A368597 -id:A368597 - cp's OEIS frontend

A368599 Number of non-isomorphic n-element sets of singletons or pairs of elements of {1..n} with union {1..n}, or unlabeled loop-graphs with n edges covering n vertices.

1, 1, 2, 5, 13, 34, 97, 277, 825, 2486, 7643, 23772, 74989, 238933, 769488, 2500758, 8199828, 27106647, 90316944, 303182461, 1025139840, 3490606305, 11967066094, 41302863014, 143493606215, 501772078429, 1765928732426, 6254738346969, 22294413256484, 79968425399831

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Jan 06 2024

nonn

It doesn't matter for this sequence whether we use loops such as {x,x} or half-loops such as {x}.

			The a(0) = 1 through a(4) = 13 set-systems:
  {}  {{1}}  {{1},{2}}    {{1},{2},{3}}        {{1},{2},{3},{4}}
             {{1},{1,2}}  {{1},{2},{1,3}}      {{1},{2},{3},{1,4}}
                          {{1},{1,2},{1,3}}    {{1},{2},{1,2},{3,4}}
                          {{1},{1,2},{2,3}}    {{1},{2},{1,3},{1,4}}
                          {{1,2},{1,3},{2,3}}  {{1},{2},{1,3},{2,4}}
                                               {{1},{2},{1,3},{3,4}}
                                               {{1},{1,2},{1,3},{1,4}}
                                               {{1},{1,2},{1,3},{2,4}}
                                               {{1},{1,2},{2,3},{2,4}}
                                               {{1},{1,2},{2,3},{3,4}}
                                               {{1},{2,3},{2,4},{3,4}}
                                               {{1,2},{1,3},{1,4},{2,3}}
                                               {{1,2},{1,3},{2,4},{3,4}}

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..50
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Graph Loop.

For any number of edges we have A000666, A054921, A322700.
For any number of edges of any size we have A055621, non-covering A000612.
For edges of any size we have A368186, covering case of A368731.
The labeled version is A368597, covering case of A014068.
This is the covering case of A368598.
A000085 counts set partitions into singletons or pairs.
A001515 counts length-n set partitions into singletons or pairs.
A100861 counts set partitions into singletons or pairs by number of pairs.
A111924 counts set partitions into singletons or pairs by length.
Cf. A007716, A007717, A058891, A070166, A122848, A283877, A302545, A320663, A322661, A339741, A339887, A339888.

brute[m_]:=First[Sort[Table[Sort[Sort /@ (m/.Rule@@@Table[{(Union@@m)[[i]],p[[i]]}, {i,Length[p]}])], {p,Permutations[Range[Length[Union@@m]]]}]]];
Table[Length[Union[brute /@ Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{1,2}],{n}], Union@@#==Range[n]&]]],{n,0,5}]

a(n) = polcoef(G(n, O(x*x^n)) - if(n, G(n-1, O(x*x^n))), n) \\ G defined in A070166. - Andrew Howroyd, Jan 09 2024

a(n) = A070166(n,n) - A070166(n-1,n) for n > 0. - Andrew Howroyd, Jan 09 2024

Terms a(7) and beyond from Andrew Howroyd, Jan 09 2024

A372195 Number of labeled simple graphs covering n vertices with a unique undirected cycle of length > 2.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 1, 15, 232, 3945, 75197, 1604974, 38122542, 1000354710, 28790664534, 902783451933, 30658102047787, 1121532291098765, 43985781899812395, 1841621373756094796, 82002075703514947236, 3869941339069299799884, 192976569550677042208068, 10139553075163838030949495

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Apr 25 2024

nonn

An undirected cycle in a graph is a sequence of distinct vertices, up to rotation and reversal, such that there are edges between all consecutive elements, including the last and the first.

