 9, -42, 65, -28, -9, -22, 43, -8, 9, -18, 25, -4, 7, -2, 11, 0, 243, -162, 1875, -108, 125, -250, 1715, -72, 75, -350, 637, -100, 147, -98, 1089

Offset: 0

Antti Karttunen, Feb 18 2019

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..16384
Antti Karttunen, Data supplement: n, a(n) computed for n = 0..65537

Cf. A054429, A083254, A163511, A324052, A324183, A324184, A324185 (compare the scatter plot), A366804 (rgs-transform).

Cf. also A324103.

A163511(n) = if(!n,1,my(p=2, t=1); while(n>1, if(!(n%2), (t*=p), p=nextprime(1+p)); n >>= 1); (t*p));
A083254(n) = (2*eulerphi(n)-n);
A324182(n) = A083254(A163511(n));

a(n) = A083254(A163511(n)).

For n > 0, a(n) = A324052(A054429(n)).

A324199 Numbers n such that A324187(n) = 0.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 6, 60, 98, 108, 928, 930, 946, 1874, 3506, 6688, 7496, 7980, 13640, 14476, 15148, 15956, 27168, 30290, 30292, 32752, 59528, 59986, 60556, 60580, 64338, 65432, 108680, 109732, 119972, 121108, 126280, 126872, 130856, 218276, 229160, 242210, 242306, 438914, 454552, 484420, 484640, 485512, 496904, 507032, 518688, 522848, 523400, 811556, 877636

Offset: 1

Antti Karttunen, Feb 17 2019

nonn

Sequence A243071(A001599(k)), k >= 1, sorted into ascending order. See also comments in A324185.

Also positions of zeros in A324189.

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..164 (all terms up to size 2^26)

Cf. A001599, A243071, A324185, A324187, A324189.

Cf. A324200 (subsequence).

for(n=0,2^21,if(0==A324187(n),print1(n,", "))); \\ Uses code from A324187.

A331734 a(n) = A033879(A225546(n)).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0, 5, 1, 1, -4, 1, 1, 1, 4, 1, -3, 1, -28, 1, 1, 1, -12, 41, 1, -19, -508, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 14, 1, 1, 1, -60, 1, 1, 1, -131068, -115, 1, 1, -2, 3281, -39, 1, -8589934588, 1, -51, 1, -1020, 1, 1, 1, -124, 1, 1, -2035, 6, 1, 1, 1, -36893488147419103228, 1, 1, 1, -12, 1, 1, -199, -680564733841876926926749214863536422908

Offset: 1

Antti Karttunen, Feb 02 2020

sign

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..136

Cf. A005117, A033879, A225546, A331733, A331735, A331741.

Cf. A323244, A323174, A324055, A324185, A324546 for other permutations of the deficiency, and also A324574, A324654.

A048675(n) = { my(f = factor(n)); sum(k=1, #f~, f[k, 2]*2^primepi(f[k, 1]))/2; };
A331734(n) = if(issquarefree(n),1,my(f=factor(n),u=#binary(vecmax(f[, 2])),prods=vector(u,x,1),m=1,e); for(i=1,u,for(k=1,#f~, if(bitand(f[k,2],m),prods[i] *= f[k,1])); m<<=1); (2*prod(i=1,u,prime(i)^A048675(prods[i]))) - prod(i=1,u,(prime(i)^(1+A048675(prods[i]))-1)/(prime(i)-1)));

a(n) = A033879(A225546(n)) = 2*A225546(n) - A331733(n).
For all n, a(A005117(n)) = 1. [It is not known if there are 1's in any other positions. See Jianing Song's Oct 13 2019 comment in A033879.]
For a necessary condition that a(s) would be zero for any square, see A331741.

A324194 A000120-deficiency of n permuted by A163511: a(n) = A192895(A163511(n)).

Original entry on oeis.org

-1, 0, 1, -1, 2, 1, 2, -1, 3, 1, 6, 0, 5, 1, 2, -2, 4, 6, 10, 0, 11, 8, 6, 1, 8, 7, 10, 3, 5, 3, 2, -2, 5, 6, 18, 7, 19, 15, 12, 1, 16, 18, 24, 6, 12, 8, 8, -1, 11, 15, 22, 6, 19, 14, 12, 3, 8, 5, 12, 1, 6, 4, 2, -2, 6, 12, 24, 11, 30, 27, 24, 8, 28, 34, 44, 17, 24, 19, 14, 3, 21, 29, 44, 22, 40, 27, 24, 9, 18, 18, 24, 10, 15, 7, 8, 0, 14, 21

Offset: 0

Antti Karttunen, Feb 19 2019

sign

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..16384
Antti Karttunen, Data supplement: n, a(n) computed for n = 0..65537
Index entries for sequences related to binary expansion of n

Cf. A054429, A163511, A192895, A324114.

Cf. also A324100, A324185.

A163511(n) = if(!n,1,my(p=2, t=1); while(n>1, if(!(n%2), (t*=p), p=nextprime(1+p)); n >>= 1); (t*p));
A192895(n) = sumdiv(n, d, hammingweight(d)*(-1)^(d==n));
A324194(n) = A192895(A163511(n));

a(n) = A192895(A163511(n)).

For n > 0, a(n) = A324114(A054429(n)).

cp's OEIS Frontend

A033879 Deficiency of n, or 2n - (sum of divisors of n).

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A323244 a(1) = 0; and for n > 1, a(n) = A033879(A156552(n)).

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A324055 Deficiency of Doudna-sequence: a(n) = A033879(A005940(1+n)).

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A324184 a(n) = sigma(A163511(n)).

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A324200 a(n) = 2^(A000043(n)-1) * ((2^A059305(n)) - 1), where A059305 gives the prime index of the n-th Mersenne prime, while A000043 gives its exponent.

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A324182 a(n) = A083254(A163511(n)), where A083254(n) = 2*phi(n) - n, the Möbius transform of the deficiency of n.

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A324199 Numbers n such that A324187(n) = 0.

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