			The a(4) = 15 graphs:
  12,13,14,23
  12,13,14,24
  12,13,14,34
  12,13,23,24
  12,13,23,34
  12,13,24,34
  12,14,23,24
  12,14,23,34
  12,14,24,34
  12,23,24,34
  13,14,23,24
  13,14,23,34
  13,14,24,34
  13,23,24,34
  14,23,24,34

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..200

For no cycles we have A105784 (for triangles A372168, non-covering A213434), unlabeled A144958 (for triangles A372169).
Counting triangles instead of cycles gives A372171 (non-covering A372172), unlabeled A372174 (non-covering A372194).
The unlabeled version is A372191, non-covering A236570.
The non-covering version is A372193, column k = 1 of A372176.
A000088 counts unlabeled graphs, labeled A006125.
A001858 counts acyclic graphs, unlabeled A005195.
A002807 counts cycles in a complete graph.
A006129 counts labeled graphs, unlabeled A002494.
A322661 counts covering loop-graphs, unlabeled A322700.
A372167 counts covering graphs by triangles (non-covering A372170), unlabeled A372173 (non-covering A263340).
Cf. A000169, A000272, A053530, A054548, A137916, A137917, A367863, A368597.

cyc[y_]:=Select[Join@@Table[Select[Join@@Permutations/@Subsets[Union@@y,{k}],And@@Table[MemberQ[Sort/@y,Sort[{#[[i]],#[[If[i==k,1,i+1]]]}]],{i,k}]&],{k,3,Length[y]}],Min@@#==First[#]&];
Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{2}]],Union@@#==Range[n]&&Length[cyc[#]]==2&]],{n,0,5}]

seq(n)={my(w=lambertw(-x+O(x*x^n))); Vec(serlaplace(exp(-w-w^2/2-x)*(-log(1+w)/2 + w/2 - w^2/4)), -n-1)} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Jul 31 2024

Inverse binomial transform of A372193. - Andrew Howroyd, Jul 31 2024

a(7) onwards from Andrew Howroyd, Jul 31 2024

A368951 Number of connected labeled graphs with n edges and n vertices and with loops allowed.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 10, 79, 847, 11436, 185944, 3533720, 76826061, 1880107840, 51139278646, 1530376944768, 49965900317755, 1767387701671424, 67325805434672100, 2747849045156064256, 119626103584870552921, 5533218319763109888000, 270982462739224265922466

Offset: 0

Andrew Howroyd, Jan 10 2024

nonn

Exponential transform appears to be A333331. - Gus Wiseman, Feb 12 2024

			From _Gus Wiseman_, Feb 12 2024: (Start)
The a(0) = 1 through a(3) = 10 loop-graphs:
  {}  {11}  {11,12}  {11,12,13}
            {22,12}  {11,12,23}
                     {11,13,23}
                     {22,12,13}
                     {22,12,23}
                     {22,13,23}
                     {33,12,13}
                     {33,12,23}
                     {33,13,23}
                     {12,13,23}
(End)

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..200
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Graph Loop.

Cf. A000169, A333331, A063170, A053506.
This is the connected covering case of A014068.
The case without loops is A057500, covering case of A370317.
Allowing any number of edges gives A062740, connected case of A322661.
This is the connected case of A368597.
The unlabeled version is A368983, connected case of A368984.
For at most n edges we have A369197.
A000085 counts set partitions into singletons or pairs.
A006129 counts covering graphs, connected A001187.
Cf. A000272, A000666, A054780, A116508, A136556, A367863, A368600.

egf:= (L-> 1-L/2-log(1+L)/2-L^2/4)(LambertW(-x)):
a:= n-> n!*coeff(series(egf, x, n+1), x, n):
seq(a(n), n=0..25);  # Alois P. Heinz, Jan 10 2024

seq(n)={my(t=-lambertw(-x + O(x*x^n))); Vec(serlaplace(-log(1-t)/2 + t/2 - t^2/4 + 1))}

a(n) = A000169(n) + A057500(n) for n > 0.
E.g.f.: 1 - log(1-T(x))/2 + T(x)/2 - T(x)^2/4 where T(x) = -LambertW(-x) is the e.g.f. of A000169.
From Peter Luschny, Jan 10 2024: (Start)
a(n) = (exp(n)*Gamma(n + 1, n) - (n - 1)*n^(n - 1))/(2*n) for n > 0.
a(n) = (1/2)*(A063170(n)/n - A053506(n)) for n > 0.  (End)

A368730 Number of n-element sets of singletons or pairs of distinct elements of {1..n} with union {1..n}, or loop-graphs covering n vertices with n edges, such that it is not possible to choose a different element from each.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 0, 6, 180, 4560, 117600, 3234588, 96119982, 3092585310, 107542211535, 4029055302855, 162040513972623, 6970457656110039, 319598974394563500, 15568332397812799920, 803271954062642638830, 43778508937914677872788, 2513783434620146896920843

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Jan 04 2024

nonn

The axiom of choice says that, given any set of nonempty sets Y, it is possible to choose a set containing an element from each. The strict version requires this set to have the same cardinality as Y, meaning no element is chosen more than once.

			The a(4) = 6 set-systems:
  {{1},{2},{1,2},{3,4}}
  {{1},{3},{1,3},{2,4}}
  {{1},{4},{1,4},{2,3}}
  {{2},{3},{1,4},{2,3}}
  {{2},{4},{1,3},{2,4}}
  {{3},{4},{1,2},{3,4}}

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..200
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Graph Loop.
ProofWiki, Definition:Loop-Graph

The case of a unique choice appears to be A000272.
The version without the choice condition is A368597, non-covering A014068.
The complement appears to be A333331.
The non-covering case is A368596, allowing edges of any size A368600.
Allowing any number of edges of any size gives A367903, ranks A367907.
Allowing any number of non-singletons gives A367868, non-covering A367867.
A000085 counts set partitions into singletons or pairs.
A006125 counts graphs, unlabeled A000088.
A006129 counts covering graphs, unlabeled A002494.
A100861 counts set partitions into singletons or pairs by number of pairs.
A111924 counts set partitions into singletons or pairs by length.
A322661 counts labeled covering half-loop-graphs, connected A062740.
Cf. A000666, A116508, A133686, A367863, A367869, A367901, A368532.

Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{1,2}], {n}],Union@@#==Range[n] && Length[Select[Tuples[#],UnsameQ@@#&]]==0&]],{n,0,5}]

a(n) = A368596(n) + A368597(n) - A014068(n). - Andrew Howroyd, Jan 10 2024

Terms a(7) and beyond from Andrew Howroyd, Jan 10 2024

A368924 Triangle read by rows where T(n,k) is the number of labeled loop-graphs on n vertices with k loops and n-k non-loops such that it is possible to choose a different vertex from each edge.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 1, 9, 6, 1, 15, 68, 48, 12, 1, 222, 720, 510, 150, 20, 1, 3670, 9738, 6825, 2180, 360, 30, 1, 68820, 159628, 110334, 36960, 6895, 735, 42, 1, 1456875, 3067320, 2090760, 721560, 145530, 17976, 1344, 56, 1, 34506640, 67512798, 45422928, 15989232, 3402756, 463680, 40908, 2268, 72, 1

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Jan 10 2024

The axiom of choice says that, given any set of nonempty sets Y, it is possible to choose a set containing an element from each. The strict version requires this set to have the same cardinality as Y, meaning no element is chosen more than once.

			Triangle begins:
      1
      0      1
      0      2      1
      1      9      6      1
     15     68     48     12      1
    222    720    510    150     20      1
   3670   9738   6825   2180    360     30      1
  68820 159628 110334  36960   6895    735     42      1
Row n = 3 counts the following loop-graphs:
  {{1,2},{1,3},{2,3}}  {{1},{1,2},{1,3}}  {{1},{2},{1,3}}  {{1},{2},{3}}
                       {{1},{1,2},{2,3}}  {{1},{2},{2,3}}
                       {{1},{1,3},{2,3}}  {{1},{3},{1,2}}
                       {{2},{1,2},{1,3}}  {{1},{3},{2,3}}
                       {{2},{1,2},{2,3}}  {{2},{3},{1,2}}
                       {{2},{1,3},{2,3}}  {{2},{3},{1,3}}
                       {{3},{1,2},{1,3}}
                       {{3},{1,2},{2,3}}
                       {{3},{1,3},{2,3}}

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1325 (rows 0..50)
Wikipedia, Axiom of choice.

Column k = n-1 is A002378.
The case of a unique choice is A061356, row sums A000272.
Column k = 0 is A137916, unlabeled version A137917.
Row sums appear to be A333331.
The complement has row sums A368596, covering case A368730.
The unlabeled version is A368926.
Without the choice condition we have A368928, A116508, A367863, A368597.
A000085, A100861, A111924 count set partitions into singletons or pairs.
A006125 counts graphs, unlabeled A000088.
A006129 counts covering graphs, unlabeled A002494.
A014068 counts loop-graphs, unlabeled A000666.
Cf. A000169, A057500, A062740, A129271, A133686, A322661, A367869, A367902, A368601, A368835, A368836, A368927.

Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{1,2}],{n}], Count[#,{_}]==k&&Length[Select[Tuples[#], UnsameQ@@#&]]!=0&]],{n,0,5},{k,0,n}]

T(n)={my(t=-lambertw(-x + O(x*x^n))); [Vecrev(p) | p <- Vec(serlaplace(exp(-log(1-t)/2 - t/2 + t*y - t^2/4)))]}
{ my(A=T(8)); for(i=1, #A, print(A[i])) } \\ Andrew Howroyd, Jan 14 2024

E.g.f.: A(x,y) = exp(-log(1-T(x))/2 - T(x)/2 + y*T(x) - T(x)^2/4) where T(x) = -LambertW(-x) is the e.g.f. of A000169. - Andrew Howroyd, Jan 14 2024

a(36) onwards from Andrew Howroyd, Jan 14 2024

A369196 Number of labeled loop-graphs with n vertices and at most as many edges as covered vertices.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 7, 39, 320, 3584, 51405, 900947, 18661186, 445827942, 12062839691, 364451604095, 12157649050827, 443713171974080, 17583351295466338, 751745326170662049, 34485624653535808340, 1689485711682987916502, 88030098291829749593643, 4860631073631586486397141

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Jan 17 2024

nonn

			The a(0) = 1 through a(2) = 7 loop-graphs:
  {}  {}     {}
      {{1}}  {{1}}
             {{2}}
             {{1,2}}
             {{1},{2}}
             {{1},{1,2}}
             {{2},{1,2}}

The version counting all vertices is A066383, without loops A369192.
The loopless case is A369193, with case of equality A367862.
The covering case is A369194, connected A369197, minimal case A001862.
The case of equality is A369198, covering case A368597.
A000085, A100861, A111924 count set partitions into singletons or pairs.
A006125 counts simple graphs, also loop-graphs if shifted left.
A006129 counts covering graphs, unlabeled A002494.
A054548 counts graphs covering n vertices with k edges, with loops A369199.
A322661 counts covering loop-graphs, unlabeled A322700.
A368927 counts choosable loop-graphs, covering A369140.
A369141 counts non-choosable loop-graphs, covering A369142.
Cf. A000169, A000272, A000666, A001187, A006649, A057500, A062740, A116508, A367863, A369145.

Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{1,2}]],Length[#]<=Length[Union@@#]&]],{n,0,5}]

Binomial transform of A369194.

A370169 Number of unlabeled loop-graphs covering n vertices with at most n edges.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 3, 7, 19, 48, 135, 373, 1085, 3184, 9590, 29258, 90833, 285352, 908006, 2919953, 9487330, 31111997, 102934602, 343389708, 1154684849, 3912345408, 13353796977, 45906197103, 158915480378, 553897148543, 1943627750652, 6865605601382, 24411508473314, 87364180212671, 314682145679491

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Feb 16 2024

nonn

			The a(0) = 1 through a(4) = 19 loop-graph edge sets (loops shown as singletons):
  {}  {{1}}  {{1,2}}      {{1},{2,3}}          {{1,2},{3,4}}
             {{1},{2}}    {{1,2},{1,3}}        {{1},{2},{3,4}}
             {{1},{1,2}}  {{1},{2},{3}}        {{1},{1,2},{3,4}}
                          {{1},{2},{1,3}}      {{1},{2,3},{2,4}}
                          {{1},{1,2},{1,3}}    {{1},{2},{3},{4}}
                          {{1},{1,2},{2,3}}    {{1,2},{1,3},{1,4}}
                          {{1,2},{1,3},{2,3}}  {{1,2},{1,3},{2,4}}
                                               {{1},{2},{3},{1,4}}
                                               {{1},{2},{1,2},{3,4}}
                                               {{1},{2},{1,3},{1,4}}
                                               {{1},{2},{1,3},{2,4}}
                                               {{1},{2},{1,3},{3,4}}
                                               {{1},{1,2},{1,3},{1,4}}
                                               {{1},{1,2},{1,3},{2,4}}
                                               {{1},{1,2},{2,3},{2,4}}
                                               {{1},{1,2},{2,3},{3,4}}
                                               {{1},{2,3},{2,4},{3,4}}
                                               {{1,2},{1,3},{1,4},{2,3}}
                                               {{1,2},{1,3},{2,4},{3,4}}

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..50

The case of equality is A368599, covering case of A368598.
The labeled version is A369194, covering case of A066383.
This is the covering case of A370168.
The loopless version is the covering case of A370315, labeled A369192.
This is the loopless version is A370316, labeled A369191.
A006125 counts graphs, unlabeled A000088.
A006129 counts covering graphs, unlabeled A002494.
A322661 counts covering loop-graphs, unlabeled A322700.
Cf. A000666, A005703, A014068, A062740, A116508, A368597, A368927, A369141, A369196, A369197, A369199.

brute[m_]:=First[Sort[Table[Sort[Sort /@ (m/.Rule@@@Table[{(Union@@m)[[i]],p[[i]]},{i,Length[p]}])], {p,Permutations[Range[Length[Union@@m]]]}]]];
Table[Length[Union[brute /@ Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{1,2}]], Union@@#==Range[n]&&Length[#]<=n&]]],{n,0,5}]

\\ G defined in A070166.
a(n)=my(A=O(x*x^n)); if(n==0, 1, polcoef((G(n,A)-G(n-1,A))/(1-x), n)) \\ Andrew Howroyd, Feb 19 2024

a(7) onwards from Andrew Howroyd, Feb 19 2024

A001862 Number of forests of least height with n nodes.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 7, 26, 111, 562, 3151, 19252, 128449, 925226, 7125009, 58399156, 507222535, 4647051970, 44747776651, 451520086208, 4761032807937, 52332895618066, 598351410294193, 7102331902602676, 87365859333294151, 1111941946738682522, 14621347433458883187

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

nonn

From Gus Wiseman, Feb 14 2024: (Start)
Also the number of minimal loop-graphs covering n vertices. This is the minimal case of A322661. For example, the a(0) = 1 through a(3) = 7 loop-graphs are (loops represented as singletons):
  {}  {1}  {12}   {1-23}
           {1-2}  {2-13}
                  {3-12}
                  {12-13}
                  {12-23}
                  {13-23}
                  {1-2-3}
(End)

I. P. Goulden and D. M. Jackson, Combinatorial Enumeration, John Wiley and Sons, N.Y., 1983. See (3.3.7): number of ways to cover the complete graph K_n with star graphs.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..100
John Riordan, Forests of labeled trees, J. Combin. Theory, 5 (1968), 90-103.
John Riordan, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, Oct. 1970
John Riordan and N. J. A. Sloane, Correspondence, 1974

The connected case is A000272.
Without loops we have A053530, minimal case of A369191.
This is the minimal case of A322661.
A000666 counts unlabeled loop-graphs, covering A322700.
A006125 counts simple graphs; also loop-graphs if shifted left.
A006129 counts covering graphs, unlabeled A002494.
A054548 counts graphs covering n vertices with k edges, with loops A369199.
Cf. A000085, A000169, A003465, A062740, A066383, A133686, A368597.

Range[0, 20]! CoefficientList[Series[Exp[x Exp[x] - x^2/2], {x, 0, 20}], x] (* Geoffrey Critzer, Mar 13 2011 *)
fasmin[y_]:=Complement[y,Union@@Table[Union[s,#]& /@ Rest[Subsets[Complement[Union@@y,s]]],{s,y}]];
Table[Length@fasmin[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{1,2}]], Union@@#==Range[n]&]],{n,0,4}] (* Gus Wiseman, Feb 14 2024 *)

E.g.f.: exp(x*(exp(x)-x/2)).

Binomial transform of A053530. - Gus Wiseman, Feb 14 2024

Formula and more terms from Vladeta Jovovic, Mar 27 2001

A370168 Number of unlabeled loop-graphs with n vertices and at most n edges.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 5, 13, 36, 102, 313, 994, 3318, 11536, 41748, 156735, 609973, 2456235, 10224216, 43946245, 194866898, 890575047, 4190997666, 20289434813, 100952490046, 515758568587, 2703023502100, 14518677321040, 79852871813827, 449333028779385, 2584677513933282

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Feb 16 2024

nonn

			The a(0) = 1 through a(3) = 13 loop-graph edge sets (loops shown as singletons):
  {}  {}     {}           {}
      {{1}}  {{1}}        {{1}}
             {{1,2}}      {{1,2}}
             {{1},{2}}    {{1},{2}}
             {{1},{1,2}}  {{1},{1,2}}
                          {{1},{2,3}}
                          {{1,2},{1,3}}
                          {{1},{2},{3}}
                          {{1},{2},{1,2}}
                          {{1},{2},{1,3}}
                          {{1},{1,2},{1,3}}
                          {{1},{1,2},{2,3}}
                          {{1,2},{1,3},{2,3}}

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..50

The labeled version is A066383, covering A369194.
The case of equality is A368598, covering A368599.
The covering case is A370169, labeled A369194.
The loopless version is A370315, labeled A369192.
The covering loopless version is A370316, labeled A369191.
A006125 counts graphs, unlabeled A000088.
A006129 counts covering graphs, unlabeled A002494.
A322661 counts covering loop-graphs, unlabeled A322700.
Cf. A000666, A005703, A014068, A062740, A368597, A368927, A369141, A369196, A369197, A369199.

brute[m_]:=First[Sort[Table[Sort[Sort /@ (m/.Rule@@@Table[{(Union@@m)[[i]],p[[i]]},{i,Length[p]}])], {p,Permutations[Range[Length[Union@@m]]]}]]];
Table[Length[Union[brute /@ Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n], {1,2}]],Length[#]<=n&]]],{n,0,5}]

a(n)=my(A=O(x*x^n)); if(n==0, 1, polcoef(G(n, A)/(1-x), n)) \\ G defined in A070166. - Andrew Howroyd, Feb 19 2024

a(7) onwards from Andrew Howroyd, Feb 19 2024

A368926 Triangle read by rows where T(n,k) is the number of unlabeled loop-graphs on n vertices with k loops and n-k non-loops such that it is possible to choose a different element from each edge.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 5, 3, 1, 1, 5, 12, 7, 3, 1, 1, 14, 29, 19, 8, 3, 1, 1, 35, 75, 47, 21, 8, 3, 1, 1, 97, 191, 127, 54, 22, 8, 3, 1, 1, 264, 504, 331, 149, 56, 22, 8, 3, 1, 1, 733, 1339, 895, 395, 156, 57, 22, 8, 3, 1, 1

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Jan 13 2024

Also the number of unlabeled loop-graphs covering n vertices with k loops and n-k non-loops such that each connected component has the same number of edges as vertices.

			Triangle begins:
   1
   0  1
   0  1  1
   1  2  1  1
   2  5  3  1  1
   5 12  7  3  1  1
  14 29 19  8  3  1  1
  35 75 47 21  8  3  1  1

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1325 (rows 0..50)

The case of a unique choice is A106234, row sums A000081.
Column k = 0 is A137917, labeled version A137916.
Without the choice condition we have A368836.
The labeled version is A368924, row sums maybe A333331.
Row sums are A368984, complement A368835.
A000085, A100861, A111924 count set partitions into singletons or pairs.
A006125 counts graphs, unlabeled A000088.
A006129 counts covering graphs, unlabeled A002494.
A014068 counts loop-graphs, unlabeled A000666.
A322661 counts labeled covering half-loop-graphs, connected A062740.
Cf. A057500, A116508, A133686, A367863, A367869, A368596, A368597, A368598, A368601, A368836, A368927.

Table[Length[Union[sysnorm /@ Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{1,2}],{n}],Count[#,{_}]==k && Length[Select[Tuples[#],UnsameQ@@#&]]!=0&]]], {n,0,5},{k,0,n}]

\\ TreeGf gives gf of A000081; G(n,1) is gf of A368983.
TreeGf(N)={my(A=vector(N, j, 1)); for (n=1, N-1, A[n+1] = 1/n * sum(k=1, n, sumdiv(k, d, d*A[d]) * A[n-k+1] ) ); x*Ser(A)}
G(n,y)={my(t=TreeGf(n)); my(g(e)=subst(t + O(x*x^(n\e)), x, x^e) + O(x*x^n)); 1 + (sum(d=1, n, eulerphi(d)/d*log(1/(1-g(d)))) + ((1+g(1))^2/(1-g(2))-1)/2 - (g(1)^2 + g(2)))/2 + (y-1)*g(1)}
EulerMTS(p)={my(n=serprec(p,x)-1,vars=variables(p)); exp(sum(i=1, n, substvec(p + O(x*x^(n\i)), vars, apply(v->v^i,vars))/i))}
T(n)={[Vecrev(p) | p <- Vec(EulerMTS(G(n,y) - 1))]}
{ my(A=T(8)); for(n=1, #A, print(A[n])) } \\ Andrew Howroyd, Jan 14 2024

a(36) onwards from Andrew Howroyd, Jan 14 2024

cp's OEIS Frontend

A368599 Number of non-isomorphic n-element sets of singletons or pairs of elements of {1..n} with union {1..n}, or unlabeled loop-graphs with n edges covering n vertices.

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A372195 Number of labeled simple graphs covering n vertices with a unique undirected cycle of length > 2.

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A368951 Number of connected labeled graphs with n edges and n vertices and with loops allowed.

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A368730 Number of n-element sets of singletons or pairs of distinct elements of {1..n} with union {1..n}, or loop-graphs covering n vertices with n edges, such that it is not possible to choose a different element from each.

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A368924 Triangle read by rows where T(n,k) is the number of labeled loop-graphs on n vertices with k loops and n-k non-loops such that it is possible to choose a different vertex from each edge.

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A369196 Number of labeled loop-graphs with n vertices and at most as many edges as covered vertices.

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A370169 Number of unlabeled loop-graphs covering n vertices with at most n edges.

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